Hernia incisional con eventración de útero grávido / Incisional hernia with incision of gravid uterus

La herniación de útero grávido es una complicación potencialmente grave que requiere una valoración multidisciplinar y control frecuente, ya que puede conllevar numerosas complicaciones obstétricas. Su manejo no está consensuado

Herniation of a pregnant uterus is a rare complication that requires multidisciplinary management to achieve a pregnancy to term without complications and optimal repair. Here we report a case of uterine hernia diagnosed in second trimester, its management and treatment

Rotura uterina espontánea secundaria a acretismo placentario en gestante tras suturas hemostáticas (B-Lynch) en embarazo anterior / Spontaneous uterine rupture secondary to placental accreta in pregnancy after hemostatic sutures (B-Lynch) in previous pregnancy

Introducción: el acretismo placentario se presenta en tres de cada 1.000 embarazos, siendo el principal factor de riesgo una cicatriz uterina previa. La morbilidad materna está principalmente causada por la hemorragia masiva y la fetal por la prematuridad. El uso de suturas hemostáticas que se está introduciendo en el manejo actual de la hemorragia postparto podría influir en su aparición. Caso clínico: se reporta el caso de una gestante de 24+4 semanas con dolor abdominal difuso, mal estado general y palidez muco-cutánea. Entre sus antecedentes obstétricos destaca la realización de una cesárea por fallo de inducción que precisó de la realización de suturas hemostáticas (B-Lynch y capitonaje) en el tratamiento de una hemorragia postparto. Los hallazgos ecográficos y la caída del hematocrito hacen sospechar un hemoperitoneo que se confirma mediante tomografía axial computerizada, la cual hace sospechar una posible rotura uterina y placenta percreta. El caso fue exitosamente manejado mediante cirugía urgente, finalizando la gestación mediante cesárea y posterior histerectomía subtotal. Discusión: el acretismo previo y la existencia de suturas hemostáticas podrían haber actuado como factores de riesgo de la rotura uterina espontánea (AU)

Background: Accreta placenta occurs in three of every 1.000 pregnancies, being a previous uterine scar the main risk factor. The main cause of maternal morbidity is massive bleeding and the main cause of fetal morbidity is prematurity. The use of hemostatic sutures, that is being introduced in the current management of postpartum hemorrhage, could influence in the accreta placenta apparition. Case report: We report a case of a pregnant woman whith 24 + 4-week gestation with diffuse abdominal pain, poor general condition and muco-cutaneous pallor. Among her obstetrical history it should be notes that a cesarean section, due to induction failure and which required hemostatic sutures (B-Lynch and capitonage), was performed in the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. The ultrasound findings and the hematocrit drop suggested a hemoperitoneum that was confirmed by computer tomography, and what made one suspect a possible uterine rupture and percreta placenta. The case was successfully managed by urgent surgery, by cesarean delivery and subtotal hysterectomy. Discussion: Previous accretism and the existence of hemostatic sutures could be a risk factor for spontaneous uterine ruptura (AU)

Ultrasound, Echocardiography, MRI, and Genetic Analysis of a Fetus with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Partial 11q Trisomy.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a serious birth defect with a significant mortality and morbidity. The current and constant progress in ultrasound techniques has led to the improvement of the prenatal diagnosis of this malformation. CDH is a developmental defect whose etiology is heterogeneous and takes place when the pleuroperitoneal folds and septum transversum fail to converge and fuse. Survival depends on the extent of pulmonary hypoplasia and the disease may be potentially worsened by the presence of added congenital defects. 40% of CDH cases are associated with at least one additional anomaly. The ultrasound diagnosis is established with essential signs: loss of uniform echogenicity of lungs and marked mediastinal shift. We report the case of a fetus with isolated CDH diagnosed at 21 weeks of gestation by ultrasound and confirmed by RMI, whose genetic analysis of amniotic fluid cells identified a de novo partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 11. Different genetic causes have been associated with CDH. Moreover, it is expectable that the use of new techniques for prenatal diagnosis will reveal novel CNVs associated with CDH and will help us to estimate the recurrence risk for this defect as well as for other associated anomalies.