Evaluation of foramen locating accuracy of an endodontic motor integrated with electronic foramen employing optimal glide path kinematics.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the auto apical function in the maintenance of the apical limit of instrumentation during glide path procedures when associated to OGP kinematics of Tri Auto ZX2, compared to the continuous rotation of the same motor, as well as Root ZX II and VDW Gold. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight extracted human mandibular single-rooted premolars were selected. After endodontic access, cervical pre-flaring was performed using size 30, 0.10 taper rotary instruments, and the apical foramen size was standardized to 200 µm. Teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12) according to the device and kinematics. For all the groups, the Auto Apical Stop function (AAS) was set to the 0.0 mark. Glide path instruments size 25, .01 taper were activated inside the canals until the apical limit was reached. Then, the files were fixed with cyanoacrylate to the teeth and decoupled from the equipment. Data were statistically analyzed in GraphPad Prism 6.0 software with the significance set at 5% (Kruskal-Wallis tests). RESULTS: There was no difference in the mean deviation between the groups. No significant difference was found among the groups when the distributions and percentages of differences between the file tip and the apical foramen were compared (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The use of auto apical function at the 0.0 mark of all tested devices provided an adequate control of the apical limit during glide path preparation. Foramen locating accuracy of Tri Auto ZX2 in OGP kinematics was similar to those of Tri Auto ZX2, Root ZX II, and VDW Gold in continuous kinematics. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinical strategies in canal negotiation and glide path as OGP motion associated to electronic foramen locators could reduce iatrogenic risk of deviation and file fractures and create an easier initial preparation to facilitate endodontic procedures.

Clorexidina: uma nova proposta na Endodontia / Chlorhexidine: a novel perspective in Endodontics

Introdução: a clorexidina demonstra resultados efetivos na Endodontia como uma substância de irrigação ou como medicação intracanal. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar a literatura sobre as propriedades da clorexidina, enfatizando novos achados sobre o uso dessa substância como uma medicação intracanal e como uma substância de irrigação. Métodos: foi realizada uma pesquisa nos bancos de dados online Bireme e Google Scholar, usando como palavras-chave as substâncias de irrigação clorexidina e hipoclorito de sódio, restringindo a pesquisa ao período de 2000 a agosto de 2015. Resultados: verificou-se que a clorexidina apresenta uma ampla gama de propriedades que aumentam seu potencial como uma substância de irrigação, quando comparada ao hipoclorito de sódio, como: efeito antimicrobiano, substantividade e baixa toxicidade. Devido a todas as características mencionadas anteriormente, a clorexidina tem sido considerada uma perspectiva inovadora no tratamento de infecções endodônticas, embora o hipoclorito de sódio ainda seja a substância de irrigação de escolha entre os clínicos. Conclusão: esse estudo demonstrou que a clorexidina é uma alternativa efetiva para a desinfecção e o tratamento dos canais radiculares (AU).

Introduction: Chlorhexidine demonstrates effective results in endodontics as an irrigation substance, or as an intra-canal medication. Aim: The aim of this study is to review the literature about the properties of chlorhexidine, emphasizing new findings about the use of this substance as an intra-canal medication, and as an irrigation substance. Methods: Thus, a search was performed on the online databases Bireme and Google Scholar using the keywords irrigation substances, chlorhexidine, and sodium hypochlorite, restricting the search to the period from the year of 2000 to August of 2015. Results: It was found that Chlorhexidine presents a wide range of properties that enhance its potential as an irrigation substance when compared to sodium hypochlorite, such as antimicrobial effect, substantivity, and low toxicity. Due to all the before mentioned characteristics, chlorhexidine has been considered a novel perspective in the treatmentof endodontic infections, even though sodium hypochlorite is still the irrigation substance of choice among clinicians. Conclusion: Therefore, this study demonstrated that chlorhexidine is an effective alternative to the disinfection and treatment of the root canals (AU).