RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by prolonged exposure of the esophageal mucosa to gastric content, with esophageal motility playing a pivotal role in its pathophysiology. This study employs a cross-sectional design to investigate the interplay between esophageal motility, the severity of esophagitis, and age in individuals presenting with GERD symptoms. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective is to assess proximal and distal esophageal contractions in individuals with GERD symptoms, exploring potential correlations with the severity of esophageal lesions and age. METHODS: A total of 47 patients reporting heartburn and acid regurgitation underwent diagnostic investigations, including esophageal manometry, radiological examinations, and endoscopy. Patients were categorized into groups based on the presence and severity of esophagitis. Esophageal contractions were monitored using a manometric method at various distances from the UES after swallowing 5 mL of water. RESULTS: Patients with severe esophagitis (SE) exhibited a reduced distal esophageal contraction amplitude compared to those without esophagitis (WE) or with moderate esophagitis (ME). No significant age-related differences were observed in esophageal contractions. Analyses included contraction amplitude, duration, area under the curve (AUC), and propagation time. CONCLUSION: This study provides insights into the nuanced relationship between esophageal motility, esophagitis severity, and age in GERD patients. The findings highlight the significance of distal esophageal contractions in SE cases, suggesting potential implications for disease progression. Age did not emerge as a significant factor influencing esophageal motility in this patient cohort.
RESUMO
Gastric squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare and puzzling entity that challenges conventional paradigms of gastric malignancies, especially in young adults. This case report presents a 22-year-old male with invasive SCC of the stomach, emphasizing the rarity of such occurrences and their diagnostic challenges. The literature review underscores the scarcity of information on gastric SCC, necessitating a critical examination of its clinical implications, etiological factors, and optimal management. The patient's complex medical history, diagnostic journey, and treatment course are detailed, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and advanced diagnostic techniques. Immunohistochemistry is a crucial tool for precise tumor characterization, and the absence of established risk factors emphasizes the enigmatic nature of gastric SCC. This case report contributes to the understanding of gastric SCC, prompting further research into its unique features, etiology, and therapeutic strategies in the context of gastric cancer.
