Hábitos, actitudes y conocimientos sobre la exposición solar de corredores de fondo en la Costa del Sol / Sun Exposure and Long-Distance Runners on the Spanish Costa del Sol: Habits, Attitudes, and Knowledge

A nivel dermatológico, la elevada exposición solar a radiación ultravioleta asociada a la práctica de actividades deportivas al aire libre, máxime en actividades recreativas de larga duración como son los corredores de fondo, aumenta el fotoenvejecimiento de la piel y la incidencia de cáncer de piel. El propósito del estudio fue evaluar los hábitos, actitudes y conocimientos sobre la exposición solar de corredores de fondo de nuestra comunidad. Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo mediante encuesta con un muestreo de conveniencia entre aquellos participantes de las medias maratones populares de Fuengirola y Marbella celebradas en el mes de septiembre del año 2016. En la muestra evaluada se ha hallado una intensa exposición solar realizando actividades al aire libre, asociado ello a una prevalencia de quemaduras solares elevada (uno de cada 2 corredores) (AU)

Exposure to UV radiation during the practice of sports in the open air is especially high in sustained recreational activities such as long-distance running. UV exposure increases skin photoaging and the incidence of skin cancer. This study aimed to describe habits and attitudes related to sun exposure among long-distance runners in our area of southern Spain as well as to evaluate the runners’ knowledge of exposure. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to survey a convenience sample of participants in half marathons in Fuengirola and Marbella in September 2016. We found a high level of sun exposure among participants in this outdoor activity. The prevalence of sunburn was also high, experienced by half of the runners surveyed (AU)

Creación del distintivo Soludable: un modelo de certificación en fotoprotección para centros escolares / Creation Of The «Soludable» Sun Protection Accreditation Program For Schools

Introducción: La exposición solar en la infancia es el principal factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de cáncer de piel en la vida adulta. Las intervenciones basadas en programas y políticas de fotoprotección escolar han demostrado ser las estrategias más eficaces y coste-efectivas para la prevención del cáncer de piel. Objetivos: Elaborar un modelo de certificación que permita identificar de forma objetiva aquellos centros escolares que promueven activamente la fotoprotección. Métodos: Se empleó metodología de consenso basada en panel de expertos, recurriendo al método Delphi en 2 rondas. Se analizaron las medianas de las valoraciones de la importancia y factibilidad de cada una de las recomendaciones, y el porcentaje de respuestas positivas para los niveles de cada una de ellas. Resultados: Se obtuvo un modelo integrado por 14 recomendaciones junto a sus criterios de evaluación, relativas a 7 dimensiones: 1) liderazgo organizacional (5 recomendaciones), 2) comunicación efectiva (2 recomendaciones), 3) elementos estructurales (2 recomendaciones), 4) formación de profesionales (una recomendación), 5) currículum escolar (una recomendación), 6) modelos de conducta (2 recomendaciones) y 7) hábitos del alumnado (una recomendación). Todas las recomendaciones mostraron un alto nivel de acuerdo, tanto en la valoración de la importancia y factibilidad como en la categorización de los niveles de complejidad. Conclusión: Se trata del primer distintivo de fotoprotección escolar que se desarrolla en nuestro país. Se necesitan estudios que evalúen el grado de aceptación de la estrategia y su impacto en los hábitos de fotoprotección de los escolares

Introduction: Sun exposure during childhood is the main risk factor for skin cancer in later life. School-based sun protection policies and practices have proven to be the most effective and cost-effective strategies for preventing skin cancer. Objective: To develop a sun protection accreditation program known as «Soludable» (a play on the Spanish words sol [sun] and saludable [healthy]) to objectively identify schools that actively promote sun protection behaviors among students. Methods: The consensus method used was a 2-round Delphi technique with input from a panel of experts. We then calculated the median scores for the importance and feasibility of each of the recommendations proposed and the level of complexity assigned to each recommendation by counting the percentage of experts who chose each difficulty category. Results: The resulting accreditation model consists of 14 recommendations with corresponding evaluation criteria divided into 7 domains: 1) organizational leadership (5 recommendations), 2) effective communication (2 recommendations), 3) structural elements (2 recommendations), 4) training of professionals (1 recommendation), 5) school curriculum (1 recommendation), 6) behavioral models (2 recommendations), and 7) student habits (1 recommendation). A high level of agreement among experts was observed for all recommendations, in terms of both their perceived importance and feasibility and their categorization by levels of complexity. Conclusions: This is the first sun protection accreditation program developed for Spanish schools. Studies are needed to evaluate how this program is received and how it affects students' sun protection behaviors

Creation Of The «Soludable¼ Sun Protection Accreditation Program For Schools. / Creación del distintivo Soludable: un modelo de certificación en fotoprotección para centros escolares.

INTRODUCTION: Sun exposure during childhood is the main risk factor for skin cancer in later life. School-based sun protection policies and practices have proven to be the most effective and cost-effective strategies for preventing skin cancer. OBJECTIVE: To develop a sun protection accreditation program known as «Soludable¼ (a play on the Spanish words sol [sun] and saludable [healthy]) to objectively identify schools that actively promote sun protection behaviors among students. METHODS: The consensus method used was a 2-round Delphi technique with input from a panel of experts. We then calculated the median scores for the importance and feasibility of each of the recommendations proposed and the level of complexity assigned to each recommendation by counting the percentage of experts who chose each difficulty category. RESULTS: The resulting accreditation model consists of 14 recommendations with corresponding evaluation criteria divided into 7 domains: 1) organizational leadership (5 recommendations), 2) effective communication (2 recommendations), 3) structural elements (2 recommendations), 4) training of professionals (1 recommendation), 5) school curriculum (1 recommendation), 6) behavioral models (2 recommendations), and 7) student habits (1 recommendation). A high level of agreement among experts was observed for all recommendations, in terms of both their perceived importance and feasibility and their categorization by levels of complexity. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first sun protection accreditation program developed for Spanish schools. Studies are needed to evaluate how this program is received and how it affects students' sun protection behaviors.

Despistaje de la neoplasia intraepitelial anal. Biopsia de canal anal guiada por anoscopia de alta resolución / Screening for anal intraepithelial neoplasia: high-resolution anoscopy-guided biopsy of the anal canal

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Pápula eritematosa abdominal / Erythematous Abdominal Papule

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Campaña de prevención y detección de cáncer cutáneo en campos de golf de la Costa del Sol / Skin cancer prevention and detection campaign at golf courses on Spain’s Costa del Sol

Introducción y objetivos: El desarrollo de programas de prevención y detección de cáncer cutáneo específicamente dirigidos a grupos diana -de mayor rentabilidad que aquellos desarrollados sobre la población general- es necesario. Intervenciones en enclaves turísticos al aire libre ya demostraron eficacia, aunque no existen campanas específicas en campos de golf. Nuestros objetivos fueron describir el perfil de riesgo de los trabajadores y jugadores de golf y evaluar el impacto de una intervención. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo desarrollado en 6 campos de golf, realizándose cuestionarios sobre datos demográficos, factores de riesgo y hábitos de exposición solar y fotoprotección, examen cutáneo. Se impartió consejo sanitario en fotoprotección, autoexamen y cremas fotoprotectoras, y finalmente se completaron encuestas de satisfacción e intención de cambio. Se midió el efecto en términos de: diagnósticos realizados, satisfacción con la intervención e intención expresada de cambio y efecto potencial en términos de factores de riesgo presentes. Resultados: De 351 participantes (el 57% golfistas, el resto trabajadores) el 70,4% tenían piel clara, el 11,7% tenían antecedentes familiares y el 8,5% personales de cáncer de piel. Entre los golfistas se diagnosticó cáncer cutáneo en el 10,7% y queratosis actínicas en el 40%. El 99,4% de los participantes valoró las jornadas positivamente, el 93,9% refirió intención de mejorar sus hábitos de fotoexposición y el 93,4% intención de examinarse la piel más frecuentemente. Conclusiones: Trabajadores de campos de golf y especialmente golfistas se confirman como una importante diana para la prevención del cáncer cutáneo. Esta es la primera campaña dirigida a estos grupos, resultando factible y útil el desarrollo de las mismas; su éxito parece relacionado con el desarrollo en el propio escenario, la intervención multicomponente y su estrategia publicitaria motivacional (AU)

Background and objectives: Skin cancer prevention and detection campaigns targeting specific groups are necessary and have proven to be more effective than those aimed at the general population. Interventions in outdoor tourist spots have proven successful, although none have specifically targeted golf courses. The aims of this study were to describe the risk profile of golfers and golf course workers and evaluate the impact of a skin cancer prevention and early detection intervention. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at 6 golf courses. The intervention included a skin examination and completion of a questionnaire about demographic details, risk factors, and sun exposure and sun protection habits. Participants were also given advice on sun protection measures, self-examination, and use of sunscreens, and were asked about their satisfaction with the intervention and their intention to change their current behaviors. The effect was measured in terms of the diagnoses made, satisfaction with the intervention, reported intention to change, and potential effect in terms of existing risk factors. Results: Of the 351 participants (57% golfers and 43% golf course workers), 70.4% had fair skin, 11.7% had a family history of skin cancer, and 8.5% had a personal history of skin cancer. Skin cancer and actinic keratoses were diagnosed in 10.7% and 40% of the golfers, respectively. The session was rated positively by 99.4% of the participants; 93.9% stated that they intended to improve their sun exposure habits and 93.4% said that they planned to examine their skin more frequently. Conclusions: Our findings confirm that golf course workers and, in particular, golfers are an important target for skin cancer prevention campaigns. This is the first intervention to specifically target golf courses, and it proved to be both feasible and useful. Its success appears to be attributable to numerous factors: it was conducted at golf courses, had multiple components, and was preceded by a motivational campaign (AU)

Skin cancer prevention and detection campaign at golf courses on Spain's Costa del Sol.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Skin cancer prevention and detection campaigns targeting specific groups are necessary and have proven to be more effective than those aimed at the general population. Interventions in outdoor tourist spots have proven successful, although none have specifically targeted golf courses. The aims of this study were to describe the risk profile of golfers and golf course workers and evaluate the impact of a skin cancer prevention and early detection intervention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at 6 golf courses. The intervention included a skin examination and completion of a questionnaire about demographic details, risk factors, and sun exposure and sun protection habits. Participants were also given advice on sun protection measures, self-examination, and use of sunscreens, and were asked about their satisfaction with the intervention and their intention to change their current behaviors. The effect was measured in terms of the diagnoses made, satisfaction with the intervention, reported intention to change, and potential effect in terms of existing risk factors. RESULTS: Of the 351 participants (57% golfers and 43% golf course workers), 70.4% had fair skin, 11.7% had a family history of skin cancer, and 8.5% had a personal history of skin cancer. Skin cancer and actinic keratoses were diagnosed in 10.7% and 40% of the golfers, respectively. The session was rated positively by 99.4% of the participants; 93.9% stated that they intended to improve their sun exposure habits and 93.4% said that they planned to examine their skin more frequently. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that golf course workers and, in particular, golfers are an important target for skin cancer prevention campaigns. This is the first intervention to specifically target golf courses, and it proved to be both feasible and useful. Its success appears to be attributable to numerous factors: it was conducted at golf courses, had multiple components, and was preceded by a motivational campaign.

Análisis de la población con infección genital por Chlamydia trachomatis en una consulta de enfermedades de transmisión sexual / Analysis of Patients With Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection in an STD Clinic

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: La infección genital por Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) tiene una alta incidencia en nuestro medio y su tratamiento precoz puede evitar complicaciones. Describimos la población de pacientes diagnosticados en una consulta de enfermedades de transmisión sexual. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal de la población diagnosticada de infección por CT entre 2010 y 2011. Se recogieron datos demográficos, hábitos sexuales, asociación con otras infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y diversos aspectos del tratamiento. RESULTADOS: Encontramos positividad para CT en el 12,3% de las muestras. Se incluyeron 62 pacientes con una media de edad de 31 años. De estos 43 eran hombres y el 75% era heterosexual. El 87% de los pacientes había tenido una pareja sexual en los últimos 2 meses. El uso del preservativo se consideró deficiente en el 81, 79 y 65% de los pacientes en el sexo vaginal, oral y anal respectivamente. Aparecieron síntomas en el 13% y la ITS asociada con más frecuencia fueron las verrugas anogenitales. El tratamiento más usado fue la doxiciclina. CONCLUSIONES: La detección de CT en nuestra consulta es elevada, procediendo en su mayoría las muestras de varones jóvenes. Demostramos una alta incidencia de infección genital asintomática por CT en pacientes sin prácticas sexuales de alto riesgo y que acudieron a la consulta por otros motivos. Es necesario el despistaje sistemático de CT en la consulta de ITS para tratar de forma precoz al paciente y a sus parejas recientes

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection is common in our setting and early treatment can prevent complications. The aim of this study was to report on patients diagnosed with C trachomatis genital infection in a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study of patients diagnosed with C trachomatis infection between 2010 and 2011. We recorded demographic data and information on sexual habits, concomitant sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and various aspects of treatment. RESULTS: In total, 12.3% of the samples analyzed were positive for C trachomatis genital infection. Sixty-two patients (43 men) with a mean age of 31 years were studied; 75% were heterosexual and 87% had had a sexual partner in the previous 2 months. Condom use was inconsistent in 81%, 79%, and 65% of patients who practiced vaginal, oral, and anal sex, respectively. Thirteen percent of the patients had symptoms and anogenital warts were the most common associated STI. The most widely used treatment was doxycycline. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of genital C trachomatis infection was detected in our STD clinic, and the majority of cases were found in young men. We observed a high rate of asymptomatic infection in patients who do not engage in high-risk sexual behavior and who had come to the clinic for another reason. Systematic screening of C trachomatis infection should be implemented in STD units to enable the early treatment of patients and their recent sexual partners

Analysis of patients with Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection in an STD clinic.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection is common in our setting and early treatment can prevent complications. The aim of this study was to report on patients diagnosed with C trachomatis genital infection in a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study of patients diagnosed with C. trachomatis infection between 2010 and 2011. We recorded demographic data and information on sexual habits, concomitant sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and various aspects of treatment. RESULTS: In total, 12.3% of the samples analyzed were positive for C trachomatis genital infection. Sixty-two patients (43 men) with a mean age of 31 years were studied; 75% were heterosexual and 87% had had a sexual partner in the previous 2 months. Condom use was inconsistent in 81%, 79%, and 65% of patients who practiced vaginal, oral, and anal sex, respectively. Thirteen percent of the patients had symptoms and anogenital warts were the most common associated STI. The most widely used treatment was doxycycline. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of genital C. trachomatis infection was detected in our STD clinic, and the majority of cases were found in young men. We observed a high rate of asymptomatic infection in patients who do not engage in high-risk sexual behavior and who had come to the clinic for another reason. Systematic screening of C. trachomatis infection should be implemented in STD units to enable the early treatment of patients and their recent sexual partners.

Infiltración cutánea por linfocitos T CD8+ asociada a virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana / Cutaneous CD8+ T-cell Infiltrates Associated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

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Seudoxantoma elástico en el diagnóstico diferencial de las calcificaciones axilares en la mamografía / Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum in the Differential Diagnosis of Axillary Calcifications on Mammography

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