Shall we play together? Game-based learning for engagement and classroom climate in Spanish socially deprived communities.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of a game-based learning (GBL) program on the classroom climate and engagement of high schools in socially deprived communities in Spain. Methods: The study included 277 students from two secondary schools located in Southern Spain, situated in Zones in Need of Social Transformation. Sampling was non-probabilistic and accidental, based on the accessibility of the school and the willingness of the management and teaching staff to participate in the GBL program. The study employed a control group and two experimental groups (cooperative games group only and cooperative and competitive games group) to compare pre-test and post-test data in both groups. The Brief Class Climate Scale and Engagement Inventory, validated in academic literature, were used as assessment instruments. Results: The study used a series of ANOVA tests to compare the experimental groups with the control group. The results indicated statistically significant changes in all study variables. In all cases, the experimental groups demonstrated greater benefits than the control group. Discussion and conclusion: The study findings reveal that games can provide significant benefits to students, regardless of whether they are cooperative or competitive. The study provides evidence of the benefits of GBL in high schools located in socially deprived communities in Spain.

Acquisition of Learning and Empathy Towards Patients in Nursing Students Through Online Escape Room: An Exploratory Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Currently, there are still prejudices and negative beliefs towards people with severe mental disorder. The stigma of healthcare professionals can affect both recovery time and patients' own self-stigma. In universities, it is necessary to reduce these prejudices through training on mental health. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research has been to assess the use of educational escape rooms as a learning and awareness strategy on stigmatizing attitudes towards people with serious mental disorders in university students. METHODS: An online escape room has been designed whose narrative shows the daily life of a person with a serious mental illness. An exploratory qualitative study has been carried out to explore the perception of 44 university students from two Andalusian universities about this escape room. RESULTS: The results of the study show that most of the interviewed students consider that the educational escape room has been a fun and motivating learning strategy, which has allowed them to learn cooperatively and empathize with the protagonist with a mental disorder. CONCLUSION: Online escape rooms can be a useful strategy for teaching health sciences students. Considering it a fun activity, students are more participatory and engaged to the curricular content, in our case, stigmatizing attitudes towards people with serious mental disorders.

Factors to enhance the development of inclusive university communities: ideas, beliefs and attitudes of university teachers towards disability / Factores para potenciar el desarrollo de comunidades universitarias inclusivas: ideas, creencias y actitudes del profesorado universitario hacia la discapacidad

The success of the processes of inclusion depends on several factors, including the level of empowerment of the educational community in the process where the role of teachers is a key element, because their attitude and expectations of students with special educational needs will influence their self-esteem, motivation and learning. This article investigates the ideas, beliefs and attitudes towards SEN students demonstrated by teachers, and analyses the variables of gender, age, years of teaching experience, contacts and information about disability on these attitudes. Overall, it was observed that teachers' attitudes were positive; however they showed a lack of knowledge of the experiences of inclusion of students with disabilities at the university and required more training and information. The results are discussed, the limitations of the study are presented, and suggestions for future research are offered.(AU)

El éxito de los procesos de inclusión depende de varios factores, entre ellos del nivel de empoderamiento de la comunidad educativa frente al proceso. En este sentido, el rol del docente es un elemento clave, ya que la actitud y las expectativas que muestren ante los alumnos que presentan necesidades educativas especiales, influirán positiva o negativamente en su autoestima, motivación y aprendizaje. En el presente artículo se indagan en las ideas, creencias y actitudes hacia estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales, de docentes, y se analiza la influencia que las variables género, edad, años de experiencia docente, contacto e información sobre la discapacidad tienen sobre dichas actitudes. En general, se pudo apreciar que las actitudes que presentaban los docentes eran bastante positivas, no obstante mostraban un gran desconocimiento de las experiencias de inclusión de los estudiantes con discapacidad que se llevan a cabo en su universidad, demandando mayor formación e información. Se discuten los resultados, se presentan las limitaciones del estudio, y se ofrecen futuras líneas de investigación.(AU)

Testing the Factorial Validity of the Classroom Engagement Inventory with Spanish Students.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the study was to test the factorial validity of Classroom Engagement Inventory of Wang, Bergin and Bergin with Spanish high school students. METHODS: In this study, 546 students participated (mean = 13.27, standard deviation = 0.629), from several high schools in Andalusia. To analyze the psychometric properties of the scale, several analyses were carried out. RESULTS: The results offered support for the five-factor structure. The analysis of invariance with respect to gender showed that the factor structure of the questionnaire was invariant. The Cronbach alpha values were higher than 0.70 in the subscales. DISCUSSION: The results of this study demonstrated the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Classroom Engagement Inventory with high school students.

Testing the Structural Validity of the Self-Stigma Scale in Relatives of People with Autism in the Spanish Context.

Sometimes, relatives of children with autism experience feelings of guilt, abandonment and devaluation, as they tend to see themselves as the cause of their children's illness. This causes social isolation and psychological discomfort. However, there are no scales that assess self-stigma. Therefore, the aim of the study is to show evidence of the validity and reliability of the Self-Stigma Scale in Relatives of People with Mental Illness in the Spanish context in relation to autism. A total of 287 progenitors participated in the study. For the validation and adaptation process, three confirmatory factor analyses, analysis of invariance across gender, reliability analysis and temporal stability, were carried out. The results revealed that the factor structure of the questionnaire was adequate, showing adequate levels of reliability.

The Influence of the Scout Movement as a Free Time Option on Improving Academic Performance, Self-Esteem and Social Skills in Adolescents.

The word scouting refers to the Scout movement, born more than a hundred years ago, which educates millions of young people between the ages of six and twenty-one in their leisure time. We aimed to study the effects of scouting on the academic results, social skills, and self-esteem of high school youths compared to a non-scout sample. The selected sample consisted of 430 secondary students aged between thirteen and seventeen. Self-esteem and social skills were measured, and the average mark of the total sample was analysed. After the study, it was shown that belonging to the scout movement significantly influences the improvement of academic results in formal education and conflict resolution; however, there are no statistically significant differences in self-esteem and other social skills.

Validation of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale (AAS) for the Spanish Context.

Increased longevity has led to concerns and fears among the population about the inexorable process of ageing. This process causes individuals to become more anxious about the physical and psychosocial changes caused by the passage of time. However, there are currently no scales in the Spanish context that analyse ageing. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to validate the Anxiety about Aging scale to the Spanish context. In the present study, 594 subjects between 25 and 64 years old participated. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used. The results revealed that the factor structure of the questionnaire shows adequate psychometric properties, showing a four-factor factor structure.

Emotional state of family members of adults with retinal degeneration / Estado emocional de familiares de adultos con degeneración retiniana

Various studies have documented the emotional changes that accompany the loss of vision in people with retinal degeneration (such as Retinitis Pigmentosa), but the emotional state of family members who live with them has not been extensively studied. However it is known that chronic diseases have repercussions not only on the well-being and quality of life of those affected, but also on their families, possibly making them more susceptible to depression and/or anxiety. Results from 37 family members tested against a control group (38 people) partially supported our hypothesis and revealed that the family members showed higher levels of anxiety, especially the women, whereas partners showed higher scores in depression. The findings indicated that the family members should be receiving some kind of support to help them to resolve problems associated with the progression of the visual pathology (AU)

Distintos estudios han documentado los cambios emocionales que acompañan a la pérdida de visión en personas con degeneración retiniana (como la retinosis pigmentaria), pero el estado emocional de miembros de la familia que conviven con ellas, no ha sido muy estudiado. Sin embargo, es conocido que la presencia de enfermedades crónicas no sólo repercute en el bienestar y calidad de vida de los afectados, sino también en el de sus familiares, haciéndoles posiblemente más vulnerables a la depresión y o la ansiedad. Los resultados obtenidos de 37 miembros de familias de personas afectadas, frente a un grupo control (38 personas), apoya parcialmente nuestra hipótesis y revela que los primeros mostraban niveles más altos de ansiedad, principalmente las mujeres; mientras las parejas de afectados presentaban puntuaciones más altas en depresión. Los hallazgos indicaban que los miembros de familias de personas afectadas deberían recibir algún tipo de apoyo para ayudarles a resolver problemas asociados al avance de la patología visual (AU)

Depresión y ansiedad en personas con retinosis pigmentaria, sus familiares y un grupo externo / Depression and Anxiety in people with Retinitis Pigmentosa, their family and a control group

El objetivo del presente estudio era determinar la posible presencia de depresión y/o ansiedad en adultos con retinosis pigmentaria (RP), así como en sus familiares, frente a un grupo control. Se pretendía además averiguar si la agudeza visual (AV) tiene alguna repercusión en estas variables. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Ansiedad STAI y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck. Los resultados mostraban que la ansiedad era mayor en personas con RP y sus familiares, como estado y como rasgo; también se ponía de manifiesto la presencia de depresión leve en los afectados, mientras que no se hallaba en el resto de los grupos. No se encontró relación entre estas variables y la AV en el grupo con RP. Se recomienda evaluar la ansiedad y la depresión tras el diagnóstico de la enfermedad y transcurrido un tiempo, con el fin de proporcionar apoyo psicológico a los afectados y a los familiares..

The aim of this study was to determine the possible presence of depression and / or anxiety in adults with Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), as well as their families, compared to a control group. It was also intended to determine if the Visual Acuity (VA) have any impact on the variables analyzed. It was used the State – Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory. Results showed that anxiety was higher in people with RP and their families, as a state and as a feature, and the presence of mild depression in RP group. No relationship was found between VA and these variables. It is recommended to evaluate anxiety and depression variables just after the diagnosis of the disease and again over time, in order to provide psychological support to those affected and their families...

Estudio de las actitudes de estudiantes de Ciencias Sociales y Psicología: relevancia de la información y contacto con personas discapacitadas / Study of the attitudes of university students coming from Social Sciences and Psychology: relevance of the information and contact with the disabled

El objetivo de este artículo es conocer las actitudes hacia la discapacidad del alumnado procedente de titulaciones de Ciencias Sociales y Psicología, matriculado en asignaturas en las que se proporciona información sobre la discapacidad. También se pretende determinar la influencia en estas actitudes del contacto con discapacitados. Se aplicó la Escala de Actitudes Hacia las Personas con Discapacidad de Verdugo, Jenaro y Arias (1995) a un grupo de 470 estudiantes de la Universidad de Granada. Los resultados mostraron que el alumnado presentaba actitudes positivas hacia los discapacitados, existiendo diferencias según la titulación cursada y siendo además relevante el hecho de mantener contacto con la persona discapacitada. Se discuten los resultados obtenidos y se ofrecen sugerencias para futuras investigaciones.

The aim of this article is to know university student´s attitudes towards people with disabilities coming from Social Sciences and Psychology, registered in subjects in which information is provided on the disability. Also it is tried to analyze the influence of the contact with disabled. One scale measured subject´s attitudes towards people with disabilities, Escala de Actitudes Hacia las Personas con Discapacidad of Verdugo, Jenaro & Arias (1995). This scale was administered to 470 student´s from University of Granada. The results showed that the students presented positive attitudes towards the disabled persons, existing differences according to the degree and being in addition excellent the fact to maintain contact with the disabled person. These findings are discussed in relation to previous research and suggestions for future research are considered.