A Scoping Review on Work Experiences of Nurses After Being Diagnosed With Cancer.

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION: To map key concepts underpinning work-related studies about nurses with cancer and identify knowledge gaps. LITERATURE REVIEW: A search was conducted in the PubMed®, CINAHL®, and PsycINFO® databases for articles about nurses with cancer and work-related topics published through March 2023. DATA EVALUATION: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist was used to report results, and the JBI critical appraisal tools were used to assess the quality of studies. Eleven articles were included. SYNTHESIS: The following four critical concepts were identified: role adjustments at work, cancer impacts on work, organizational support, and translating insights gained from cancer experience into work. Research gaps identified by the scoping review were a lack of theoretical or conceptual frameworks, lack of syntheses of main ideas, and lack of clear data about participants' socioeconomic status across studies. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH: Minimal research exists to map predictors, outcomes, or intervention targets to guide organizational strategies to support nurses' retention in the nursing workforce. A guiding framework, recruitment of diverse nurses, and focus on the four critical concepts identified in this scoping review are suggested for future research.

Shift work organization on nurse injuries: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Extended work hours and shift work can result in mistimed sleep, excessive sleepiness, and fatigue, which affects concentration and cognition. Impaired concentration and cognition negatively affect employee safety. OBJECTIVE: To examine the evidence of the impact of shift work organization, specifically work hours and scheduling, on nurse injuries including needlestick and sharps injuries, drowsy driving and motor vehicle crashes, and work-related accidents causing a near miss or actual injury to the nurse. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted using search results from five bibliographic databases. RESULTS: Through database searching, 7788 articles were identified. During the title and abstract screening, 5475 articles were excluded. Full text screening eliminated 1971 articles. During the data extraction phase, 206 articles were excluded leaving 34 articles from 14 countries in the scoping review. The results of the review suggest a strong association in nurses between long work hours and overtime and an increased risk for needlestick and sharps injuries, drowsy driving and motor vehicle crashes, and other work-related accidents. Rotating shifts increase the risk for needlestick and sharps injuries and other work-related accidents while night and rotating shifts increase the risk for drowsy driving and motor vehicle crashes. CONCLUSIONS: Proper management of work hours and scheduling is essential to maximize recovery time and reduce or prevent nurse injuries. Nurse leaders, administrators, and managers, have a responsibility to create a culture of safety. This begins with safe scheduling practices, closely monitoring for near miss and actual nurse injuries, and implementing evidence-based practice strategies to reduce these occurrences.

Teaching Workplace Interprofessional Communication to Undergraduate Nursing Students.

BACKGROUND: Patient safety may be compromised by ineffective communication. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing's Baccalaureate Nursing (BSN) Essentials state that effective communication skills are vital for nursing students to deliver safe patient care. METHOD: Faculty developed materials-including trigger videos-to teach nursing students effective communication in response to difficult workplace conversations. Students were surveyed after instruction and viewing scenarios demonstrating difficult conversations. Students prepared smartphone videos using scripting and received feedback from faculty and peers. RESULTS: Increased comfort in addressing difficult conversations was noted for communication following medication errors (p = .011) and bullying (p < .001) scenarios. Students were likely to report delegation issues (p < .001) yet were less sure about reporting medication errors (p < .001) or bullying (p < .001). Students were less likely to use avoidance in addressing bullying (p = .015) but were unsure if they would avoid addressing medication errors (p = .004). CONCLUSION: The project provided innovative strategies to teach effective communication to nursing students. [J Nurs Educ. 2019;58(9):538-542.].

A Quality Improvement Project to Improve Education Provided by Nurses to ED Patients Prescribed Opioid Analgesics at Discharge.

BACKGROUND: The opioid crisis continues to take an unprecedented number of lives and is the top cause of injury death in the United States. The emergency department is a setting where patients with pain seek care and may be prescribed an opioid, yet many patients do not receive evidence-based education about taking their opioid safely. Like many communities across the country, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, has experienced an increased rate of opioid overdoses; from 2015-2016, the number of opioid-related overdose deaths in the county increased by 44%. METHODS: This quality improvement project is the implementation of a nurse-delivered, evidence-based education initiative for patients prescribed an opioid in an emergency department. Nurses were briefly trained on opioid safety and patient education, then over 12 weeks, delivered the dual-modal (verbal and written) education with a patient teach-back to verify comprehension. RESULTS: Nurses who completed the project training on opioid safety and patient education had a statistically significant improvement in their knowledge. Patient satisfaction surveys showed 100% of patients reported clear understanding of how to take their pain medication, and out of the patients receiving the opioid pain education for the first time, 88.2% learned something new about how to safely take, store, or dispose of their pain medication. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Improving the delivery of opioid prescription education at emergency department discharge will enhance patient knowledge and promote safety, which may help mitigate the opioid crisis by reducing the rate of opioid use disorder and accidental overdoses.

Oral Agents for Cancer Treatment: Effective Strategies to Assess and Enhance Medication Adherence.

As cancer treatment shifts to a combination of oral and intravenous agents for systemic treatment, health care professionals must adapt with practice changes aimed at supporting patients and optimizing adherence. Moving toward a shared decision-making model or a personal systems approach is a potential mechanism to minimize barriers and enhance facilitators to oral treatment adherence. Additional research is needed to understand what works for patients and how health care providers can change systems and care strategies to support patients with the ultimate goal of improved patient care and outcomes.

Oncology End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium training program: improving palliative care in cancer.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To describe an evaluation of the oncology version of the End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC-Oncology) training program, which is designed to provide oncology nurses with the knowledge and materials necessary to disseminate palliative care information to their colleagues in local chapters of the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS). DATA SOURCES: Participant reports. DATA SYNTHESIS: 124 nurses representing 74 ONS chapters attended the first two courses. Dyads of ONS members from local chapters applied to attend ELNEC and completed surveys regarding their goals and expectations for implementing end-of-life (EOL) education and training after completion of the program. Participants educated more than 26,000 nurses after attending the program, including 7,593 nurses within their ONS chapters and 18,517 colleagues within their workplaces. Barriers to implementation included a lack of funding and time constraints. Participants sought additional palliative care learning opportunities, including attending other workshops, subscribing to palliative care journals, and becoming involved in committees focused on palliative care. CONCLUSION: The ELNEC-Oncology program is a national collaboration with ONS that provides oncology nurses with the tools and expertise to effectively disseminate palliative care content to colleagues within their local chapters and work settings. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: EOL care information remains critical to the science of oncology nursing, and ELNEC-Oncology provides an effective strategy for disseminating the information.