Barriers and facilitators in the implementation of a telemedicine-based outpatient brain tumor surgery program.

OBJECTIVE: Despite growing evidence on the benefits of outpatient oncological neurosurgery (OON), it is only performed in a few specialized centers and there are no previous descriptions of established OON programs in Europe. Moreover, increasing application of telemedicine strategies, especially after the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is drastically changing neurosurgical management, particularly in the case of vulnerable populations such as neuro-oncological patients. In this context, the authors implemented an OON program in their hospital with telematic follow-up. Herein, they describe the protocol and qualitatively analyze the barriers and facilitators of the development process. METHODS: An OON program was developed through the following steps: assessment of hospital needs, specific OON training, multidisciplinary team organization, and OON protocol design. In addition, the implementation phase included training sessions, a pilot study, and continuous improvement sessions. Finally, barriers and facilitators of the protocol's implementation were identified from the feedback of all participants. RESULTS: An OON protocol was successfully designed and implemented for resection or biopsy of supratentorial lesions up to 3 cm in diameter. The protocol included the patient's admission to the day surgery unit, noninvasive anesthetic monitoring, same-day discharge, and admission to the hospital-at-home (HaH) unit for telematic and on-site postoperative care. After a pilot study including 10 procedures in 9 patients, the main barriers identified were healthcare provider resistance to change, lack of experience in outpatient neurosurgery, patient reluctance, and limitations in the recruitment of patients. Key facilitators of the process were the patient education program, the multidisciplinary team approach, and the HaH-based telematic postoperative care. CONCLUSIONS: Initiating an OON program with telematic follow-up in a European clinical setting is feasible. Nevertheless, it poses several barriers that can be overcome by identifying and maximizing key facilitators of the process. Among them, patient education, a multidisciplinary team approach, and HaH-based postoperative care were crucial to the success of the program. Future studies should investigate the cost-effectiveness of telemedicine to assess potential cost savings, from reduced travel and wait times, and the impact on patient satisfaction.

Efficiency of a self-administered outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (s-opat) for infective endocarditis within the context of a shortened hospital admission based on hospital at home program.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of treatment of infectious endocarditis (IE) via Self-administered Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (S-OPAT) supported by a shortening hospital admission program in a hospitalization-at-home unit (HAH), including a short review of the literature. METHODS: Ambispective cohort study of 57 episodes of IE in 54 patients treated in an HAH unit between 1988 and 2014 who receive S-OPAT after prior intra-hospital clinical stabilization. Characteristics of each episode of IE, safety and efficiency of the care model, were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-three (76%) patients were males with a median age of 61 years (SD = 16.5). A total of 37 (65%) episodes affected the native valve (42% the aortic valve). In 75%, a micro-organism was isolated, of which 88% were Gram-positive bacteria. No deaths occurred during HAH program, clinical complications appeared in 30% of episodes, only 6 patients were re-admitted to hospital although no patient died. In the 12 months' follow-up 3 cases had a recurrence. The average cost of a day stay in HAH was €174 while in traditional cardiology hospitalization was €1100. The total average cost of treatment of each episode of IE managed entirely in hospital was calculated as €54,723. Application of the S-OPAT model based on HAH meant a cost reduction of 32.72%. CONCLUSIONS: In suitably selected patients, treatment of IE based on S-OPAT supported by a shortening hospital admission care program by means of referral to a HAH unit is a safe and efficient care model which entails a significant cost saving for the public healthcare system.

Early Discharge Programme on Hospital-at-Home Evaluation for Patients with Immediate Postoperative Course after Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery.

BACKGROUND: To audit the safety of the early hospital discharge care model offered by a Hospital-at-home (HAH) unit during early postoperative follow-up of these patients, and to determine whether this care model is more efficient compared to the traditional care model. METHODS: A prospective study of 50 patients included consecutively for 1 year in an early discharge programme after laparoscopic colorectal surgery was performed. As of day 3 after surgery, if the patient met the relevant inclusion criteria they were transferred to the HAH unit. The domiciliary protocol consists of daily clinical follow-up and a series of analytical controls with the purpose of early detection of postoperative complications. If the clinical course was favourable on day 7 after the postoperative period the patient was discharged. RESULTS: A total of 66% were males, and the mean age was 60.6 years. The surgical procedure most commonly performed was sigmoidectomy. The mean stay was 5.5 days. There were no deaths during follow-up. The average estimated cost per day of stay in a HAH system was EUR 174.29 whilst the same average cost on a surgery ward stood at EUR 1,032.42. CONCLUSIONS: For patients undergoing major colorectal surgery with minimally invasive surgical technique, an early hospital discharge care programme by means of referral to a HAH unit is a safe and efficient care model which entails a significant cost saving for the public healthcare system.

An estimate of the cost of administering intravenous biological agents in Spanish day hospitals.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the unit costs of administering intravenous (IV) biological agents in day hospitals (DHs) in the Spanish National Health System. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data were obtained from 188 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, collected from nine DHs, receiving one of the following IV therapies: infliximab (n=48), rituximab (n=38), abatacept (n=41), or tocilizumab (n=61). The fieldwork was carried out between March 2013 and March 2014. The following three groups of costs were considered: 1) structural costs, 2) material costs, and 3) staff costs. Staff costs were considered a fixed cost and were estimated according to the DH theoretical level of activity, which includes, as well as personal care of each patient, the DH general activities (complete imputation method, CIM). In addition, an alternative calculation was performed, in which the staff costs were considered a variable cost imputed according to the time spent on direct care (partial imputation method, PIM). All costs were expressed in euros for the reference year 2014. RESULTS: The average total cost was €146.12 per infusion (standard deviation [SD] ±87.11; CIM) and €29.70 per infusion (SD ±11.42; PIM). The structure-related costs per infusion varied between €2.23 and €62.35 per patient and DH; the cost of consumables oscillated between €3.48 and €20.34 per patient and DH. In terms of the care process, the average difference between the shortest and the longest time taken by different hospitals to administer an IV biological therapy was 113 minutes. CONCLUSION: The average total cost of infusion was less than that normally used in models of economic evaluation coming from secondary sources. This cost is even less when the staff costs are imputed according to the PIM. A high degree of variability was observed between different DHs in the cost of the consumables, in the structure-related costs, and in those of the care process.

Self-administered outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (S-OPAT) for infective endocarditis: a safe and effective model.

The safety and efficacy of treatment of infectious endocarditis (IE) was evaluated within a program of hospital-in-home (HIH) based on self-administered outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (S-OPAT). IE episodes (n=48 in 45 patients; 71% middle-aged males) were recruited into the HIH program between 1998 and 2012. Following treatment stabilization at the hospital they returned home for HIH in which a physician and/or a nurse supervised the S-OPAT. Safety and efficacy were evaluated as mortality, re-occurrence, and unexpected re-admission to hospital. Of the episodes of IE, 83.3% had comorbidities with a mean score of 2.3 on the Charlson index and 1.5 on the Profund index; 60.4% had pre-existing valve disease (58.6% having had surgical intervention); 8.3% of patients had suffered a previous IE episode; 62.5% of all episodes affected a native valve; 45.8% being mitral; 70.8% of infection derived from the community. In 75% of the episodes there was micro-organism growth, of which 83.3% were Gram positive. Overall duration of antibiotic treatment was 4.8 weeks; 60.4% of this time corresponding to HIH. Re-admission occurred in 12.5% of episodes of which 33.3% returned to HIH to complete the S-OPAT. No deaths occurred during HIH. One year after discharge, 2 patients had recurrence and 5 patients died, in 2 of whom previous IE as cause-of-death could not be excluded. In conclusion, the S-OPAT schedule of hospital-in-home is safe and efficacious in selected patients with IE.

[Hospital at home for acutely ill older]. / Hospitalización a domicilio del anciano con enfermedad aguda.

The aging of population uses to evolve suffering from chronic diseases, many times in pluripathological shaped, which may engender frailty, disability and, as a last term, dependence. The aggravation of those and/or the appearance of others acute processes become the old people into a regular patient of our hospitals. The hospital at home (HaH) has showed that it may play an important role in the provision of range hospital cares to these patients, unimpaired of efficacy and security; but with indubitable benefits within the scope of their comfort (physical, psychical) and in the field of their functional condition. Available technical means at the present day and the staff's professionalism from these units make easier that any serious illness, medical or surgical, will be subsidiary in this type of attention sometime during their hospital care process. The HaH permits a more efficient rationalization of sanitary resources and should play an important role in the longed for interconnection between primary attention and specialized one.

Hospitalización a domicilio del anciano con enfermedad aguda / Hospital at home for acutely ill older

El envejecimiento de la población suele llevar aparejado el sufrimiento de enfermedades crónicas, muchas veces en forma de pluripatología, que pueden generar fragilidad, discapacidad y, en último término, dependencia. La agravación de aquéllas y/o la intercurrencia de otros procesos agudos hacen que el anciano sea un asiduo cliente de nuestros hospitales. La hospitalización a domicilio (HaD) ha demostrado que puede jugar un papel importante en el suministro de cuidados de rango hospitalario a estos pacientes, sin menoscabo de la eficacia y de la seguridad, pero con indudables ventajas en el ámbito de su confort (físico, psíquico) y en el terreno de su situación funcional. Los medios técnicos disponibles en la actualidad y la profesionalidad del personal de estas unidades facilitan que cualquier enfermedad grave, médica o quirúrgica, sea subsidiaria de este tipo de atención en algún momento de su proceso asistencial hospitalario. La HaD permite una racionalización más eficiente de los recursos sanitarios y debería jugar un importante papel en la ansiada interconexión entre la atención primaria y la atención especializada (AU)

The aging of population uses to evolve suffering from chronic diseases, many times in pluripathological shaped, which may engender frailty, disability and, as a last term, dependence. The aggravation of those and/or the appearance of others acute processes become the old people into a regular patient of our hospitals. The hospital at home (HaH) has showed that it may play an important role in the provision of range hospital cares to these patients, unimpaired of efficacy and security; but with indubitable benefits within the scope of their comfort (physical, psychical) and in the field of their functional condition. Available technical means at the present day and the staff's professionalism from these units make easier that any serious illness, medical or surgical, will be subsidiary in this type of attention sometime during their hospital care process. The HaH permits a more efficient rationalization of sanitary resources and should play an important role in the longed for interconnection between primary attention and specialized one (AU)

[Patients with multimorbidity in the hospital setting]. / El paciente pluripatológico en el ámbito hospitalario.

OBJECTIVES: Hospitals attend patients with multiple chronic diseases. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of these patients, as well as their main sociodemographic and management characteristics. METHODS: We performed a descriptive study based on information from the minimum data set and a functional definition of patients with multimorbidity. Age, sex, admitting specialty, cause of admission, discharge and days of hospital stay were estimated for patients discharged from a university hospital in 2003. RESULTS: Patients with multimorbidity represented 16.9% (95% CI: 15.8-18.1%) of admissions. These patients were mainly elderly men who tended to be admitted urgently to medical specialties. Discharge to home was less frequent and days of hospital stay tended to be longer. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with multiple comorbidities have well-defined characteristics that allow them to be retrospectively identified through analysis of the minimum data set. Although nearly all services discharged these patients, most of them were discharged from medical specialties.

El paciente pluripatológico en el ámbito hospitalario / Patients with multimorbidity in the hospital setting

Objetivos: Los hospitales atienden a pacientes pluripatológicos que sufren de forma simultánea varias enfermedades crónicas. En este estudio se estima la prevalencia, así como las principales características demográficas y de gestión asociadas. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo a partir del conjunto mínimo básico de datos (CMBD) y de una definición funcional de paciente pluripatológico. Se recogen los datos sobre el sexo, la edad, el servicio de ingreso, el motivo de ingreso, el alta y los días de estancia en los pacientes de un hospital universitario durante el año 2003. Resultados: El 16,9% (intervalo de confianza del 95%, 15,8-18,1) de los ingresos fueron pacientes pluripatológicos. Éstos eran de mayor edad, varones, ingresaron más frecuentemente de forma urgente y en el área de especialidades médicas, fueron derivados en menos ocasiones a su domicilio y generaron mayor estancia. Conclusiones: Los pacientes pluripatológicos presentan características diferenciales que permiten su identificación retrospectiva mediante el análisis del CMBD. Aunque casi todos los servicios dieron de alta a estos pacientes, la mayoría fueron atendidos en servicios de especialidades médicas (AU)

Objectives: Hospitals attend patients with multiple chronic diseases. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of these patients, as well as their main sociodemographic and management characteristics. Methods: We performed a descriptive study based on information from the minimum data set and a functional definition of patients with multimorbidity. Age, sex, admitting specialty, cause of admission, discharge and days of hospital stay were estimated for patients discharged from a university hospital in 2003. Results: Patients with multimorbidity represented 16.9% (95% CI: 15.8-18.1%) of admissions. These patients were mainly elderly men who tended to be admitted urgently to medical specialties. Discharge to home was less frequent and days of hospital stay tended to be longer. Conclusions: Patients with multiple comorbidities have well-defined characteristics that allow them to be retrospectively identified through analysis of the minimum data set. Although nearly all services discharged these patients, most of them were discharged from medical specialties (AU)

Bloqueo neuromuscular por interacción entre amikacina intravenosa y baclofeno intratecal / Neuromuscular blockade due to intravenous amikacine and intrathecal baclofen

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No disponible

Manejo del paciente pluripatológico en una unidad de hospitalización domiciliaria / Managing the patient with multimorbidity in a hospital at home unit

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Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina y hospitalización a domicilio / Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and hospital at home

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