Researching on the compliance of epilepsy patients of the Phenobarbital Epilepsy Management Project in a rural area of China: A retrospective study.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to explore the compliance of epilepsy patients in the Phenobarbital Epilepsy Management Project in a rural area of China and its influencing factors, so as to provide the basis for further strategies.A retrospective study researching on the compliance of epilepsy patients in the Phenobarbital Epilepsy Management Project of Rural China was conducted. The Nan County, Hunan Province as a typical rural China was selected as the study site. We collected the compliance and other relative factors from 2017 to 2019 though the Phenobarbital Epilepsy Management Project data system.The good compliance patients in the Phenobarbital Epilepsy Management Project in a rural area of China were 98.99% (393/397); only 4 cases had poor compliance. The factors affecting the compliance of epilepsy patients were "adverse reactions of digestive tract symptoms," "how the patient felt physically, mentally, or working and learning ability during this period," and "the ratio of the attack to the previous one."The rate of good compliance among the epilepsy patients in the Phenobarbital Epilepsy Management Project in a rural area of China was high. More attention to education, patients' psychology, and the curative effect of family members may improve the compliance of patients with epilepsy further.

Association between cigarette smoking and the risk of dysmenorrhea: A meta-analysis of observational studies.

BACKGROUND: Emerging studies have found inconsistent results on the potential relationship between cigarette smoking and dysmenorrhea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantitatively synthesize the previous findings on the preceding relationship using meta-analysis. METHODS: Previous studies on the association between cigarette smoking and dysmenorrhea, published not later than November 2019, were systematically searched, using MeSH heading and/or relevant terms, in the electronic databases of PubMed, Medline, Web of Science and EMBASE. The I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity, whose source was explored using subgroup analysis. A pooled effect size was obtained using random effects model, and sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the consistency of the pooled effect size. RESULTS: After a rigorous screening process, 24 studies involving 27,091 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results indicated that smokers were 1.45 times more likely to develop dysmenorrhea than non-smokers (odds ratio (OR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30-1.61). In addition, individuals classified as currently smoking were 1.50 times more likely to develop dysmenorrhea than those who were classified as never smoking (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.33-1.70), whereas being a former smoker was 1.31 times more likely to develop dysmenorrhea than being a never smoker (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.18-1.46). Sensitivity analysis showed that exclusion of any single study did not materially alter the overall combined effect. CONCLUSION: The evidence from this meta-analysis indicated a significant association between cigarette smoking (both current and former smoking) and dysmenorrhea. The adverse effects of smoking provide further support for prevention of dysmenorrhea and emphasize the need to target women.

Effect of Exposure to Famine during Early Life on Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Adulthood: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Emerging studies have explored the association between the famine exposure during early life and the risk of the metabolic syndrome, and the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to summarize the famine effects on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adulthood. Materials and Methods. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure for relevant studies up to December 2019. Pooled odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the effect exposure to famine on MetS using a random-effects model, and the I 2 was used to evaluate the heterogeneity. RESULTS: The analyses included 39 studies from 10 articles with a total of 81504 participants. Fourteen studies from 10 articles for fetal famine exposure, 20 studies from 7 articles for childhood famine exposure, and 5 studies from 3 articles for adolescence/adult famine exposure were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with a nonexposed group, famine exposure significantly increased the risk of MetS for early life famine exposure (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.18-1.38), fetal famine exposure (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.14-1.43), and childhood famine exposure (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.16-1.44). Subgroup analyses showed that the result was consistent regardless of the study designs, definitions of MetS, and causes of famine, with or without adjustment for age, smoking, drinking, and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that exposure to famine during early life may increase the risk of MetS in adulthood.

Study on chemical constituents from Chloranthus multistachys / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the chemical constituents from the shoots of Chloranthus multistachys.All compounds wereisolated by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, reversed-phase HPLC, and other methods.Their structures were elucidated by the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry, and other modernspectroscopies.As a result, 19 compounds were isolated from the shoots of C.multistachys and identified as zederoneepoxide(1), chlomultin C(2), curcolonol(3), sarcaglaboside A(4), zedoarofuran(5), (1E,4Z)-8-hydroxy-6-oxogermacra-1(10), 4,7(11)-trieno-12,8-lactone(6), chloranoside A(7), istanbulin A(8), (8α)-6,8-dihydroxycadina-7(11),10(15)-dien-12-oicacid-γ-lactone(9), codonolactone(10), lasianthuslactone A(11), 12,15-epoxy-5αH,9βH-labda-8(17),13-dien-19-oicacid(12), 12R,15-dihydroxylabda-8(17),13E-dien-19-oicacid(13), N-transcinnamoyltyramine(14), trans-N-p-coumaroyltyramine(15), dibutyl phthalate (16), flavokawain A(17), bergenin(18), and enedione(19).Compounds 1, 2, 4, 7-10, 12-19 were isolated from C.multistachys for the first time and compounds 14-19 were obtained from the genus Chloranthus for the first time.

Chemical constituents in lindenane-type sesquiterpene dimers in roots of Chloranthus multistachys / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents contained in the ethanol extracts from the roots of Chloranthus multistachys. Methods: Twelve compounds were separated from the roots of C. multistachys and their structures were identified by using various chromatographic techniques. Results: The structures of the 12 lindenane-type sesquiterpene dimmers from the chloroform and ethyl acetate extract in the roots of C. multistachys were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data as 9-O-β-glucopyranosylcycloshizukaol A (1), cycloshizukaol A (2), shizukaol B (3), shizukaol C (4), shizukaol D (5), shizukaol F (6), shizukaol G (7), chloramultiol B (8), sarcandrolide B (9), sarglabolide I (10), 8-O-methyltianmushanol (11), and henriol B (12). Conclusion: Compounds 1, 7, and 9-12 are isolated from the roots C. multistachys for the first time and compounds 9 and 10 are obtained from the plants of Chloranthus Sw. for the first time.