Weekday and weekend patterns of physical activity and sedentary time among Liverpool and Madrid youth.

Levels of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour among English and Spanish youth are high and vary within different regions of each country. Little though is known about these during specific periods of the day. The purpose of this study was to describe physical activity (PA) and sedentary time during segments of the day and week, and compare these critical contexts between youth in the Liverpool and Madrid areas of England and Spain, respectively. PA was objectively assessed in 235 Liverpool- and 241 Madrid youth (aged 10-14 years) who wore accelerometers for seven consecutive days. Minutes of sedentary time, moderate PA, vigorous PA and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were calculated for weekdays, weekend days, school time, non-school time and after-school. Between-country differences were analysed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Madrid youth spent significantly more time in sedentary activities than their Liverpool counterparts. Madrid youth engaged in more minutes of moderate intensity physical activity (MPA) than Liverpool youth during weekdays, school time and non-school time (P<0.01). Liverpool children recorded more time in vigorous physical activity (VPA) than Madrid peers during week days and weekend days (P<0.01) and during school time and after-school periods (P<0.01). The MVPA was significantly higher among Madrid youth during non-school time (P<0.01). Around 25% of all youth achieved recommended levels of MVPA. Low levels of MVPA and systematic differences in sedentary time, MPA and VPA exist between Liverpool and Madrid youth. Interventions targeted at the least-active children during weekends, after-school and non-school periods within the cultural contexts common to each city are required.

Comprendiendo el abandono del deporte de las chicas adolescentes / Understanding the sport withdrawal of adolescent girls

El propósito del trabajo es analizar el abandono deportivo de las chicasadolescentes, identificando sus experiencias y los factores que han contribuido a su retiradade esta práctica. El diseño es de tipo etnográfico e interpretativo, empleándose la entrevistaretrospectiva con chicas adolescentes (14-17 años) que han abandonado la práctica deportiva recientemente. El análisis cualitativo de los datos se ha realizado con el programa “Nud*ist Vivo” versión 6.0. Los resultados muestran la interacción de unconjunto de factores de influencia entre los que destacan la dedicación académica y las interacciones sociales, que se configuran como base de la continuidad, principalmente lainfluencia ejercida por la familia y las interacciones personales como determinantes del ambiente deportivo.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the sport withdrawal adolescent girls,their experiences and identifying the factors that have contributed to the leaving of the practice. The design is ethnographic and interpretive, using retrospective interviews with teenage girls (14-17 years) who have left the sport recently. The qualitative data analysis was performed with the program Nud*ist Vivo version 6.0. The results show the interaction of a set of influencing factors among which it has to be pointed the dedication academic and social interactions, which are configured as a basis of continuity, especially the influence of family and personal interactions as determinants of the sports environment.

Sobrepeso, obesidad y adecuación a la dieta mediterránea en adolescentes de la Comunidad de Madrid / Overweight, obesity and adequacy to mediterranean diet of Madrid Community adolescents

El objetivo de este estudio es describir la situación antropométrica de la población adolescente de la Comunidad de Madrid y su nivel de adecuación a la dieta mediterránea. Se seleccionó una muestra representativa de los estudiantes de ESO de las escuelas públicas de la Comunidad de Madrid (406 chicos y 408 chicas). La adecuación a la dieta mediterránea se midió con el cuestionario KIDMED. Altura, peso, perímetro de cintura, perímetro de cadera, pliegue de tríceps y pliegue subescapular se midieron para calcular el índice de masa corporal (IMCKg/m2), la relación cintura/cadera (RCC) y el porcentaje de grasa corporal (%Grasa). Un 14.5% de los sujetos estudiados presentaron una dieta de muy baja calidad, un 54.2% un patrón que puede mejorar y un 31.3% una dieta mediterránea óptima. Esta distribución fue peor en las chicas, con un 17.2% que seguían una dieta de muy baja calidad frente al 11,8% de los chicos. El IMC osciló entre 20.19 y 22.52 en las chicas, y en los chicos entre 20.58 y 23.26. El punto de corte para sobrepeso, establecido en el percentil 85 (P85 IMC), se situó entre 24.0 y 26.6 en chicos (17,3% de la muestra), y entre 23.6 y 25.7 en chicas (17,5%). La RCC se situó entre 0.74-0.76 en las chicas y 0.81-0.83 en los chicos; por último, el % Grasa osciló entre un 24.77% y 27.94% en las chicas y un 18.26% y 23.08% en los varones. En conclusión, los sujetos estudiados presentaron puntos de corte para el sobrepeso y la obesidad mayores que en anteriores estudios, los datos nutricionales son perores que los de hace diez años para población nacional. La detección temprana del sobrepeso y la obesidad, así como sus posibles causas constituye un elemento esencial en la prevención de morbilidad y mortalidad de la población adulta (AU)

The aim of the study was to describe the anthropometrical data of the adolescent population of Madrid Community and their adequacy to Mediterranean diet. A representative sample of Madrid Community secondary public school students (ESO), (406 boys and 408 girls) participated in the study. The adequacy to Mediterranean diet was measured with the KIDMED questionnaire. Height, weight, hip circumference, waist circumference, tricipital skinfold and subescapular skinfold were measured and from this data body mass index (BMI Kg/m2), waist/hip ratio (WHR) and percentage body fat (%BF) were calculated. A 14.5% of the subjects presented a very low quality diet, a 54.2% a diet that should improve and a 31.3%presented an optimal Mediterranean diet. This distribution was even worst for the girls group, with a 17.2% of the girls, and a11.8% of the boys following a very low quality diet . The anthropometric data show BMI between 20.19 and 22.52 for girls and 20.58 and 23.26 for boys. The cut point for overweight, set at the 85th percentile (P85 BMI), was set between 24.0and 26.6 in boys (17.3% of the sample) and between 23.6 and 25.7 in girls (17.5%); the WHR for girls was between 0.74-0.76and between 0.81-0.83 for boys; finally de %BF for girls was between 24.77% and 27.94% and for boys between 18.26% and 23.08%. In conclusion, the studied subjects had higher cut points for overweigh and obesity than previous studies, and nutritional data was also worst than similar measures taken ten years ago. The early detection of overweight and obesity, and their probable causes constitutes and important element for prevention of morbidity and mortality in the adult population (AU)

[Validation and adaptation of the PACES scale of enjoyment of the practice of physical activity for Spanish adolescent girls]. / Validación y adaptación de la escala PACES de disfrute con la práctica de la actividad física para adolescentes españolas.

The goal of this study is to validate a Spanish version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES, Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991), in the population of Spanish adolescent girls, and also to obtain a reduced version of the scale. For this purpose, reliability analysis was conducted, and construct validity was assessed in two steps: exploratory factor analysis and structural equation model with confirmatory factor analysis. The scale was administered to a sample of 2777 adolescent girls of Secondary Education, ages between 12-18 years. The results show the reliability of the instrument and the construct validity with a good fit of the model. The adapted scale was reduced to six items, a shorter and efficient scale that allows us to measure the enjoyment of physical activity.

Validación y adaptación de la escala PACES de disfrute con la práctica de la actividad física para adolescentes españolas / Validation and adaptation of the PACES scale of enjoyment of the practice of physical activity for Spanish adolescent girls

El objetivo de este trabajo es la validación al castellano de la Escala de Disfrute con la Actividad Física - PACES (Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale), de Kendzierski y DeCarlo (1991), adaptándola a la población de chicas adolescentes españolas, así como la obtención de una versión reducida de la misma. Para ello se realizó un análisis de fiabilidad y, a continuación, la validez del constructo fue constatada en dos pasos, primero mediante un análisis factorial exploratorio y posteriormente aplicando el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para la realización de un análisis factorial confirmatorio. La escala se administró a 2.777 chicas adolescentes de Educación Secundaria entre 12 y 18 años. Los resultados muestran la fiabilidad de la prueba y la validez del constructo, con un buen ajuste al modelo. La escala adaptada arrojó una reducción a seis ítems, lo que permite disponer de un instrumento breve y eficiente para la medición del disfrute con la actividad física

The goal of this study is to validate a Spanish version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES, Kendzierski & DeCarlo, 1991), in the population of Spanish adolescent girls, and also to obtain a reduced version of the scale. For this purpose, reliability analysis was conducted, and construct validity was assessed in two steps: exploratory factor analysis and structural equation model with confirmatory factor analysis. The scale was administered to a sample of 2777 adolescent girls of Secondary Education, ages between 12-18 years. The results show the reliability of the instrument and the construct validity with a good fit of the model. The adapted scale was reduced to six items, a shorter and efficient scale that allows us to measure the enjoyment of physical activity