Influence of large open-pit mines on the construction and optimization of urban ecological networks: A case study of Fushun City, China.

Under the long-term effect of mineral resource exploitation, especially open-pit mining, ecosystems are severely disturbed. Constructing and optimizing urban ecological networks influenced by open-pit mines based on mine-city coordination helps integrate ecological restoration and the construction of urban ecological environments. We applied an InVEST model to Fushun City to evaluate urban ecosystem services under the influence of large open-pit mines. Twenty-one key patches important for maintaining landscape connectivity were screened as the ecological sources in the network, from which ecological resistance surfaces were constructed by combining the impacts of mines on the environment. Minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) and gravity models were then used to extract and classify ecological corridors favorable to species migration and diffusion. Fushun City had large spatial differences in ecosystem service functions, with high-value areas concentrated in the forest-rich Dongzhou District and the northern Shuncheng District. Under the influence of open-pit mining, the ecosystem service capacity of the region south of the Hunhe River was poor and lacked ecological sources. Urban ecological resistance surfaces reached a maximum in the open-pit mining area, and 210 ecological corridors were estimated using the MCR model, of which 46 were important. Only two corridors crossed the West and East open pit, forming two "ecological fracture surfaces." The Dongzhou and eastern Shuncheng districts had complex network structures and stable ecological environments. In contrast, the central and southern parts of Fushun City lacked ecological corridors owing to the influence of mining pits and gangue mountains, had simple network structures, and low connectivities with other sources. Combined with Fushun City's development plan, we propose that ecological network optimization should add new ecological source sites, reconstruct and repair ecological corridors, and upgrade ecological breakpoints. This study provides reference and basis for ecological network research in mining cities influenced by open-pit mines.

Game analysis on PPP model operation of abandoned mines ecological restoration under the innovation of central government's reward and punishment system in China.

There is a huge funding gap in the abandoned mines ecological restoration in China. It is of great research value to explore how PPP model can better introduce social capital into the low-profit ecological restoration of abandoned mines. Based on the innovation perspective of the central government's reward and punishment system, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model of "local government-social capital", analyzes the interaction and behavior mechanism of core stakeholders in the operation process of abandoned mines ecological restoration PPP mode, and discusses the influence of evolutionary equilibrium strategy and parameters change on evolutionary strategy under different scenarios by Matlab simulation. The research shows that the abandoned mines ecological restoration needs the support of the central government. When the local government lightly punishes the low-quality service of social capital, the central government needs to pay higher costs to promote all parties to actively participate in the operation and supervision of the PPP project. The revenue and cost of government supervision, the operating subsidy for social capital and the cost saved by social capital in providing bad service are the key factors affecting the evolution of the game between government and social capital. Punishment can effectively spur social capital to keep the contract and operate in the project, but the punishment effect will be ineffective without government supervision. Finally, some suggestions are put forward, such as establishing a long-term supervision mechanism and a reasonable income mechanism for PPP projects, increasing penalties for violations, attracting third parties to reduce supervision costs and strengthening communication between the two parties, so as to make the project take into account the economic performance of social capital and the social welfare of government departments, and achieve dual Pareto improvement.

Association of WHSC1/NSD2 and T-cell infiltration with prostate cancer metastasis and prognosis.

Progress in immunotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa) lags that for other cancers, mainly because of limited immune infiltration in PCa. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of NSD2 as an immunotherapeutic target in PCa. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression pattern of NSD2 in 34 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 36 cases of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and 57 cases of PCa, including 19 cases of metastatic castration-resistant prostatic cancer (mCRPC). Single-cell RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to correlate NSD2 with certain downstream pathways. Furthermore, the Immuno-Oncology-Biological-Research (IOBR) software package was used to analyze the potential roles of NSD2 in the tumor microenvironment. We found that the positive expression rate of NSD2 increased progressively in BPH, PIN and PCa. mCRPC had the highest staining intensity for NSD2. High NSD2 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration level of CD4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and negatively correlated with that of CD8+ TILs. Importantly, a new immune classification based on NSD2 expression and CD4+ TILs and CD8+ TILs was successfully used to stratify PCa patients based on OS.PSA and CD4+ TILs are independent risk factors for PCa bone metastasis. This study demonstrates a novel role for NSD2 in defining immune infiltrate on in PCa and highlights the great potential for its application in immunotherapy response evaluation for prostate malignancies.

Influence of Fatty Acid Modification on the Anticancer Activity of the Antimicrobial Peptide Figainin 1.

Antimicrobial peptides derived from the skin secretions of amphibians have made important progress in tumor therapy due to their unique mechanism of destroying cell membranes. Figainin 1 (F1) is an 18-amino acid antimicrobial peptide from the skin secretions of Boana raniceps frogs. In a previous study, F1 was shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. F1 is composed entirely of natural amino acids; therefore, it is easily degraded by a variety of proteases, resulting in poor stability and a short half-life. In the present study, we used a fatty acid modification strategy to improve the stability of Figainin 1. Among the 8 peptides synthesized, A-10 showed the strongest antiproliferative activity against K562 cells and the other four tumor cell lines, and its stability against serum and proteinase K was improved compared with F1. We found that A-10 works through two mechanisms, cell membrane destruction and apoptosis, and can arrest the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. Moreover, A-10 exhibited self-assembly behavior. Overall, it is necessary to select a fatty acid with a suitable length for modification to improve the stability and antiproliferative activity of antimicrobial peptides. This study provides a good reference for the development of antimicrobial peptides as effective anticancer compounds.

Rational Design of Molybdenum-Doped Cobalt Nitride Nanowire Arrays for Robust Overall Water Splitting.

Rational design of efficient electrocatalysts is highly imperative but still a challenge for overall water splitting. Herein, we construct self-supported Co3 N nanowire arrays with different Mo doping contents by hydrothermal and nitridation processes that serve as robust electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. The optimal Co3 N-Mo0.2 /Ni foam (NF) electrode delivers a low overpotential of 97 mV at a current density of 50 mA cm-2 as well as a highly stable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations prove that Mo doping can effectively modulate the electronic structure and surface adsorption energies of H2 O and hydrogen intermediates on Co3 N, leading to improved reaction kinetics with high catalytic activity. Further modification with FeOOH species on the surface of Co3 N-Mo0.2 /NF improves the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance benefiting from the synergistic effect of dual Co-Fe catalytic centers. As a result, the Co3 N-Mo0.2 @FeOOH/NF catalysts display outstanding OER catalytic performance with a low overpotential of 250 mV at 50 1 mA cm-2 . The constructed Co3 N-Mo0.2 /NF||Co3 N-Mo0.2 @FeOOH/NF water electrolyzer exhibits a small voltage of 1.48 V to achieve a high current density of 50 mA cm-2 at 80 °C, which is superior to most of the reported electrocatalysts. This work provides a new approach to developing robust electrode materials for electrocatalytic water splitting.

Engineering cobalt molybdate nanosheet arrays with phosphorus-modified nickel as heterogeneous electrodes for highly-active energy-saving water splitting.

Electrochemical urea electrolysis has been regarded as a promising strategy to replace traditional water-splitting technology to achieve hydrogen fuel due to its cost savings and high energy efficiency. Designing efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts easily is important but still faces significant challenges. Herein, an interface engineering strategy is used to construct a hybrid material by coupling cobalt molybdate (CoMoO4) nanosheet arrays with phosphorus-modified nickel (P-Ni) particles on copper foam (P-Ni@CoMoO4/CF) through the hydrothermal and in-situ electrodeposition process. Benefiting from the abundant catalytic active sites, low charge transfer resistance, and synergistic coupling effect, the optimal P-Ni@CoMoO4/CF electrocatalyst presents a superior bifunctional activity for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In detail, a small overpotential of 125 mV and a low potential of 1.36 V is required to attain the current density of 100 mA cm-2 for HER and UOR, respectively. In the process of urea electrolysis, the P-Ni@CoMoO4/CF-based electrolyzer provides a current density of 100 mA cm-2 with an overall voltage of 1.50 V, about 170 mV less than that in a traditional water electrolyzer. The high performance of P-Ni@CoMoO4/CF outperforms many recently reported electrodes, suggesting its promising application in energy-saving hydrogen production. Our work proposes a novel idea for the rational design and exploitation of low-cost and robust bifunctional electrodes for electrocatalysis.

Carbon-encapsulated Co2P/P-modified NiMoO4 hierarchical heterojunction as superior pH-universal electrocatalyst for hydrogen production.

The development of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) technology that operates stably in a wide potential of hydrogen (pH) range of electrolytes is particular important for large-scale hydrogen production. However, the rational design of low-cost and pH-universal electrocatalyst with high catalytic performance remains a huge challenge. Herein, Co2P nanoparticles strongly coupled with P-modified NiMoO4 nanorods are directly grown on nickel foam (NF) substrates through carbon layer encapsulation (denoted as C-Co2P@P-NiMoO4/NF) by hydrothermal, deposition, and phosphating processes. This novel kind of hierarchical heterojunction has abundant heterogeneous interfaces, strong electronic interactions, and optimized reaction kinetics, representing the highly-active pH-universal electrodes for HER. Remarkably, the C-Co2P@P-NiMoO4/NF catalyst shows excellent HER properties in acidic and basic electrolytes, where the overpotentials of 105 mV and 107 mV are applied to drive the current density of 100 mA cm-2. In addition, a low overpotential of 177 mV at 100 mA cm-2 along with high stability is realized in 1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS), which is close to the state-of-the-art non-precious metal electrocatalysts. Our work not only provides a class of robust pH-universal electrocatalyst but also offers a novel way for the rational design of other heterogeneous materials bythe interface regulation strategy.

Universal strategy of iron/cobalt-based materials for boosted electrocatalytic activity of water oxidation.

Low-dimensional cobalt-based materials have proved to be one of the promising catalytic systems for oxygen-evolution reaction (OER). How to develop a facile and universal strategy for significantly improving their catalytic performance is of great significance, but still faces great challenges. Herein, a series of cobalt-based nanowires (CoS2, CoP, CoF2, and Co3O4) are synthesized and used as conceptual examples to explore the universality to enhance their OER catalytic activity. The FeOOH-modified cobalt-based electrocatalysts exhibit significantly improved OER catalytic performance compared to the pristine samples. Especially, the optimal CoS2@FeOOH material delivers the smallest overpotential of 260 mV at 100 mA cm-2, which outperforms most of the reported excellent materials. Notably, the CoP||CoP@FeOOH electrolyzer (1.63 V@30 mA cm-2) delivers higher performance than the CoS2||CoS2@FeOOH electrolyzer (1.72 V@30 mA cm-2) benefiting from the better HER catalytic activity of CoP. In addition, the post-characterizations confirm that the real catalytic structure of those electrocatalysts consists of a surface CoOOH@FeOOH catalytic layer and cobalt-based nanowire core. The Co-Fe catalytic layer provides more active centers for the adsorption and dissociation of water molecules as well as the formation of oxygen, while the nanowire core acts as an electron transport channel to realize better reaction kinetics. Our work not only develops a general strategy to enhance the catalytic activity but also provides new ideas for the facile design of other advanced catalytic materials.

How Have Global River Widths Changed Over Time?

Changes in a river's width reflect natural and anthropogenic impacts on local and upstream/downstream hydraulic and hydrologic processes. Temporal variation of river width also impacts biogeochemical exchange and reflects geomorphologic evolution. However, while global maps of mean river width and dynamic water surface extent exist, there is currently no standardized global assessment of river widths that documents changes over time. Therefore, we made repeated width measurements from Landsat images for all rivers wider than 90 m collected from 1984 to 2020 (named Global LOng-term river Width, GLOW), which consists of ∼1.2 billion cross-sectional river width measurements, with an average of 3,000 width measurements per 10-km reach. With GLOW, we investigated the temporal variations of global river width, quantified by the interquartile range (IQR) and temporal trend. We found that 85% of global rivers have a width IQR <150 m. We also found that 37% of global river segments show significant temporal trends in width over the past 37 years, and this number is higher (46%) for human-regulated rivers. Further, we leveraged machine learning to identify the most important factors explaining river width variations and revealed that these driving factors are significantly different between free-flowing and non-free-flowing rivers. Specifically, the most important factor driving temporal variations in river width is the climate for free-flowing rivers, and is soil condition for human-impacted rivers. Finally, we anticipate that this study and the public release of GLOW will improve the understanding of river dynamics and catalyze additional interdisciplinary studies.

Hierarchically structured nickel/molybdenum nitride heterojunctions as superior bifunctional electrodes for overall water splitting.

Transition metal nitrides (TMNs) are considered to be some of the most promising metallic materials for electrocatalytic water splitting. However, the low density of active sites and weak reaction kinetics still limit their wide industrial application. Herein, we put forward a typical 3D hierarchical heterostructure that is composed of metallic Ni3N, Mo5N6, and Ni grown on nickel foam (denoted as Ni3N@NiMoNx/NF), presenting it as a highly-active bifunctional electrocatalyst for water splitting. This hybrid nanowire heterojunction has an abundant interface structure for more catalytically active sites, while its synergistic effects of strong electronic interaction and intrinsic high conductivity ensure fast electron transfer for rapid reaction kinetics. Remarkably, the Ni3N@NiMoNx/NF electrode delivers small overpotentials of 78 mV and 370 mV at 100 mA cm-2 for the HER and OER, respectively. By utilizing Ni3N@NiMoNx/NF as bifunctional electrodes for water splitting, an alkaline electrolyzer shows a low cell voltage of 1.68 V at 100 mA cm-2 with a superior durability of 80 h. Our work provides an experimental basis for advancing the rational design of efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for large-scale industrial water electrolysis applications.

Ni2 Se3 -CuSex Heterostructure as a Highly Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Urea-Assisted Hydrogen Generation.

Coupling urea oxidation reaction (UOR) with hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an attractive alternative anode reaction for electrochemical hydrogen generation with low energy consumption. However, the development of highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts is still a challenge. In this work, Ni2 Se3 -CuSex heterostructure was synthesized on copper foam (Ni3 Se2 @CuSex /CF) by electrodeposition accompanied by a selenization process. Benefiting from the abundant active sites, faster reaction kinetics, and modulated electronic structure, the self-supporting Ni3 Se2 @CuSex /CF electrode exhibited superior catalytic performance. Extremely low overpotentials of 120 and 140 mV were achieved at the current density of 100 mA cm-2 for HER/UOR, respectively. Respectively, in HER||UOR coupled electrolyzer for H2 generation, the Ni3 Se2 @CuSex /CF||Ni3 Se2 @CuSex /CF delivered a low cell voltage of 1.49 V to reach a high current density of 100 mA cm-2 along with good stability, outperforming most of the other well-developed materials to date. The rational design of coupled heterostructure as bifunctional electrodes is a promising approach for energy-saving H2 production.

Fluorine-anion engineering endows superior bifunctional activity of nickel sulfide/phosphide heterostructure for overall water splitting.

Designing advanced transition metal-based materials for electrocatalytic water splitting is of significance, but their wide application is still limited due to the lack of an effective regulation strategy. Herein, a synergistic regulation strategy of surface/interface is developed to optimize the catalytic activity of nickel sulfide (Ni3S2). The construction of nickel phosphide with Ni3S2 heterostructure by using fluorine (F)-anion modification is successfully developed on nickel foam (F-NiPx/Ni3S2-NF) via a simple fluorination and phosphating treatment. This new kind of electrocatalyst contains plenty of active sites and strong electronic interactions, presenting superior bifunctional activity for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The overpotentials only need 182 mV and 370 mV to reach the current density of 100 mA cm-2 for HER and OER, respectively. In addition, the F-NiPx/Ni3S2-NF-based electrolyzer delivers promising performance for overall water splitting. A low potential of 1.55 V and 1.7 V can be achieved at the current density of 10 mA cm-2 and 50 mA cm-2. This work provides a new surface/interface regulation strategy for high-efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts.

Electronic regulation of platinum species on metal nitrides realizes superior mass activity for hydrogen production.

Developing high-active electrocatalyst to improve the efficiency of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is critical to achieve clean hydrogen. However, the low mass activity and high cost of this technology still limits its wide commercial application. Herein, a new kind of hybrid material is designed by introducing trace Pt species onto a mixed metal nitride matrixs (denoted as NiWNx), presenting as an excellent electrocatalyst for HER. The prepared Pt-NiWNx hybrid possesses abundant heterointerfaces, high conductivity and strong electron interactions, facilitating the reaction kinetics for hydrogen production. As a result, the Pt-NiWNx only needs a small overpotential of 61 mV to reach the geometric current density of 100 mA cm-2 in alkaline electrolyte. Notably, this kind of catalyst delivers a superior mass activity of 32.8 A mgPt-1 at -0.1 V and high durability, exhibiting the promising prospects for industrial application. This work offers a novel design strategy for high-efficient hybrid materials for scaled hydrogen generation.

Hierarchical Metal Sulfides Heterostructure as Superior Bifunctional Electrode for Overall Water Splitting.

The development of highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is of significant importance, but huge challenges remain. The key element depends on engineering the electronic structure and surface properties of material to achieve improved catalytic activity. Herein, a hierarchical nanowire array of metal sulfides heterostructure on nickel foam (FeCoNiSx /NF) was designed as a novel type of hybrid electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. The hybrid structure endowed plenty of catalytic active sites, strong electronic interactions, and high interfacial charge transferability, leading to superior bifunctional performance. As a result, the FeCoNiSx /NF catalyst delivered low overpotentials of 97 and 260 mV at the current density of 50 mA cm-2 for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, respectively. Moreover, the FeCoNiSx /NF-based water electrolyzer exhibited a small potential of 1.57 V for a high current density of 50 mA cm-2 . These results indicate the promising application potential of FeCoNiSx /NF electrode for hydrogen generation. This work provides a new approach to develop robust hybrid materials as the highly active electrode for electrocatalytic water splitting.

Dual-anions engineering of bimetallic oxides as highly active electrocatalyst for boosted overall water splitting.

Bimetallic oxides have unique advantages in driving both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER/HER). Surface engineering of bimetallic oxides is a promising way to boost the catalytic activity by the regulation of electronic structure and surface property. Herein, a dual P, S-anions modification strategy is developed to optimize the catalytic performance of CoMoO4 nanowire arrays. The formations of CoP and Co3S4 species on the CoMoO4 surface bring heterojunction interfaces for more catalytic active sites and strong electronic interaction for faster interfacial charge transfer. Benefiting from these advantages, the P, S-CoMoO4 catalyst on nickel foam (NF) delivers excellent catalytic activity and stability. The overpotentials at 10 mA cm-2 of P, S-CoMoO4/NF for HER are just 31 mV in acid media and 58 mV in alkaline media, respectively. In addition, by assembling the P, S-CoMoO4/NF as bifunctional electrodes for overall water splitting, the electrolyzer exhibits a voltage of as low as 1.66 V at a current density of 50 mA cm-2. This work put forward a new avenue for the development of advanced bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting.

Recent changes to Arctic river discharge.

Arctic rivers drain ~15% of the global land surface and significantly influence local communities and economies, freshwater and marine ecosystems, and global climate. However, trusted and public knowledge of pan-Arctic rivers is inadequate, especially for small rivers and across Eurasia, inhibiting understanding of the Arctic response to climate change. Here, we calculate daily streamflow in 486,493 pan-Arctic river reaches from 1984-2018 by assimilating 9.18 million river discharge estimates made from 155,710 satellite images into hydrologic model simulations. We reveal larger and more heterogenous total water export (3-17% greater) and water export acceleration (factor of 1.2-3.3 larger) than previously reported, with substantial differences across basins, ecoregions, stream orders, human regulation, and permafrost regimes. We also find significant changes in the spring freshet and summer stream intermittency. Ultimately, our results represent an updated, publicly available, and more accurate daily understanding of Arctic rivers uniquely enabled by recent advances in hydrologic modeling and remote sensing.

Highly efficient electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate on Sn modified Bi2O3 heterostructure.

In this work, Sn species are deposited onto the surface of a Bi2O3 material by a facile disproportionated reaction and the prepared catalyst shows a superior electrocatalytic performance towards CO2 reduction. The deposition of Sn atoms can donate electrons to the Bi2O3 material and increase its electrical conductivity. The SnM-Bi2O3 catalyst with the optimal Sn content delivers a high faradaic efficiency of 95.8% at -1.0 V for formate production. In addition, the partial current density of formate can reach 41.8 mA cm-2. The SnM-Bi2O3 catalyst also exhibits superior stability towards long-term electrolysis. The modification of Sn species not only helps to stabilize the reaction intermediate but also inhibits the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) pathway, achieving the synergetic enhancement of catalytic activity.

Domain III of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ie Toxin Plays an Important Role in Binding to Peritrophic Membrane of Asian Corn Borer.

The insecticidal IE648 toxin is a truncated Cry1Ie protein with increased toxicity against Asian corn borer (ACB). Cry toxins are pore-forming toxins that disrupt insect midgut cells to kill the larvae. However, the peritrophic membrane (PM) is an important barrier that Cry toxins must cross before binding to midgut cells. Previously, it was shown that Cry toxins are able to bind and accumulate in the PM of several lepidopteran insects. Binding of IE648 toxin to PM of ACB was previously reported and the goal of the current work was the identification of the binding region between Cry1Ie and the PM of ACB. Homologous competition binding assays showed that this interaction was specific. Heterologous competition binding assays performed with different fragments corresponding to domain I, domain II and domain III allowed us to identify that domain III participates in the interaction of IE648 with the PM. Specifically, peptide D3-L8 (corresponding to Cry1Ie toxin residues 607 to 616), located in an exposed loop region of domain III is probably involved in this interaction. Ligand blot assays show that IE648 interact with chitin and PM proteins with sizes of 30, 32 and 80 kDa. The fact that domain III interacts with proteins of similar molecular masses supports that this region of the toxin might be involved in PM interaction. These data provide for the first time the identification of domain III as a putative binding region between PM and 3D-Cry toxin.

The elimination of DNA from the Cry toxin-DNA complex is a necessary step in the mode of action of the Cry8 toxin.

Several crystal (Cry) proteins are known to occur as DNA-protein complexes. However, the role of the DNA associated with the activated toxin in the mechanism of action of the Cry toxin has long been ignored. Here, we focused on the DNA-activated Cry toxin complex. Both forms of the Cry8Ca2 and Cry8Ea1 toxins, i.e., with or without bound DNA, were separately obtained. Size-exclusion chromatography analysis indicated that the Cry8Ca2 toxin-DNA complex has a tight or compact structure. The Cry8Ca2 toxin-DNA complex is more likely to move toward the air/water interface and is more hydrophobic than the toxin without DNA. Competitive binding assays indicated that the Cry8Ca2 and Cry8Ea1 toxins without DNA specifically bind to the midgut of Anomala corpulenta and Holotrichia parallela larvae, respectively. In contrast, the association of DNA with each toxin might result in the nonspecific recognition of the Cry toxin and its target receptor in the insect midgut. The association of the DNA fragment with the Cry8 toxin was shown to protect the Cry protein from digestion by proteases. Based on our results, we propose an additional step in the mechanism of action of the Cry8 toxin and elucidate the function of the associated DNA as well as the importance of the removal of this DNA for the insecticidal activity of the toxin.

Luteimonas cucumeris sp. nov., isolated a from cucumber leaf.

A Gram-negative, aerobic and non-motile rod, designated Y4(T), was isolated from a cucumber leaf from Pinggu District, east Beijing, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain Y4(T) was most closely related to Luteimonas aquatica RIB1-20(T) (96.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). DNA-DNA relatedness between strain Y4(T) and L. aquatica RIB1-20(T) was 42.5 ± 3.9%. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C(15:0), iso-C(17:1)ω9c, iso-C(16:0) and iso-C(17:0). The major ubiquinone was Q-8. The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 69.9 mol%. Based on the evidence above, strain Y4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Luteimonas, for which the name Luteimonas cucumeris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Y4(T) ( = CGMCC 1.10821(T) = KCTC 23627(T)).