Evaluation of Male Circumcision: Retrospective Analysis of One Hundred and Ninety-eight Patients.

Introduction Circumcision is the oldest and most frequently used surgical procedure. It dates back to at least 10,000 years from today. The debate on the benefits and necessity of circumcision is ongoing. In this study, we aimed to determine the complications and complication rate of circumcisions occurring in our circumcision clinic and to compare these with the complication rates in the world. Methods A total of 198 male patients circumcised between 2011 at 2019 at Bursa State Hospital was enrolled in the presented retrospective study. Demographic data of the patients were assessed and the height and weight of the patients were evaluated according to the child growth standards and weight for age percentile charts for boys of the World Health Organization (WHO). All early or late complications were noted after circumcision. Results The mean age of the patients was 93.57±40.12 (2-248) months. The mean follow-up time was 16.32±9.24 (2-35) months. Sixteen patients had bleeding, four patients had a penile hematoma, and 108 patients had penile edema. There is no statistically significant difference in the penile edema occurrence according to the weight of the patients (p=0.58).  Conclusion Circumcision is a frequently applied procedure. Like any other surgery, perioperative and postoperative complications can be observed. More importantly, a significant number of these complications can be prevented by careful surgery and postoperative care.

Association Between Hemorrhoids and Lower Extremity Chronic Venous Insufficiency.

Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of varicose veins among patients with hemorrhoidal disease and to compare its incidence reported in various community-based studies. Method The study group comprised of 100 patients who underwent surgery for symptomatic internal or external hemorrhoids; the control group consisted of 100 volunteers who received no prior therapy for hemorrhoidal disease and lacked any symptoms or findings suggestive of this condition. Subjects in both the groups were inquired with respect to their demographic data and risk factors. Both groups were asked to stand for two minutes before performing leg examinations while still in the standing position. The findings were recorded for both the groups. Varicose veins were classified according to the clinical appearance section of the Clinical, Etiologic, Anatomic, and Pathophysiologic (CEAP) classification that was developed by the 1994 American Venous Forum. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to age and body mass index (BMI). Significant relationships were identified between the groups with respect to the incidence of varicose veins and chronic constipation. The incidence of C1 and C2 varicose veins observed in the study group was higher than that observed in the control group. The incidence of chronic constipation was higher in the study group than that in the control group. Discussion Lower extremity chronic venous insufficiency is more common in patients with hemorrhoidal disease which increases intra-abdominal pressure. A chronic increase in this pressure causes conditions, such as constipation, which trigger both lower extremity chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoidal disease.

Intrapelvic Localised Hydatid Cyst.

Hydatid cysts, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is an important health problem in endemic areas. The disease can localize most commonly in the liver and lungs. Primary pelvic involvement is a rare condition. In this case report, we aimed to present a 75-year-old male patient with a pelvic mass, which was diagnosed preoperatively as a hydatid cyst.

An Unusual Method for Controlling Bile Leak from an Immature T-tube Fistula.

T-tubes have been used by surgeons for the decompression of the choledocus for over a hundred years. Errors in the operative technique and patient-related risk factors, such as immune comprehensive therapy, diabetes mellitus, steroid drug usage, T-tube morphology, T-tube material, and the T-tube extraction technique, are some of the factors that affect the risk of bile leak. In most cases, a surgical approach is required. Herein, we present a case of bile leak after T-tube removal and an unusual solution to this difficult complication.

A Rare Pathology Mimicking the Gallstone: Heterotopic Pancreas in the Gallbladder.

The placement of pancreatic tissue in an organ outside the pancreas is called pancreatic heterotopy. Heterotopic pancreatic (HP) tissue is frequently observed in the stomach and duodenum, while the gallbladder is an extremely rare localization. In this article, we present pancreatic heterotopy located in the gallbladder, a rarely observed embryologic anomaly, with the study of two cases and a review of the literature.

Skin Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Metastasis of renal cell carcinoma is seen in approximately 25% of all cases. Rarely, they can appear in unusual sites. Herein, we present a 40-year-old female patient with an itching scalp mass. The mass appeared one year after the nephrectomy performed for a right renal cell carcinoma. Computed tomography scans have not identified any metastasis during the postoperative evolution of the disease. We excised the mass with a large surgical margin under local anesthesia. Pathological examination of the lesion diagnosed metastasis of clear cell carcinoma. Our case is not just the rare metastatic site but also the fact that the tumor appeared despite its low grade (T2N0MO). Unfortunately, the prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with skin metastasis is in most cases unfavorable. We believe that our case could add more information to the following measures, complete the frame of rare oncologic cases and consolidate the data published on the topic so far. Although skin metastases are a poor sign of progression, disease-free follow-up is possible after appropriate surgical excision.