Built environment and physical activity in adolescents: Use of the kernel density estimation and the walkability index.

The availability of places for physical activity (PA) and the walkability of the neighborhood can impact the level of PA of adolescents. However, studies of this nature are still limited in Latin America. This study had two objectives: 1- using kernel density estimative, it investigated whether individuals living near PA places that are more intensely distributed than dispersed are more likely to be sufficiently active; 2-checked whether adolescents who live in neighborhoods with better walkability have a greater chance of being sufficiently active. Were evaluated 292 adolescents and PA was measured by accelerometry. Were measured five environmental variables for composing the walkability index. 98 PA points (places) were identified and destinations within these areas were geocoded and kernel density estimates (KDE) of places intensity were created using kernels (radius) of 400m (meters), 800, 1200 and 1600m. Using Logistic Regression, the association between the intensity of PA places (classified into quartiles Q1(smallest)-Q4(largest)) and the probability of being "Sufficient PA"; and the association between walkability (quartiles Q1(least)-Q4(highest)) and the probability of being "PA Sufficient " were estimated (p≤0.05). There were associations only for the intensities of places with the largest radius. Among adolescents who lived in places with higher intensity compared with lower intensity places: 1200m (Q3, OR 2.18 95% CI 1.12-4.22; Q4, OR 2.77 95% CI 1.41-5.43) and 1600m (Q3, OR 3.68 95%CI 1.86-7.30; Q4, OR 3.69 95%CI 1.86-7.30) were more likely to be "Sufficient PA". There were also associations for walkability, where those living in places with better walkability (Q4, OR 2.58 95% CI 1.33-5.02) had greater chances of being "Sufficient PA" compared to Q1. In conclusion, living in places with bigger densities and better walkability increases adolescent's chances of being "Sufficient PA".

Characteristics and counseling strategies for physical activity used by primary health care professionals. / Características e estratégias de aconselhamento para atividade física utilizadas por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde.

This study aim to describe the characteristics and strategies of counseling for physical activity used by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals. A survey was carried out with 587 (85.4% women) health professionals who work in PHC in Florianopolis, in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Counseling carried out in the last 12 months was considered. Operational aspects related to counseling practices and strategies used for counseling were evaluated. The frequency of physical activity guidance was 86.2% (95%CI = 83.2-88.8%). Counseling was characterized as a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations, aimed at adults and the older adults and people with morbidities. The most used strategy was to guide users to participate in physical activity groups at the Health Center (89.5%) and in relation to the 5As method, giving some "advice" was the most used strategy (99.0%) and the least used. used was to follow strategies (22.6%). Counseling for physical activity has been based on a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations and focused on people with morbidities and on adults and the elderly. The strategies used do not seem to cover the full care of the advised users.

O estudo buscou descrever as características e estratégias de aconselhamento para atividade física utilizadas por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde (APS). Foi realizada uma pesquisa com 587 profissionais de saúde (85,4% mulheres) que atuam na APS de Florianópolis, no estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Foram considerados os aconselhamentos efetuados nos últimos 12 meses, avaliando-se aspectos operacionais relacionados às práticas e estratégias utilizadas. A frequência de orientação de atividade física foi de 86,2% (IC95% = 83,2-88,8%). O aconselhamento se caracterizou como uma prática breve, realizada em consultas individuais, voltadas para adultos e idosos e pessoas com morbidades. A estratégia mais utilizada foi orientar usuários a participarem de grupos de atividade física no Centro de Saúde (89,5%), e em relação ao método 5As, dar algum "conselho" foi a estratégia mais utilizada (99,0%), e a menos utilizada foi seguir estratégias (22,6%). Aconselhamento para atividade física tem sido baseado em uma prática breve, realizada em consultas individuais e focada em pessoas com morbidades e em adultos e idosos. As estratégias utilizadas parecem não abranger o cuidado integral dos usuários aconselhados.

Características e estratégias de aconselhamento para atividade física utilizadas por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde / Characteristics and counseling strategies for physical activity used by primary health care professionals

Resumo O estudo buscou descrever as características e estratégias de aconselhamento para atividade física utilizadas por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde (APS). Foi realizada uma pesquisa com 587 profissionais de saúde (85,4% mulheres) que atuam na APS de Florianópolis, no estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Foram considerados os aconselhamentos efetuados nos últimos 12 meses, avaliando-se aspectos operacionais relacionados às práticas e estratégias utilizadas. A frequência de orientação de atividade física foi de 86,2% (IC95% = 83,2-88,8%). O aconselhamento se caracterizou como uma prática breve, realizada em consultas individuais, voltadas para adultos e idosos e pessoas com morbidades. A estratégia mais utilizada foi orientar usuários a participarem de grupos de atividade física no Centro de Saúde (89,5%), e em relação ao método 5As, dar algum "conselho" foi a estratégia mais utilizada (99,0%), e a menos utilizada foi seguir estratégias (22,6%). Aconselhamento para atividade física tem sido baseado em uma prática breve, realizada em consultas individuais e focada em pessoas com morbidades e em adultos e idosos. As estratégias utilizadas parecem não abranger o cuidado integral dos usuários aconselhados.

Abstract This study aim to describe the characteristics and strategies of counseling for physical activity used by Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals. A survey was carried out with 587 (85.4% women) health professionals who work in PHC in Florianopolis, in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Counseling carried out in the last 12 months was considered. Operational aspects related to counseling practices and strategies used for counseling were evaluated. The frequency of physical activity guidance was 86.2% (95%CI = 83.2-88.8%). Counseling was characterized as a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations, aimed at adults and the older adults and people with morbidities. The most used strategy was to guide users to participate in physical activity groups at the Health Center (89.5%) and in relation to the 5As method, giving some "advice" was the most used strategy (99.0%) and the least used. used was to follow strategies (22.6%). Counseling for physical activity has been based on a brief practice, carried out in individual consultations and focused on people with morbidities and on adults and the elderly. The strategies used do not seem to cover the full care of the advised users.

What Is the Contribution of Community Programs to the Physical Activity of Women? A Study Based on Public Open Spaces in Brazil.

Community programs can facilitate the access of vulnerable subgroups to physical activity (PA). This study analyzed the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, public open spaces (POS) usage, and women's PA. The 155 participants were assiduous in taking part in PA classes in POS in São José dos Pinhais, Brazil. The accelerometer-based PA measures identified four outcomes: (1) daily light-intensity PA (LPA), (2) daily moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA), (3) LPA in POS, and (4) MVPA in POS. Linear regression, and the Durbin-Watson and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for data analysis in STATA software. The main results showed that the weekly frequency (ß: 10.9, p < 0.01) and intensity of the main activity in the POS (ß: 22.4, p < 0.05) were related to daily MVPA. Economic level and length of stay in the POS were positively related to the LPA performed (p < 0.05). Weekly frequency (ß: 2.4, p < 0.01), length of stay (ß: 11.0, p < 0.01), and intensity of PA practiced in the POS (ß: 5.9, p < 0.05) showed a positive relationship with MVPA in the POS. In conclusion, there was a positive relationship between some analyzed variables and PA of different intensities, especially the consistent relationship between weekly frequency of POS usage and MVPA. Participation in structured PA classes in a community program can contribute to an increase of 47 min of daily MVPA.

Effectiveness of the 5A Counseling Model-Based Interventions on Physical Activity Indicators in Adults: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: To identify and appraise the effectiveness of the 5A-counseling-model-based interventions on indicators of physical activity in adults. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted from systematic searches in Embase, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, Sportdiscus and Web of Science, involving studies published from its inception until May 2022. To avoid potential losses, searches also were made in Google Scholar and in reference lists. The assessment of studies, data extraction, and synthesis were carried out independently by two researchers. RESULTS: Four studies composed the synthesis, which involved people with an average age between 40 and 55 years, most of the samples being women. It was observed that counseling was carried out in conjunction with other strategies, such as drawing up an action plan, sending text messages, and offering educational material. Only one study showed a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the "daily number of steps" indicator. CONCLUSIONS: Based on available studies, 5A-counseling-model-based interventions did not reflect significant findings in relation to physical activity. However, given the potential of the model, future studies are recommended with a better description of the strategies, as well as a more robust methodology, to strengthen the evidence.

Physical Activity and Health: Social Psychology Perspective.

Physical inactivity is a significant global health problem [...].

Stand Up for Yourself: Tackling Sedentary Behavior through Exercise and Lifestyle.

Because of their direct relations to the process of health and disease throughout life, physical activity and sedentary behavior emerge as priorities in the global public health agenda [...].

Describing physical activity in public open spaces in Brazil: Active City, Healthy City Program / Descrevendo a atividade física em espaços públicos abertos no Brasil: Programa Cidade Ativa, Cidade Saudável

This study aimed to describe the physical activity (PA) in public open spaces (POS) in a medi-um-sized city in Brazil. The System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) was applied to evaluate a representative sample of users in 10 POS which received actions from the Active City, Healthy City Program. The places were evaluated four days a week (Tuesday, Wednes-day, Saturday, and Sunday) at four times (8 am, 10 am, 2 pm, and 4 pm). The proportion of users by gender, age group, skin color, and PA level was compared between the POS using the chi-square test for heterogeneity in the STATA software (p<0.05). As main results, 32,768 scans were performed in 64 target areas and identified 8,634 individuals. The highest proportion of people were males (58%), adults (38%), with white skin color (97%), and in light or moderate PA (76%). Except for skin color, there was a significant difference in the proportion of all other variables between the POS (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the POS was more commonly used by men, adults, and people of white skin color for light and moderate PA. Based on the results, program managers could reallocate resources to increase utilization and PA at each place

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a atividade física (AF) em espaços públicos abertos (EPA) em uma cidade de médio porte do Brasil. O System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) foi utilizado para avaliar uma amostra representativa de frequentadores de 10 EPA que receberam ações do programa Cidade Ativa, Cidade Saudável. Os locais foram avaliados quatro dias da semana (terça-feira, quarta-feira, sábado, domingo) em quatro horários (8h, 10h, 14h, 16h). A proporção de frequentadores por sexo, faixa etária, cor de pele e nível de AF foi comparada entre os EPA pelo teste do qui-quadrado para heterogeneidade no software STATA (p < 0,05). Como resultados principais, foram realizados 32.768 scans em 64 áreas-alvo e 8.634 frequentadores foram identificados. Foi observada maior proporção de pessoas do sexo masculino (58%), adultos (38%), de cor de pele branca (97%) e em AF de intensidade leve ou moderada (76%). Com exceção da cor da pele, houve diferença significante na proporção das demais variáveis entre os EPA (p < 0,05). Em conclusão, os EPA são mais comumente utilizados por homens, pessoas adultas, de cor de pele branca e para a prática de AF de intensidade leve e moderada. Com base nos resultados, os gestores do programa poderiam realocar recursos para aumentar a utilização e a AF em cada local

How can public open spaces contribute to physical activity promotion? / Como os espaços públicos abertos podem contribuir para a promoção da atividade física?

Public open spaces (POSs) are means to ensure one's right to recreation and health. The objective of this essay is to present reflections and evidence on how these spaces contribute to promoting physi-cal activity (PA). Understanding how to access (proximity/distance), quantity and diversity, and the surrounding and internal conditions of places (quality, structure, aesthetics, safety) can affect the use of POSs is imperative for public management actions. Thinking of POS use beyond PA by recog-nizing its social, economic, and cultural benefits can be fundamental to reduce inequalities regarding access to these places. POS-related actions and demands are intersectoral, multiprofessional, and interdisciplinary, thus requiring political, academic, and community involvement and commitment for PA promotion

Espaços públicos abertos (EPA) são equipamentos que promovem o direito à recreação e à saúde. O objetivo deste ensaio é apresentar reflexões e evidências sobre como esses espaços contribuem para a promoção da atividade física (AF). Compreender como o acesso (proximidade/distância), a quantidade e diversidade, as condições do entorno e internas dos locais (qualidade, estrutura, estética, segurança), podem afetar o uso dos EPA é fundamental para ações da gestão pública. Pensar o uso do EPA para além da prática de AF, reconhecendo seus benefícios sociais, econômicos e culturais pode ser fundamental para diminuir as iniquidades de acesso a esses locais. Ações e demandas relacionadas aos EPA são intersetoriais, multiprofissionais e interdisciplinares, necessitando com isso envolvimento e comprometimento político, acadêmico e comunitário, a fim de promover AF

Grupo de Trabalho em Práticas Corporais e Atividades Físicas na APS da SBAFS: criação, atividades e perspectivas / Working Group on Body Practices and Physical Activities in PHC of BSPAH: creation, activities, and perspectives

A Sociedade Brasileira de Atividade Física e Saúde (SBAFS) exerce papel importante no desenvolvimento e na disseminação do conhecimento científico, além de promover a articulação entre pesquisadores, estudantes, gestores e profissionais dos serviços de saúde nos cenários nacional e internacional. Nos últimos anos, estimulou-se a elaboração e a manutenção de Grupos de Trabalhos (GT) em diferentes temáticas na área de atividade física e saúde. Em 2021, foi instituído o GT em Práticas Corporais e Atividades Físicas na Atenção Primária à Saúde (PCAF-APS), o qual busca desenvolver ações para fortalecer a área temática, por meio da realização de encontros e debates com profissionais, gestores e acadêmicos, além do desenvolvimento de pesquisas. Desse modo, o objetivo deste manuscrito é descrever as ações relacionadas à criação, trajetória e perspectivas do GT PCAF-APS

The Brazilian Society of Physical Activity and Health (BSPAH) is essential in developing and disseminat-ing scientific knowledge and promoting articulation between researchers, students, stakeholders, and health service professionals in national and international scenarios. Developing and maintaining Working Groups ( WG) on different physical activity and health topics has been encouraged in recent years. In 2021, the Body Practices and Physical Activities in Primary Health Care (BPPA-PHC) WG was established, which seeks to develop actions to strengthen the thematic area through meetings and debates with professionals, stakeholders, and academics, in addition to research development. Thus, the paper aims to describe the actions related to the creation, trajectory, and perspectives of the BPPA-PHC

Barriers to physical activity among adults in primary healthcare units in the National Health System: a cross-sectional study in Brazil

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Many factors may negatively impact physical activity (PA), but studies lack evidence of individual predictors of perceived barriers to PA among adults in primary healthcare units. OBJECTIVE: To analyze associations between sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), PA counseling and perceived barriers to LTPA among adult patients in primary healthcare units of the National Health System in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study on a representative sample of adults in primary healthcare units in São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil. METHODS: This study was conducted in 2019, among 779 adults (70% women). Barriers to LTPA, sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, marital status, skin color, education and income), health conditions (body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary disease and medications), LTPA level and PA counseling received were measured using validated, standardized procedures. The data were analyzed using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: The most prevalent barriers were "feeling too tired" (53%) and "lack of time" (52%). PA counseling was inversely associated with "lack of time" (45% versus 57%; P < 0.001) but positively associated with "injury or disease" (38% versus 29%; P = 0.008). There was an inverse linear trend between the number of barriers and LTPA (walking and total) (P < 0.001). Most barriers differed in comparisons of sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, LTPA and counseling (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The barriers vary according to the individual predictors. Counseling strategies need to be specific for each barrier and may be promising for promoting LTPA within primary healthcare.

Aconselhamento para atividade física realizado por profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde / Physical activity counseling in Primary Health Care

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a prevalência e analisar os fatores associados ao aconselhamento para a atividade física realizado por profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Foi realizado inquérito com 587 profissionais de 49 centros de saúde. A realização de aconselhamento nos últimos 12 meses foi avaliada. Os fatores explorados na associação foram os sociodemográficos, de formação e atuação profissional, do conhecimento das recomendações de atividade física e do nível de atividade física. A proporção de profissionais que relataram aconselhar para atividade física foi 86,2% (IC95%: 83,2-88,8%). Os profissionais com maiores chances de aconselhar foram os com pós-graduação em Saúde Pública (OR: 3,71; IC95%: 1,69-9,37), que tiveram experiências acadêmicas na APS (OR: 2,68; IC95%:1,32-5,92), que pertenciam ao Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família (OR: 4,52; IC95%: 1,31-28,50), que participavam de reuniões de matriciamento sobre atividade física (OR: 1,91; IC95%: 1,08-3,44) e eram fisicamente ativos (OR: 1,80; IC95%: 1,01-3,27). Os resultados sugerem que aspectos da formação e atuação profissional e o nível de atividade física dos profissionais contribuem positivamente nas ações de aconselhamento para atividade física na APS.

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and examine the correlates of physical activity counseling by primary health care professionals in Florianopolis, state of Santa Catarina. A face-face survey was carried out with 587 professionals from 49 Health Centers. Physical activity counseling was evaluated in the last 12 months. The correlates explored in the association were sociodemographic, training and professional performance, knowledge of physical activity recommendations and physical activity level. The prevalence of physical activity counseling was 86.2% (95%CI=83.2-88.8%). The professionals most likely to provide counseling were those with graduate degrees in Public Health (OR=3.71; 95%CI: 1.69-9.37), who had academic experiences in primary health care (OR=2.68; 95%CI: 1.32-5.92), who belonged to the Family Health Support Center (OR=4.52; 95%CI: 1.31-28.50), who participated in meetings of physical activity (OR=1.91; 95%CI: 1.08-3.44) and were physically active (OR=1.80; 95%CI: 1.01-3.27). The results show that aspects of training and professional performance and the physical activity level of professionals contribute positively to counseling for physical activity in primary health care.

Physical activity counseling in Primary Health Care. / Aconselhamento para atividade física realizado por profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and examine the correlates of physical activity counseling by primary health care professionals in Florianopolis, state of Santa Catarina. A face-face survey was carried out with 587 professionals from 49 Health Centers. Physical activity counseling was evaluated in the last 12 months. The correlates explored in the association were sociodemographic, training and professional performance, knowledge of physical activity recommendations and physical activity level. The prevalence of physical activity counseling was 86.2% (95%CI=83.2-88.8%). The professionals most likely to provide counseling were those with graduate degrees in Public Health (OR=3.71; 95%CI: 1.69-9.37), who had academic experiences in primary health care (OR=2.68; 95%CI: 1.32-5.92), who belonged to the Family Health Support Center (OR=4.52; 95%CI: 1.31-28.50), who participated in meetings of physical activity (OR=1.91; 95%CI: 1.08-3.44) and were physically active (OR=1.80; 95%CI: 1.01-3.27). The results show that aspects of training and professional performance and the physical activity level of professionals contribute positively to counseling for physical activity in primary health care.

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a prevalência e analisar os fatores associados ao aconselhamento para a atividade física realizado por profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Foi realizado inquérito com 587 profissionais de 49 centros de saúde. A realização de aconselhamento nos últimos 12 meses foi avaliada. Os fatores explorados na associação foram os sociodemográficos, de formação e atuação profissional, do conhecimento das recomendações de atividade física e do nível de atividade física. A proporção de profissionais que relataram aconselhar para atividade física foi 86,2% (IC95%: 83,2-88,8%). Os profissionais com maiores chances de aconselhar foram os com pós-graduação em Saúde Pública (OR: 3,71; IC95%: 1,69-9,37), que tiveram experiências acadêmicas na APS (OR: 2,68; IC95%:1,32-5,92), que pertenciam ao Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família (OR: 4,52; IC95%: 1,31-28,50), que participavam de reuniões de matriciamento sobre atividade física (OR: 1,91; IC95%: 1,08-3,44) e eram fisicamente ativos (OR: 1,80; IC95%: 1,01-3,27). Os resultados sugerem que aspectos da formação e atuação profissional e o nível de atividade física dos profissionais contribuem positivamente nas ações de aconselhamento para atividade física na APS.

Barriers to physical activity among adults in primary healthcare units in the National Health System: a cross-sectional study in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Many factors may negatively impact physical activity (PA), but studies lack evidence of individual predictors of perceived barriers to PA among adults in primary healthcare units. OBJECTIVE: To analyze associations between sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), PA counseling and perceived barriers to LTPA among adult patients in primary healthcare units of the National Health System in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study on a representative sample of adults in primary healthcare units in São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil. METHODS: This study was conducted in 2019, among 779 adults (70% women). Barriers to LTPA, sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, marital status, skin color, education and income), health conditions (body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary disease and medications), LTPA level and PA counseling received were measured using validated, standardized procedures. The data were analyzed using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: The most prevalent barriers were "feeling too tired" (53%) and "lack of time" (52%). PA counseling was inversely associated with "lack of time" (45% versus 57%; P < 0.001) but positively associated with "injury or disease" (38% versus 29%; P = 0.008). There was an inverse linear trend between the number of barriers and LTPA (walking and total) (P < 0.001). Most barriers differed in comparisons of sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, LTPA and counseling (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The barriers vary according to the individual predictors. Counseling strategies need to be specific for each barrier and may be promising for promoting LTPA within primary healthcare.

Sedentary Behavior Counseling Received from Healthcare Professionals: An Exploratory Analysis in Adults at Primary Health Care in Brazil.

Counseling by health professionals has promising results in behavior change and is recommended as part of integrated community interventions. However, the knowledge about sedentary behavior (SB) counseling is incipient. The study aimed to identify the prevalence and explore the associated factors with SB counseling received from healthcare professionals by adults in primary health care (PHC) in Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 that included a representative sample of 779 users in all 15 basic health units (BHU) in São José dos Pinhais, Paraná. We identified those who reported having received SB counseling during a consultation. The association between the sociodemographic factors, chronic diseases, access to health services, physical activity, SB, and counseling were analyzed using Poisson regression in a hierarchical model. The prevalence of counseling was 12.2% (95% CI: 10.1-14.7%); it was higher in women (PR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.10-2.83), those aged ≥60 yrs (PR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.14-2.98), BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (PR: 2.60; 95% CI: 1.31-5.17), who consume ≥3 medications (PR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.06-4.59), and those who spend a prolonged period of the day engaged in SB (4th quartile PR: 3.44; 95% CI: 1.88-6.31). The results highlight that SB counseling is underutilized and incipient in PHC. Understanding these results can help managers and healthcare professionals in BHU teams to implement and direct specific actions to reduce SB in adults through counseling.

Exposure to Public Open Spaces and Leisure-Time Physical Activity: An Analysis of Adults in Primary Health Care in Brazil.

Public open spaces (POS) enable many leisure activities. However, few studies have evaluated how different exposures to POS with structured physical activities (PA) could affect the leisure-time PA (LTPA) of adults with chronic diseases. This study aimed to analyze the associations between different exposures to POS and LTPA in adults in primary health care in Brazil. In 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 615 users of 15 Basic Health Units in São José dos Pinhais. The POS exposure was measured by the presence and distance (GIS), and the usage and frequency of usage were self-reported. The IPAQ identified walking and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Data were analyzed with multilevel Poisson regression adjusted for the possible confounders (sex, age, economic level, chronic diseases). The prevalence of walking and MVPA ≥150 min/week was 12% and 14%, respectively. The usage of POS increased by 52% the likelihood of walking ≥10 min/week (PR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.02-2.21), while usage ≥2 times/week increased by 2 times the likelihood of this outcome (PR: 2.01; 95%CI: 1.28-3.05). The usage of POS increased by 2.7 times the likelihood of MVPA ≥10 min/week (PR: 2.73; 95%CI: 1.86-3.97), and usage ≥2 times/week increased by 3.5 times the likelihood of this outcome (PR: 3.45; 95%CI: 2.14-5.42). Finally, the usage of POS increased by 3 times the likelihood of MVPA ≥150 min/week (PR: 3.03; 95%CI: 1.92-4.74), while usage ≥2 times/week increased by 3.8 times the likelihood of this outcome (PR: 3.81; 95%CI: 2.19-6.38). In conclusion, only the usage of POS is positively associated with walking and MVPA in the leisure time of adult primary health care users.

Use of an Elevated Avenue for Leisure-Time Physical Activity by Adults from Downtown São Paulo, Brazil.

Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with access and use of public open spaces. The President João Goulart Elevated Avenue, currently denominated Minhocão, is a facility for leisure activities that is open for people during the night and weekends. The aim of this study was to examine if the prevalence of LTPA among individuals living in the surroundings of Minhocão is different according to proximity to, and use of, the facility. We conducted a cross-sectional study with cluster sampling with people aged ≥18 years who lived in households up to 500 m, and between 501 m and 1500 m of Minhocão. The survey was conducted between December 2017 and March 2019 using an electronic questionnaire. We conducted a bivariate analysis and Poisson regression to examine possible differences in LTPA according to the proximity of residences and use of Minhocão. The analysis used post-stratification weights. A total of 12,030 telephone numbers of people were drawn (≤500 m = 6942; and >500 m to ≤1500 m = 5088). The final sample included 235 residents who returned the questionnaires. There was a higher prevalence of individuals engaging in at least 150 min per week of LTPA among users than non-users (Prevalence Ratio = 2.19, IC95% 1.66 to 2.90), independently of sex, age, education, the distance of houses to nearest accesses and number of barriers. The main five barriers related to the usage of the Minhocão were safety issues in and around the Minhocão, rainy weather, lack of vegetation, and lack of facilities. People who used the park had higher prevalence of all types of LTPA than non-users. The results can serve to inform government decision-making on the future of Minhocão.

Effect of Fatigue and Graded Running on Kinematics and Kinetics Parameters in Triathletes.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cycling-induced fatigue on subsequent running with different ground inclinations on triathletes. Twenty male triathletes ran on a treadmill at individual speeds, on three inclines: level (0%), 7% uphill (7%), and 7% downhill (-7%). Subsequently, the athletes performed an incremental ramp-to-exhaustion (RTE) protocol on an ergometric bicycle until task failure and repeated the running protocol (POST-RTE). During running and cycling was monitored perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (HR). Plantar pressure distribution, peak plantar pressure, total foot area, and ground contact time were measured by an in-shoe sensor. Analysis of variance showed that HR (p=0.001; η2=0.63) and RPE (p=0.001; η2=0.82 large effect) were higher in POST-RTE, without interactions between slopes and fatigue. The heel load showed difference between 0 and 7% and 7 and -7% (p=0.001; η 2=0.44 large effect) with higher value in -7%. The midfoot showed differences between 0 and -7% with higher value in 0% (p=0.03; η 2=0.15 small effect). The contact time showed interactions between fatigue and slopes with a higher value in POST-RTE. Coaches should be aware that training on the uphill and downhill surfaces can alter the plantar load on different foot parts.

Estrutura, perfil dos frequentadores e padrão de utilização de Academias a Céu Aberto em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais / Characteristics, the profile of users, and pattern of use of outdoors gyms in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a estrutura, o perfil dos frequentadores e o padrão de utilização de Academias a Céu Aberto (ACA) localizadas em áreas de vulnerabilidade distintas de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Estudo com delineamento transversal e análises exploratórias, realizado em duas ACA no ano de 2016. Foram utilizadas três abordagens in loco para mensurar as variáveis de interesse: das estruturas das ACA (PA R A), entrevistas face-a-face com os usuários presentes e observação sistemática dos frequentadores (SOPARC). Os dados foram analisados com a estatística descritiva e testes de qui-quadrado e Fisher no software R (p < 0,05). ACA-médio risco apresentou melhores estruturas para exercícios, conforto para usuários e condições de limpeza, estética e segurança comparadas à ACA-baixo risco. Foram entrevistados 49 adultos (51,2% mulheres) e observados 294 frequentadores (59,9% homens). Entre os usuários entrevistados, a maioria tinha mais de 50 anos, apresentavam sobrepeso ou obesidade (65,2%). Ademais, 51,0% dos entrevistados realizavam 150 minutos ou mais de atividade física moderada ou vigorosa, sendo que 24,5% deles atingiram esse tempo utilizando apenas as ACA (p = 0,016). Por meio do SOPARC, foi observado proporcionalmente maior presença de adultos (62,0%), de frequentadores em atividades sedentárias (58,4%), seguido de exercícios nos aparelhos das ACA (34,7%), e em dias de semana (64,0%). Proporção significativa de frequentadores em atividades sedentárias foi observada na ACA-baixo risco (p < 0,001). Este estudo contribui para orientação de políticas públicas de promoção de atividade física nas ACA, reforçando a relevância dos aspectos do ambiente físico e social no planejamento, monitoramento e avaliação dessas intervenções

This study aimed to describe the characteristics, the profile of users, and the pattern of use of Outdoors Gym (ACA - Portuguese abbreviation) in different socioeconomic areas of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the two ACA in 2016. Three instruments were used to measure the variables of interest in loco: the characteristics of the ACA ( PARA), face to face interviews, and systematic observation of attendees (SOPARC). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square and Fisher tests in the R software (p < 0.05). ACA-medium risk showed better structures for exercises, comfort for users, and conditions of cleanliness, aesthetics, and safety compared to ACA-low risk. Forty-nine adults (51.2% women) were interviewed, and 294 participants were observed (59.9% men). Among the users in-terviewed, most were over 50 years old, were overweight or obese (65.2%). Furthermore, 51.0% of respond-ents performed 150 minutes or more of moderate or vigorous physical activity, and 24.5% of them reached this time using only the ACA (p = 0.016). Through SOPARC was observed a proportionally greater presence of adults (62.0%), who were in sedentary behaviors (58.4%), followed by ACA exercises (34.7%) and dur-ing weekdays (64.0%). A significant proportion of participants in sedentary activities was observed in the ACA-low risk (p < 0.001). This study may contribute to guiding physical activity promotion and reinforces the relevance of physical and social environments in the planning, monitoring, and evaluation of ACA

Participation and Physical Activity in Recreovia of Bucaramanga, Colombia.

BACKGROUND: Open Streets initiatives have allowed for physical activity (PA) in cities worldwide. However, few studies have evaluated the use of small Open Streets in low- and middle-income countries, such as those in Latin America. Thus, this study aimed to describe participation and PA level of users in the Recreovia program in Bucaramanga, Colombia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted during 5 Sundays from September to November 2017. Recreovia use was evaluated at 4 strategic points according to street accessibility (2 points) and aerobics class areas (2 points), using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities. RESULTS: A total of 38,577 observations were made (34,969 on streets and 3608 in aerobics class areas). Men (63%) and adults (62%), with moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) (98%) were observed on streets. The most common PAs were biking (50%), walking/dog walking (36%), and jogging (9%). In aerobics class areas, the most common groups were female (65%) and adults (89%). Participants were engaged in moderate to vigorous PA (91%). CONCLUSION: Measurement of number of participants at moderate to vigorous levels of PA was high. A difference between sexes and age in these street and aerobic class area groups was also observed.