[Determination of heart parameters in correction of congenital heart defects]. / Opredelenie parametrov serdtsa pri korrektsii vrozhdennykh porokov serdtsa.

The work deals with determination of the heart parameters prior to and during correction of congenital heart diseases. Analysis of the cardiometric values of 67 normally formed hearts of children aged 0 days to 12 years revealed the most intimate correlative connections with the highest coefficient of multiple determination between heart parameters in all age groups. The connection between some parameters is lost after the age of 3 years. Multidimensional correlative-regressive analysis showed that the relationship between the heart parameters may be expressed by linear functions. Their dependence may be represented by the equation y = b0 + b1x1 + b2x2. The needed heart parameter may be determined proceeding from one or two known parameters by programming on a computer, angiocardiographically, echocardiographically or directly during correction of the congenital heart disease using result tables of multidimensional correlative-regressive analysis.

[The metabolic efficiency of baker's yeast in an atherogenic diet]. / Metabolicheskaia éffektivnost' pekarskikh drozhzhei na fone aterogennogo ratsiona.

The effect of bakery compressed yeasts in the amounts of 6 and 12 g/100 g of the ration was studied in rats. It was revealed that 12 g of yeasts per 100 g of the atherogenic ration produced a hypocholesterolemic effect. A negative effect of this amount of the yeasts was manifest in the slow growth of the rats' body mass and in an increased ratio of the kidney/body mass. The yeasts amounts used did not protect the test animals from the kidney infiltration with lipids and cholesterol; 12 g of yeasts per 100 g of the ration promoted elevation of sialic acid content in the blood plasma. Morphologic changes were observed only in the aortal wall, they were characteristic of the prelipid stage of atherosclerosis and did not depend on the yeasts amount.

[Surgical treatment of primary tumors of the heart]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie pervichnykh opukholei serdtsa.

The article discusses the experience in surgical treatment of tumors of the heart in 34 patients in clinics of cardiosurgery at the Riga Medical Institute and the Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery of Havana (Cuba). Twenty-five patients underwent operations for benign tumors of the heart (16 myxomas, 2 leiomyomas, 2 fibromas, 1 lipoma, 1 angiofibroma, 2 coelomic cysts) under extracorporeal circulation, with 4% lethality. No recurrences were encountered in follow-up periods of 5 months to 14 years. Nine patients had malignant tumors; the tumor was removed successfully in 3 of them, even with resection and prosthetic replacement of the outflow tract of the right ventricle. Only 3 of the patients (33%) who were operated on had a follow-up period of more than 1 year.

[Diagnosis and treatment of the respiratory distress syndrome during surgery in children under artificial circulation]. / Diagnostika i lechenie respiratornogo distress-sindroma pri operatsiiakh u detei v usloviiakh iskusstvennogo krovoobrashcheniia.

The authors examined 152 children with congenital heart diseases complicated by pulmonary hypertension. 109 patients were operated on under conditions of hypothermic perfusion and 43--under deep hypothermia with extracorporeal circulation. Combination of disturbed mechanics of respiration and gas exchange was determined as the respiratory distress syndrome. The initial value of lung expansibility was found to be in inverse proportion to the degree of pulmonary hypertension. With the increase of pulmonary hypertension lung expansibility reduced before extracorporeal circulation and gas exchange became worse. Hypothermic perfusion at volumetric rates of 1.7-2.55 l/min/m2 led to diminished lung expansibility in the early postperfusion period of the operation, the mechanics and gas exchange grew worse. In patients who underwent operation under conditions of deep hypothermia the values of lung expansibility and gas exchange were stable. The incidence of the respiratory distress syndrome was 56.3% after hypothermic perfusion and 7.2% after deep hypothermia.

[Experimental restoration of the patency of the efferent ducts of the salivary glands]. / Vosstanovlenie prokhodimosti vykhodnykh protokov sliunnykh zhelez v éksperimente.

In order to introduce the microsurgical technique of suturing the salivary ducts' lesions, microsurgical anatomy of ducts draining large salivary glands was studied in 12 human autopsies and 10 dogs. Experimental surgery was performed in 10 dogs: the sectioned parotid and submandibular ducts were repaired. Sialographic evidence of recanalization was obtained in 8 of the dogs. Histological investigation showed minimal inflammatory response within 20 to 60 days after surgery.

[The effect of pectin and cellulose on the metabolism of lipids and complex carbohydrates under experimental conditions]. / Vliianie pektina i tselliulozy na obmen lipidov i kompleksnykh uglevodov v éksperimental'nykh usloviiakh

Experiments conducted with albino rats have evidenced that under the effect of an atherogenic ration the level of lipids and cholesterol in the blood plasma and hepatic tissue and of sillac acids in the blood plasma increased. In the aortic intima the content of acid mucopolysaccharides was rising, this being attended by a concurrent swelling of the main interstitial substance and of the collagen fibers in the subendothelial layer. An addition of apple pectin or of cellulose to the atherogenic ration deferred the development of the mentioned changes.