The influence of physical activity on internet addiction among Chinese college students: the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of gender.

OBJECTIVES: The significance of self-esteem in the relationship between physical activity and Internet addiction among college students cannot be over, as it lays a solid foundation for the prevention and control of Internet addiction. METHODS: A total of 950 college students were surveyed using the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R) through a cluster random sampling method. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, partial correlation analysis, mediation effect, moderation effect, and Bootstrap testing were conducted on the collected data to analyze and interpret the results. RESULTS: (1) Significant gender differences were found in the amount of physical activity and the degree of Internet addiction among college students(P&& lt;0.001); (2) Physical activity was significantly and positively correlated with self-esteem (r = 0.26, P < 0.001), but significantly and negatively correlated with Internet addiction (r=-0.23, P < 0.001); Meanwhile, self-esteem and Internet addiction were significantly and negatively related to self-esteem (r=-0.22, P < 0.001). (3) Mediating effect analyses showed that self-esteem played a partial mediating role in physical activity and Internet addiction among college students, accounting for a portion of 78.95%. (4) A moderating effect of gender on the relationship between physical activity and Internet addiction was discovered. CONCLUSION: The physical activity level of male students is significantly higher than that of female students, while the degree of internet addiction among female students is notably higher than that of male students. Physical activity can not only directly improve the issue of internet addiction among college students, but also indirectly improve it through self-esteem, with gender playing a moderating role in this process. This conclusion has practical reference significance for preventing and controlling internet addiction among college students, and provides evidence support for using physical activity as a reference solution in clinical applications. Additionally, it suggests that gender should be taken into account when preventing and intervening in internet addiction among college students, and different strategies and methods should be adopted for male and female students. Male students should be encouraged to participate more in physical activities, gradually increasing the frequency, duration, and intensity of their participation, in order to divert their attention and enhance their sense of achievement in sports, thereby reducing their use of mobile phones. For female students, on the other hand, it is important to strengthen real-life communication, change the form of sports participation, engage in group, collaborative, and different situational sports activities, and enhance their focus and attention in sports, in order to reduce their internet dependency, better guide them to use the internet reasonably, and enable them to achieve emotional release through sports.

Research progress on endogenous small-molecule phenolics and the proposal of "phenolomics" / 药学学报

Small-molecule phenolic substances widely exist in animals and plants, and have some shared biological activities. The metabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine in the human body, and especially the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters, produces endogenous small-molecule phenols. Endogenous small-molecule phenolic substances are functionally related to the important physiological processes and the occurrence of mental diseases in humans and some animals, which are systematically sorts and summarized in this review. Integrating the previous experimental research and literature analysis on natural small-molecule phenols by our research group, the understanding of the hypothesis that "small-molecule phenol are pharmacological signal carriers" was deepened. Based on above, the concept of "phenolomics" was further proposed, analyzed the research direction and research content which can bring into the knowledge framework of phenolomics. The induction of phenolomics will provide wider perspectives on explaining the pharmacological mechanism of drugs, discovering new drug targets, and finding biomarkers of mental diseases.

Valley-Hall alternatively changing conductivity in gapped and strained graphene.

We investigated the alternatively changing (ac) valley-Hall effect in a graphene/h-BN structure under the modulations of a static electric field E0, magnetic field B0, and light field EA1. The proximity to the h-BN film leads to a mass gap and strain-induced pseudopotential for electrons in graphene. Starting from the Boltzmann equation, we derive the ac conductivity tensor σ, including the orbital magnetic moment, Berry curvature, and anisotropic Berry curvature dipole. It is found that under B0 ≠ 0, σ for the two valleys can have different amplitudes and even have the same sign, leading to a net ac Hall conductivity. The ac Hall conductivities and the optical gain can be altered by both the amplitude and the direction of E0. These features can be understood from the changing rate of σ with E0 and B0, which is valley-resolved and varies nonlinearly with the chemical potential.

Optimization of extraction process for classic prescription Yihuang Decoction based on Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology, standard relation, and analytic hierarchy process combined with entropy weight method / 中国中药杂志

Based on the concept of quality by design(QbD), the Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology combined with standard relation(SR) and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-entropy weight method(EWM) was applied to optimize the extraction process of the classic prescription Yihuang Decoction. The content of geniposidic acid, phellodendrine hydrochloride, and berberine hydrochloride in Yihuang Decoction, the extract yield, and fingerprint similarity were used as the critical quality attributes(CQAs) of the extraction process. The extraction time, water addition, and extraction times were used as the critical process parameters(CPPs). After determining the levels of each factor and level through single-factor experiments, response surface experiments were designed according to the Box-Behnken principle, and the experimental results were analyzed. The SR between each sample and the reference sample under various evaluation indicators of different extraction parameters was calculated. The weights of the five evaluation indicators were determined using AHP-EWM, followed by comprehensive evaluation. A function model between CPPs and CQAs characterized by comprehensive scores was established to predict the optimal extraction process parameters. In the final comprehensive weight coefficients, the yield rate accounted for 43.1%, and the content of berberine hydrochloride, phellodendrine hydrochloride, and geniposidic acid accounted for 35.1%, 6.3%, and 15.5%, respectively. After comprehensive score analysis with SR, the established second-order polynomial model was statistically significant(P<0.01, and the lack of fit was not significant). The predicted optimal extraction conditions for Yihuang Decoction were determined as follows: 8-fold volume of water, extraction time of 1.5 h, and extraction once. The mean comprehensive score of the validation experiment was 85.77, with an RSD of 0.99%, and it met the quality control stan-dards for the reference sample of Yihuang Decoction. The results indicate that the optimized extraction process for Yihuang Decoction is stable and reliable, and the water extract is close in quality attributes to the reference sample. This can serve as a foundation for the research and development of granules in the future. Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology combined with SR and AHP-EWM can provide references for the modern extraction process research of other classic prescriptions.

Surgical treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis of extremities with MRSA infection / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize and discuss the clinical efficacy and application value of intravenous drip of linezolid combined with local targeted sustained-release of vancomycin in the treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis of extremities infected with MRSA.@*METHODS@#Thirty patients with traumatic osteomyelitis of extremities infected by MRSA from March 2015 to March 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, including 21 males and 9 females; aged 25 to 64 years old, with an average age of(47.94± 6.23) years old;the course of disease ranged from 9 to 23 months, with an average of (15.68±6.23) months. The lesions were located in tibia in 18 cases and calcaneus in 12 cases. The causes of injury were fall injury in 12 cases, trafficaccident injury in 9 cases and fall injury in 9 cases. There were 22 patients with closed fractures and 8 patients with open fractures. There were 13 cases of internal fixation. Twenty-two patients had sinustract, 8 patients had soft tissue defect with bone and internal fixation exposure, soft tissue defect area ranged from 2.0 cm × 3.0 cm to 8.2 cm × 12.3 cm;10 patients had bone defect, defect area ranged from 0.5 to 3.4 cm;bacterial culture of sinus tract or wound secretion in all patients was MRSA. On the basis of thorough debridement, calcium sulfate artificial bone loaded with vancomycin was implanted in the lesion, and linezolid and glucose injection was given intravenously during the perioperative period. The patients were followed up regularly according to the time of antibiotic use, blood routine, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, liver and kidney function and other related laboratory indexes, X-ray, CT and other imaging examinations, bone healing, flap survival, joint function and McKee's osteomyelitis cure criteria.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 3 to 6 years, with a mean of (4.23±0.76) years. No recurrence of osteomyelitis occurred. Fracture healing, infection control, wound healing and functional recovery were achieved.@*CONCLUSION@#Intravenous drip of linezolid combined with local targeted sustained-release of vancomycin for the treatment of MRSA infected traumatic osteomyelitis in limbs have significant effects and low recurrence rates.

A novel embolic microspheres with micro nano binary progressive structure for transarterial chemoembolization applications.

In this work, a novel embolic microspheres with micro nano binary progressive structure (MN-Ms) were developed for transarterial chemoembolization (TCE) applications. The Bletilla striata polysaccharide (Bsp) polymer can inhibit neovascularization and having a dimensional porous network structure, which as the first level of micron structure (microspheres) and will play a role on tumor embolization and inhibition of ischemia-induced neovascularization. The nano flexible liposomes which were embedded by the Bsp polymer microspheres as the second level nano structure to deliver drug across biological membrane barriers. And the micro nano binary progressive structure of MN-Ms was easily formed by using an emulsion crosslinking method. The MN-Ms appeared as perfect round shape with desired swelling and suspensibility characteristics, this was very convenient for embolizing operation by TCE. Due to the binary progressive structure, the MN-Ms could effectively site-specific delivery drug to the targeted liver tissue by enhancing the permeability of Sodium dimethyl-cantharidate (SC) across vessel walls & tissue matrix and delaying drug release at the site of administration, this caused the administrated SC mostly accumulated in the liver, also a higher cytotoxicity to human hepatoma cells. This work indicate that the MN-Ms may be a promising embolic agent for TCE applications for advanced liver cancer.

Surgical histopathologic findings of 232 Chinese children cases with drug-resistant seizures.

OBJECTIVES: The drug-resistant seizures are characterized by frequent and severe onset of seizures in childhood. There is only little literature had extensively explored the types of pathological brain damage in Chinese children cases. The present study aims to investigate the histopathologic findings and seizure outcomes of drug-resistant seizures in cases of 0-14-year-old children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: About 232 children cases were retrospectively who underwent epilepsy surgery. The medical records, onset age, age of surgery, disease course, seizure type, pathological reports, and seizure outcomes of these patients were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The most common categories were malformations of cortical development (focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) was the most common type (94.36%, 67/71), found in 30.60% of the patients, tumors in 18.11%, glial scar in 12.50%, and encephalitis in 11.63%). It was found that the effective seizure outcome of FCD cases with shorter duration of epilepsy (<2 years, 87.23%) was better than that with longer duration (≥2 years, 60.00%) and the difference was statistically significant (χ2  = 4.76, p < .05). Patients with FCD I, FCD II, and tumor showed the relatively better postsurgical seizure outcome than patients with other pathological types. CONCLUSION: The malformations of cortical development (MCD) (most FCD) were the most common pathological type for children cases in China with drug-resistant seizures. It was speculated further that the FCD patients with shorter duration of epilepsy before surgery seem to have a higher ratio of being seizure-free after surgery.

Comparable effects of Jiedu Granule, a compound Chinese herbal medicine, and sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective multicenter cohort study / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#Sorafenib has been extensively used for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and Chinese herbal medicine has also been used to manage advanced HCC. The present work evaluates the effectiveness and safety of Jiedu (JD) Granule, a compound of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, side-by-side with sorafenib for the treatment of advance HCC.@*METHODS@#Patients with advanced HCC receiving treatment with JD Granule or sorafenib were enrolled from December 2014 to March 2018. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to control for possible selection bias from the study group allocation process.@*RESULTS@#Of the 325 patients included, 161 received JD Granule and 164 received sorafenib. No significant differences were found in OS or PFS among patients receiving JD Granule compared to sorafenib (P > 0.05). Median OS of the two study groups was 6.83 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.83-9.47) in the group receiving JD Granule and 8 months (95% CI: 6.67-9.80) in the group receiving sorafenib, with half-, 1- and 2-year survival rates of 53.6%, 31.2% and 13.2% vs 60.1%, 35.5% and 14.2%, respectively. Even after PSM, the median survival time did not differ between the JD Granule group (9.03 months; 95% CI: 6.37-14.2) and the sorafenib group (7.93 months; 95% CI: 6.5-9.97), with comparable half-, 1- and 2-year survival rates. The most common adverse events (AEs) were diarrhea (13.7%) and fatigue (5.6%) in the JD Granule group, and hand-foot skin reaction (46.3%) and diarrhea (36.6%) in the sorafenib group. The JD Granule was more cost-effective than sorafenib treatment for advanced HCC.@*CONCLUSION@#Compared to sorafenib, JD Granule was more cost-effective and caused fewer AEs for the treatment of Chinese patients with advanced HCC.

Semiological characteristics and clinical application value of bilateral asymmetrical tonic seizures / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To illustrate the semiological characteristics of the three sub-types within the broad bilateral asymmetric tonic seizures (BATS),summarize their predictive values on lateralization and localization of seizure onset zone (SOZ),and analyze the difference between BATS and asymmetrical tonic limb posturing (ATLP).Methods A retrospective review of 385 patients who underwent stereotactic electrode implantation in the Sanbo Brain Hospital,Capital Medical University from September 2011 to May 2018 was performed.As long as there was a clinical epileptic seizure in the presence of BATS or ATLP,the patients were classified into the corresponding groups.Postoperative prognosis was assessed using Engel's grading criteria for a follow-up of no less than six months.Seizure descriptions were based on the classification of epileptic seizures introduced by Lüiders,which used arrows to connect the symptoms in chronological order.Results There was no statistically significant difference between the classic BATS and bilateral proximal tonic seizure in terms of whether it could be an independent seizure,as the onset and end of the seizure,with version and generalized tonic-clonic seizure (P＞0.05).Compared with the ATLP,except for whether it could be an independent seizure (P=1.000) and onset before versive seizure (P=0.068),the BATS showed significantly different semiological features (P＜0.05).The classic BATS and secondary motor area epilepsy had a 100.0％ predictive accuracy on the lateralization of SOZ.In the patients with broad BATS,the SOZ distribution was more extensive,but it was rare in the orbitofrontal gyrus,frontal pole and mesial temporal lobe.Compared with the bilateral proximal tonic seizures from the other regions,those originated from supplementary somatosensory motor area and its adjacent areas were rare and showed no statistically significant difference (0/8 vs 40.0％ (18/45),x2=3.226,P=0.072) but a low trend.The predictive value of BATS on lateralization of SOZ was higher than that of ATLP (84.9％ (45/53) vs 57.1％ (24/42),x2=9.086,P=0.003),and BATS was less originated from temporal lobe than ATLP (3.8％ (2/53) vs 23.8％ (10/42),x2=8.523,P=0.004).Conclusion Different from ATLP,the broad BATS are characterized by tonic proximal upper limb posturing,and have a higher predictive value on lateralization and localization of SOZ.

Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of primary liver cancer with integrative traditional Chinese and Western medicine / 中西医结合学报

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important part of the treatment of primary liver cancer (PLC) in China; however, the current instructions for the integrative use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for PLC are mostly based on expert opinion. There is no evidence-based guideline for clinical practice in this field. Therefore, the Shanghai Association of Chinese Integrative Medicine has established a multidisciplinary working group to develop this guideline, which focuses on the most important questions about the use of TCM during PLC treatment. This guideline was developed following the methodological process recommended by the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development. Two rounds of questionnaire survey were performed to identify clinical questions; published evidence was searched; the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to evaluate the body of evidence; and recommendations were formulated by combining the quality of evidence, patient preferences and values, and other risk factors. The guideline was written based on the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare tool. This guideline contains 10 recommendations related to 8 questions, including recommendations for early treatment by TCM after surgery, TCM combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for advanced PLC, TCM drugs for external use, and acupuncture and moxibustion therapy.

Protective effect of Dendrobium candidum on isoproterenol induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats / 中国中药杂志

To study the effect and mechanism of Dendrobium candidum on isoproterenol-induced myocardial hypertrophy in rats, 60 healthy SD rats(30 males and 30 females) were randomly divided into 5 groups(12 in each group): normal group, model group, three D. candidum preventive administration groups(0.09, 0.18, 1.1 g·kg⁻¹). Except for the normal group, rats of other groups were injected back subcutaneously with ISO(5 mg·kg⁻¹) for 10 consecutive days. At the same time, preventive administration groups began to give different doses of the sample for 30 days and model group began to give normal saline. Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP) was measured in each group by common carotid artery cannulation, and the left ventricle(LW)/tibia length, heart weight index(HWI) and myocardial hydroxyproline(Hydro) content were calculated. Myocardial tissue HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the myocardial structure and the degree of myocardial fibrosis respectively. Atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP), brain natriuretic peptide(BNP), and cardiac troponin I(cTN-I) concentration were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The results showed that as compared with the normal group, the levels of ANP, BNP and cTN-I in plasma were significantly increased in ISO-induced hypertrophic rats; as compared with the model group, D. candidumcan inhibit ISO-induced ventricular pressure and ventricular hypertrophy, reduce myocardial collagen synthesis, improve myocardial fibrosis and ventricular remodeling, and significantly down-regulate ANP, BNP and cTN-I levels in plasma. This study shows that D. candidum has a protective effect on isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Application of Single Solid State Nanopore / Nanochannel Based on Polymer Membrane and Glass Nanopipette in Analytical Chemistry / 分析化学

Nanopore / nanochannel sensing technique drawing more attention in analytical chemistry due to its unique advantages and the fabricated electrochemical sensors and electrochemical responsive gates have been widely used for more target detection, including single molecule protein and DNA sequencing. Nanopore /nanochannel that used for fabricating electrochemical detection system is mainly divided into biological nanopore and solid state nanopore, and among them, solid state nanopore / nanochannel has a wide range of application due to its inherent properties, such as easy for modification, good mechanical property and stability. Resistive pulse sensing and current-voltage curves (ion current rectification) are two main methods of nanopore / nanochannel sensing technique used for target analysis, so in this review, we introduced the fundamentals and applications of nanopore sensing technique based on the above two methods. In addition, we concluded the application and development of single state nanopore / nanochannel in recent years, and also gave a brief look at the future challenges and prospects in the development of this field.

Modified one-stage revision procedure for treating proximal femoral infected nonunion after intramedullary nail fixation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the methods and results of modified one-stage revision procedure for treating proximal femoral infected nonunion after intramedullary nail fixation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2010 to June 2015, 10 patients of proximal femoral infected nonunion after intramedullary nail fixation were treated with modified one-stage revision procedure, including 9 males and 1 female, ranging in age from 35 to 77 years old. There were 3 cases of intertrochanteric fractures, 2 cases of intertrochanteric fractures accompanied with proximal femoral fractures and 5 cases of subtrochaneric fracures. The fractures ware fixed by LISS plate after radically debridement. The bone defects were repaired by free vascularized fibular graft and autogenous cancellous bone graft mixed artificial bone containing antibiotics. Postoperatively, ambulation without weight bearing was encouraged as early as possible.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ten patients were followed up from 9 to 30 months and all nonunions healed smoothly without wound infection recurrence or internal fixation failure at the final follow-up. The time for full weight bearing was from 12 to 28 weeks. The hip joint function was evaluated by Sanders Traumatic Hip Rating Scale, the result was excellent in 7 cases, good in 2, and fair in 1 at the final follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Modified one-stage revision procedure is an effective treatment with a good functional result for proximal femoral infected nonunion after intramedullary nail fixation. On the basis of radical debridement, the combination of infection control and bone healing therapeutic techniques is key for success.</p>

Comparison of clinical effects between anterior cervical discectomy combined with corpectomy and cervical posterior single open-door laminoplasty in treating three-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical effects between anterior cervical discectomy and fusion(ACDF) combined with anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion(ACCF) and cervical posterior single open-door laminoplasty with mini-titanium plate fixation in treating three-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 63 patients (39 males and 24 females) with three-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent surgical treatment from March 2014 to March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 43 cases were treated by ACDF combined with ACCF(anterior group), and 20 cases were treated by cervical posterior single open-door laminoplasty with mini-titanium plate fixation(posterior group). Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications were compared between two groups. And according to JOA score to evaluate the clinical effect.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were follow-up from 16 to 40 months with an average of 25.8 months. Operative time of anterior group and posterior group were (123.70±6.21) min and(118.70±5.41) min, respectively, there was no significant difference between two groups(>0.05). Intraoperative blood loss of anterior group and posterior group were (85.23±7.51) ml and (107.18±9.41) ml, respectively, there was significant difference between two groups(<0.05). In anterior group, axial symptoms occurred in 6 cases, dysphagia in 1 case, and no C₅ nerve root palsy, hoarseness and choking cough were found, the incidence rate of complication was 16.3%(7/43); and in posterior group, axial symptoms occurred in 5 cases, C5 nerve root palsy in 1 case, and no dysphagia, hoarseness and choking cough were found, the incidence rate of complication was 30.0%(6/20); there was significant defference in incidence rate of complication between two group(<0.05). At 1 week after operation and final follow-up, the JOA scores of anterior group were obviously better than that of posterior group(<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Above-mintioned two surgical treatment for cervical spondylotic myelopathy can provide instantly stability, the method of ACDF combined with ACCF was obviously better that of the method of cervical posterior single open-door laminoplasty in intraoperative blood loss, the incidence rate of complications, clinical effect.Thus, for the treatment of three-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy, the method of ACDF combined with ACCF would be firstly chosen.</p>

Contralateral head leading turning accompanied by ipsilateral eye staring in a patient with seizure onset from posterior inferior temporal sulcus, a SEEG case report

The epileptic eye and head movements during epileptic seizures may be much more complicated thanpeople originally understood, which can be ipsilateral or contralateral to the electroencephalographyfocus. Here, we describe a male patient with drug resistant focal seizures associated with a directionalseparation between head and eye movement before evolving into generalized tonic-clonic seizure.His contralateral head leading turning showed forced, sustained, and unnatural features companiedby ipsilateral eye staring. Stereoeletroencephalography monitoring was performed, and 4 habitualseizures were recorded over 5 days. Three seizures showed left head leading turning and generalizedtonic-clonic seizure, and only one showed dizziness and ringing in the ears. All the seizures showedthat the ictal onset contacts were located in the posterior inferior temporal sulcus which borders onthe anterolateral part of medial superior temporal area. The patient underwent a resection includingtemporooccipital region, and the histopathology showed focal cortical dysplasia type Ic. He has beenseizure free for two years after operation. The scores of the intelligence and memory quotient improvedhalf year after operation.

Comparison study of time course of DKI and DTI in stroke / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To evaluate the changes of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) parameters with time in cerebral in farction patients,and contrast with diffusion tensor imaging (DWI).Methods DWI and DKI scans were performed in 95 patients of cerebral infarction.The patients were divided into five groups according to the time of cerebral infarction:Hyperacute phase (n=10),acute phase (n=12),early subacute phase (n =33),late subacute phase (n =20) and chronic phase (n =20).Parameters of DKI were obtained,and the parameters and percentage change of diffusion metrics from normal to ischemic tissue were compared.The evolution rule of parameter with time was analyzed.Results Mean kurtosis (MK),axial kurtosis (K//),radial kurtosis (K⊥) of DKI parameters increased after infarction,and reached the peak at acute phase,and decreased gradually with the prolonging of time.Mean diffusion (MD),axial diffusion (D//),radial diffusion (D⊥) of DTI parameters decreased after infarction,and reached the lowest at the acute phase,and increased gradually with the prolonging of time.The percentage change of MK,K//,K⊥ were higher than those of MD,D//,D⊥,and percent change along the axial direction were significantly larger than that along the radial direction.Conclusion DKI is superior to DTI in evaluating cerebral infarction,and can analyze the changes of microstructure of cerebral infarction comprehensively.

Neuropathologic findings in intractable epilepsy: a clinicopathologic analysis of 822 cases / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of intractable epilepsy.@*Methods@#Based on the classification criteria proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), a retrospective analysis of the pathological characteristics was done in 822 patients who underwent epilepsy surgery in Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June 2008 to December 2012.@*Results@#The mean age of epilepsy onset was 9.9 years, mean duration of epilepsy was 11.9 years. Complex partial seizures were the main presenting features. Histopathological study showed 33 cases (4.01%) with mild forms of cortical malformations, 690 cases (83.94%) with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and 99 cases with others (including 39 pure hippocampal sclerosis, 20 cystosclerosis, 19 Sturge-Weber syndrome, 8 tuberous sclerosis complex, 6 without significant pathological changes, 5 gyral malformations and 2 hamartoma). Among the 690 FCD cases, 106 were FCD typeⅠ, 91 were FCD typeⅡ and 493 were FCDⅢ(Ⅲa: 160, Ⅲb: 106, Ⅲc: 26 and Ⅲd: 201).@*Conclusions@#FCDⅢd is the most common histopathological subtype causing intractable epilepsy, mainly due to focal hypoxia/ischemia in the perinatal period, which results in scarring of local brain tissue; this is followed by other isolated forms of FCD (FCDⅠand FCDⅡ), and then FCD Ⅲa and FCD Ⅲb. The reason to distinguish isolated forms of FCD (types Ⅰ and Ⅱ) from FCD Ⅲ and to subclassify FCD Ⅲ is to allow better definition of cortical dyslamination. Therefore, the pathogenic factors of intractable epilepsy can be grouped in greater details, and facilitate the diagnosis and potential curative treatment of intractable epilepsy.

Total thigh musculocutaneous flap in reconstruction of refractory pressure ulcers around hips in patients with spinal cord injury / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the treatment of life-threatening refractory pressure ulcers around hips in patients with spinal cord injuries(SCI)and evaluate its clinical outcomes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2012 to June 2015, eight paraplegic patients with life-threatening refractory pressure ulcers around hips were treated with total thigh musculocutaneous flaps following amputation of proximal femurs or hips, including 7 males and 1 female with an average age of (52.0±2.6) years old ranging from 35 to 68. The coures of disease was from 10 months to 7 years with a mean of(2.9±0.2) years. All the 8 patients had compound ulcers of more than two parts, 7 cases had hip infection on the same side. The area of superficial wounds ranged from 3.0 cm×3.0 cm to 12.0 cm×15.0 cm. The clinical effects were evaluated according to infection controlling, wound healing, improving of nutrition and life quality of patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patient were followed up for 3 months to 2 years with an average of 1.3 years. All flaps survived, 5 cases obtained wound healing at one-stage, 2 cases had wound dehiscence and the wounds were closed after a second operation, 1 case had partial flap necrosis which was healed by dressing change, 1 case had urethral injury that was repaired in operation. All wounds were cured successfully without infection and ulcer recurrence during the follow-up period. The nutrition and quality of life of all cases improved observably after operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The total thigh musculocutaneous flap is effective to reconstruct the refractory pressure ulcers around hip of patient with SCI. It can rescue life at the cost of losing one lower limb. It is an operation of last resort for the patients.</p>

Review on anxiolytic effect of natural small-molecule phenols / 中国中药杂志

Phenolic compounds have multiple bioactivities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Recent literatures have demonstrated that flavonoids have a significant anti-anxiety effect on the central nervous system. In addition, studies showed that flavonoids acted as pro-drugs, which were transformed into smaller phenols through intestinal microflora. The small phenolic metabolites were crucial for the anxiolytic effects of these flavonoids, indicating that natural small-molecule phenols(NSMP) generally have anxiolytic activities. In this paper, the supporting evidences (before June 2016) from SciFinder database have been summarized. Furthermore, NSMPs were classified according to chemical structures; their anxiolytic effects, mechanisms, and the structure-activity relationships were also discussed.

Surgical treatment and construction for traumatic floating shoulder / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore surgical therapeutic strategies and clinical effects for floating shoulder injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2010 to December 2013, 12 patients with floating shoulder injury were treated by open reduction and plate screw fixation,including 10 males and 2 females aged from 22 to 45 years old with an average of 31.7 years old. Preoperative X-ray and CT showed 11 cases were ipsilateral clavicle fracture with scapular neck fractures, 1 case was scapular neck fracture with ipsilateral acromioclavicular dislocation. Postoperative complications were observed and Herscvici functional scoring were used to evaluate clinical effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twelve patients were followed up from 8 to 26 months (averaged 15 months). All patients obtained bone union, and no inflammation, loosening and breakage of plate and screw were found. According to Herscvici scoring, 9 cases got excellent results, 2 good and 1 moderate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Reconstruction of anatomical structure and stability of floating shoulder joint injury could shorten time of shoulder joint brake and fixation, then got excellent clinical outcomes.</p>