Physiotherapy Interventions in Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a very common disease and leads to a series of sequelae such as reduced lung capacity or reduced functional capacity in patients, which are associated not only with the disease itself, but also with medical treatment. Thus, physiotherapeutic interventions are needed to improve quality of life and reduce these symptoms. OBJECTIVES: To find out the effects of physiotherapy on functional capacity, lung capacity, dyspnea, pain, and quality of life in lung cancer patients. METHODS: A systematic review was carried out in five databases. Randomized clinical trials published between 2019-2023 were selected, in which the physiotherapeutic treatment was physical exercise and/or respiratory physiotherapy. RESULTS: Nine articles were included, in which the total sample consisted of 635 lung cancer patients. When combined, respiratory physiotherapy and physical exercise improved functional capacity and lung capacity (p < 0.05). Dyspnea also improved, but less significance was shown in the included studies. CONCLUSIONS: Multimodal physiotherapy interventions may offer benefits for some lung cancer patients, but the extent and nature of these benefits may vary depending on the intervention applied. Therefore, it would be of great interest to carry out further scientific research to support this conclusion.

Is a telerehabilitation programme for older adults with hip fracture associated with burden of family caregivers who provide support?

Objective: @ctivehip is a home-based multidisciplinary telerehabilitation programme for older adults with hip fracture, conducted with the assistance of their family caregivers. This programme was useful in improving their functional recovery. Nevertheless, we were concerned about how the programme might have affected caregivers, whose assistance was essential for supporting older adults in using new technologies and ensuring their safety during the exercises and activities at home. The aim of the present study was to compare the burden, psychological factors and physical fitness of the family caregivers of older adults who opted the @ctivehip telerehabilitation programme versus those family caregivers of older adults who received the face-to-face rehabilitation provided by the Andalusian Public Healthcare System (in Spain). Methods: In this single-blinded, non-randomized clinical trial, participants were older adults with hip fracture and their family caregivers. The telerehabilitation group (n = 30) underwent a 12-week multidisciplinary telerehabilitation programme, and the comparative group (n = 32) received face-to-face rehabilitation. Caregivers outcomes measured were (i) the burden using the Zarit Burden Interview, (ii) the anxiety and depression with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and (iii) the Physical Fitness with the International Fitness Scale (IFIS). Results: There were not statistically significant differences on caregiver burden between family caregivers in the @ctivehip and the comparative group, although there was a trend towards lower values [[Mean (95%CI); 14.73 (9.09 to 20.37) vs 16.03 (10.63 to 21.43); p = 0.771] as well as for anxiety and depression [5.66 (3.21 to 8.78) vs 11.19 (8.52 to 13.86); p = 0.022]. Likewise achieved better, though not statistically significant, scores in physical fitness [19.37 (17.94 to 20.81) vs 17.15 (15.77 to 18.53); p = 0.055]. Conclusion: Caregiver burden is not associated with telerehabilitation. In addition, telerehabilitation is associated with lower anxiety and depression levels among family caregivers who opt for this programme. Physical fitness is not related with telerehabilitation.

Caracterización de pacientes con fisura labiopalatina / Characterization of Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate

Introducción: Las fisuras labiopalatinas son los defectos congénitos más frecuentemente atendidas en los servicios de cirugía maxilofacial pediátricos. Estas aparecen precozmente en la vida intrauterina durante el período embrionario e inicio del período fetal. Objetivo: Examinar las características clínicas de pacientes con fisuras labiopalatinas. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. El universo de estudio quedó conformado por 91 historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en el departamento de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Pediátrico Universitario William Soler Ledea en La Habana, entre 2015 y 2019. Las variables medidas fueron edad, sexo, tipo de fisura, defectos congénitos aislados y defectos congénitos múltiples. Resultados: Predominaron las féminas con 57,1 por ciento y las edades menores de un año para el 54,9 por ciento. Las fisuras palatinas aisladas se presentaron con mayor frecuencia (39,6 ciento) y las fisuras labiales del lado izquierdo se mostraron en 18 pacientes (32,7 ciento). El defecto congénito aislado más usual resultó la comunicación interventricular (4,4 ciento) y el defecto congénito múltiple resultó el síndrome de Goldenhar (5,5 ciento). Conclusiones: En los niños estudiados con fisuras labio palatinas existió predominio del sexo femenino, fundamentalmente, en las niñas con menos de cinco años. La fisura palatina aislada resultó la más frecuente; un pequeño grupo de pacientes presentó defectos congénitos asociados, sobre todo cardiovasculares; y los defectos congénitos múltiples se vincularon con mayor frecuencia con las fisuras palatinas aisladas(AU)

Introduction: Cleft lip and palate are the most frequently seen congenital defects in pediatric maxillofacial surgery services. They appear early in intrauterine life during the embryonic and early fetal period. Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics of patients with cleft lip and palate. Methods: Descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. The study universe consisted of 91 clinical histories of patients attended at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of William Soler Ledea University Pediatric Hospital in Havana, between 2015 and 2019. The variables measured were age, sex, type of cleft, isolated congenital defects and multiple congenital defects. Results: Females predominated with 57.1 prencent and ages younger than one year (54.9 precent). Isolated cleft palates were more frequent (39.6 precent) and left-sided lip clefts were present in 18 patients (32.7 precent). The most usual isolated congenital defect was ventricular septal defect (4.4 precent) and multiple congenital defect resulted in Goldenhar syndrome (5.5 precent). Conclusions: In the children studied with cleft lip and palate there was a predominance of the female sex, mainly in girls under five years of age. Isolated cleft palate was the most frequent; and small group of patients presented cleft palate defects (AU)

Adsorption of Heavy Metals Ions from Mining Metallurgical Tailings Leachate Using a Shell-Based Adsorbent: Characterization, Kinetics and Isotherm Studies.

This study defines the optimal parameters that allow the use of waste mollusk shells (WS) to remove heavy metals from three mining and metallurgical leachates. First, the influence of parameters such as pH, contact time, initial metal concentration, adsorbent dose and the presence of co-ions in Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ adsorption was investigated in synthetic solutions. Metal uptake was found to be dependent on the initial pH of the solution, the removal rate increasing with the increase in pH, showing the highest affinity at pH 5-6. The removal efficiency at lower concentrations was greater than at higher values. The competitive adsorption results on bimetallic solutions showed that the adsorption capacity of the sorbent was restricted by the presence of other ions and suppressed the uptake of heavy metals compared to the single adsorption. Cu2+ was the metal that most inhibited the removal of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+. The Langmuir isotherm provided the best fit to the experimental data for Cu2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ and the Freundlich isotherm, for Ni2+. The data showed that the maximum adsorption capacity amax for Zn2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+, was 526.32 mg g-1, 555.56 mg g-1 and 769.23 mg g-1, respectively. Sorption kinetics data best fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results obtained in the tests with three mining and metallurgical leachates showed that WS were effective in simultaneously removing several heavy metals ions such as Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, Ni, As and Se.

Rasgos clínicos e histopatológicos de quistes de retención salival

RESUMEN Introducción: La formación de los quistes de retención salival denominados mucocele y ránula se encuentran entre las afecciones de las glándulas salivales más frecuentes en edades pediátricas. Objetivo: Examinar los rasgos clínico e histopatológico de los quistes de retención salival. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retroprospectivo de corte trasversal de octubre de 2017 a septiembre de 2019 en 43 pacientes atendidos por consulta externa de maxilofacial del Hospital Pediátrico Universitario "William Soler Ledea" con confirmación histopatológica de quistes de retención salival. Las variables a medir fueron: edad, sexo, etiología, rasgos clínicos, localización y aspecto histopatológico. Resultados: El mucocele fue el diagnóstico en 83 % de los casos y las diferencias por sexo fueron significativas con afectación mayor para el sexo femenino, la etiología más frecuente fue el mordisqueo del labio con 48,8 %, la localización más frecuente el labio inferior con 72,0 %. Hubo relación significativa entre la etiología y las características histopatológicas. Conclusiones: El quiste de retención salival más frecuente es el mucocele con predominio en el sexo femenino, de aspecto nodular, tamaño menor de 5 mm; predominó la localización en el labio inferior y de causa por mordisqueo del labio. Histopatológicamente la ausencia de revestimiento epitelial y presencia de inflamatorio agudo es lo más frecuente.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The formation of salivary retention cysts called mucocele and granula are among the most frequent conditions of the salivary glands in pediatric ages. Objective: Assess the clinical and histopathological features of salivary retention cysts. Methods: A retroprospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2017 to September 2019 in 43 patients with histopathological confirmation of salivary retention cysts attended by the maxillofacial outpatient clinic of "William Soler Ledea" University Pediatric Hospital. The variables to be measured were: age, sex, etiology, clinical features, location and histopathological appearance. Results: Mucocele was the diagnosis in 83.0% of the cases and the differences by sex were significant with greater involvement for the female sex, the most frequent etiology was the bite of the lip with 48.8%, and the most frequent location the lower lip with 72.0%. There was a significant relationship between the etiology and histopathological characteristics. Conclusions: The most frequent salivary retention cyst is the mucocele with predominance in the female sex, of nodular appearance, size less than five mm; there was a predominance of localization in the lower lip and caused by the bite of the lip; histopathologically, the absence of epithelial lining and presence of acute inflammation are the most frequent.

Data mining assessment of Poaceae pollen influencing factors and its environmental implications.

Poaceae pollen is highly allergenic, with a marked contribution to the pollen worldwide allergy prevalence. Pollen counts are defined by the species present in the considered area, although year-to-year oscillations may be triggered by different parameters, among which are weather conditions. Due to the predominant role of Poaceae pollen in the allergenicity in urban green areas, the aim of this study was the analysis of pollen trends and the influence of meteorology to forecast relevant variations in airborne pollen levels. The study was carried out during the 1993-2020 period in Ourense, in NW Iberian Peninsula. We used a volumetric Lanzoni VPPS 2000 trap for recording Poaceae airborne pollen grains, and meteorological daily data were obtained from the Galician Institute for Meteorology and Oceanography. The main indexes of the pollen season and their trends were calculated. A correlation analysis and 'C5.0 Decision Trees and Rule-Based Models' data mining algorithm were applied to determine the influence of meteorological conditions on pollen levels. We detected atmospheric Poaceae pollen during 139 days on average, mainly from April to August. The mean pollen grains amount recorded during the pollen season was 4608 pollen grains, with the pollen maximum peak of 276 pollen/m3 on 27 June. We found no statistically significant trends and slight slopes for the seasonal indexes, similarly to previous Poaceae studies in the same region. The calculated C5.0 model offered defined results, indicating that the combination of mean temperature above 17.46 °C and sunlight exposure higher than 12.7 h is conductive to significantly high pollen levels. The obtained results make possible the identification of risk moments during the pollen season for the activation of protective measures for sensitized population to grass pollen.

Short-Term Exposure of Dactylis glomerata Pollen to Atmospheric Gaseous Pollutants Is Related to an Increase in IgE Binding in Patients with Grass Pollen Allergies.

The concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and tropospheric ozone (O3) in urban and industrial site atmospheres are considered key factors associated with pollen-related respiratory allergies. This work studies the effects of NO2 and O3 on the protein expression profile and IgE binding in patients with grass allergies to Dactylis glomerata pollen extracts. Pollens were collected during the flowering season and were exposed to NO2 and O3 in a controlled environmental chamber. The amount of soluble protein was examined using the Bradford method, and the protein expression profile and antigenic properties were analysed using the immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Our results showed apparent inter-sera differences concerning the number and intensity of IgE reactivity, with the most prominent at bands of 55 kDa, 35, 33, and 13 kDa. In the 13 kDa band, both gases tend to induce an increase in IgE binding, the band at 33 kDa showed a tendency towards a reduction, particularly pollen exposed to O3. Reactive bands at 55 and 35 kDa presented an increase in the IgE binding pattern for all the patient sera samples exposed to NO2, but the samples exposed to O3 showed an increase in some sera and in others a decrease. Regarding the ELISA results, out of the 21 tested samples, only 9 showed a statistically significant increase in total IgE reactivity after pollen exposure to the pollutants. Our study revealed that although airborne pollen allergens might be affected by air pollution, the possible impacts on allergy symptoms might vary depending on the type of pollutant and the patient's sensitisation profile.

Therapeutic Benefits of Balneotherapy on Quality of Life of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease. RA symptoms make the disease disabling and strongly impact the quality of life of patients. Among the available forms of treatment, balneotherapy seems to be one of the most common forms of nonpharmacological treatment for rheumatic disease. The aim was to explore the effectiveness of balneotherapy for improving the quality of life of patients with RA. METHODS: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and The Cochrane library were searched for randomized or clinical controlled trials published in English or Spanish until May 2021. Risk of bias of included articles were assessed using the Cochrane tool. A total 535 records were retrieved, and seven met the inclusion criteria. All the included studies showed statistically significant improvements in the quality of life of patients who received balneotherapy treatment despite differences in treatment administration. Sessions should be approximately 20 min long and use natural mineral waters enriched with elements, or mud, at a water temperature between 35-38 °C. CONCLUSIONS: Balneotherapy benefits the quality of life of people with RA. The obtained results show positive effects for both mineral bathing and immersion in sand or mud on the quality of life of people who suffer from RA.

Phenological Model to Predict Budbreak and Flowering Dates of Four Vitis vinifera L. Cultivars Cultivated in DO. Ribeiro (North-West Spain).

The aim of this study was to assess the thermal requirements of the most important grapevine varieties in northwestern Spain to better understand the impact of climate change on their phenology. Different phenological models (GDD, GDD Triangular and UniFORC) were tested and validated to predict budburst and flowering dates of grapevines at the variety level using phenological observations collected from Treixadura, Godello, Loureira and Albariño between 2008 and 2019. The same modeling framework was assessed to obtain the most suitable model for this region. The parametrization of the models was carried out with the Phenological Modeling Platform (PMP) platform by means of an iterative optimization process. Phenological data for all four varieties were used to determine the best-fitted parameters for each variety and model type that best predicted budburst and flowering dates. A model calibration phase was conducted using each variety dataset independently, where the intermediate-fitted parameters for each model formulation were freely-adjusted. Afterwards, the parameter set combination of the model providing the highest performance for each variety was externally validated with the dataset of the other three varieties, which allowed us to establish one overall unique model for budburst and flowering for all varieties. Finally, the performance of this model was compared with the attained one while considering all varieties in one dataset (12 years × 4 varieties giving a total number of observations of 48). For both phenological stages, the results showed no considerable differences between the GDD and Triangular GDD models. The best parameters selected were those provided by the Treixadura GDD model for budburst (day of the year (t0) = 49 and base temperature (Tb) = 5) and those corresponding to the Godello model (t0 = 52 and Tb = 6) for flowering. The modeling approach employed allowed obtaining a global prediction model that can adequately predict budburst and flowering dates for all varieties.

Effectiveness of Antalgic Therapies in Patients with Vertebral Bone Metastasis: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There is no systematic review that has identified existing studies evaluating the pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention for pain management in patients with bone metastasis. To fill this gap in the literature, this systematic review with meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different antalgic therapies (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) in the improvement of pain of these patients. To this end, this protocol has been written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020135762). A systematic search will be carried out in four international databases: Medline (Via PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS, to select the randomized controlled clinical trials. The Risk of Bias Tool developed by Cochrane will be used to assess the risk of bias and the quality of the identified studies. A narrative synthesis will be used to describe and compare the studies, and after the data extraction, random effects model and a subgroup analyses will be performed according to the type of intervention, if possible. This protocol aims to generate a systematic review that compiles and synthesizes the best and most recent evidence on the treatment of pain derived from vertebral metastasis.

Introducción de vídeojuegos en el tratamiento convencional de la ambliopía funcional / Incorporation of videogames into the conventional treatment for functional amblyopia

RESUMEN Objetivo: Valorar la efectividad del vídeojuego en educandos que padecen ambliopía funcional. Métodos: Se confeccionó la historia clínica de cada paciente, la cual incluyó la revisión oftalmológica completa, la evaluación de la agudeza visual con la prueba adecuada a cada edad, y se evaluó la presencia de supresión mediante la prueba de filtro rojo y las luces de Worth. Cada prueba se realizó de forma individual según el tipo y la severidad de la ambliopía, y se le indicó la refracción correspondiente. Los pacientes se dividieron en dos grupos: al grupo A se le aplicó la terapia tradicional de la ambliopía, y al grupo B se le siguió la misma pauta que un tratamiento tradicional de ambliopía, pero con la introducción de vídeojuegos. Resultados: Se observó en el grupo A un predominio de los pacientes con agudeza visual inicial entre 0,2 - 0,4 (50 %), la cual se incrementó en dos líneas o más en el (55 %); sin embargo, en el grupo B la agudeza inicial entre 0,2 - 0,4 fue de 56,5 %. Los resultados sensoriales seis meses posteriores al tratamiento, según cada grupo de estudio, mostraron en el grupo B una reducción de la supresión en el 91,3 %, y en el grupo A de un 75 %. Conclusión: La terapia visual combinada con vídeojuego es efectiva; mejora la agudeza visual; elimina y reduce la supresión, por lo que constituye una herramienta que complementa la terapia visual tradicional de la ambliopía.

ABSTRACT Objective: Assess the effectiveness of videogames for students suffering from functional amblyopia. Methods: A clinical record was developed for each patient, which included complete ophthalmological examination, visual acuity evaluation with the suitable test for each age, and determination of the presence of suppression by the red filter test and the Worth lights test. Each test was conducted individually according to the type and severity of amblyopia, and the corresponding refraction was indicated. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A received traditional amblyopia therapy, whereas Group B underwent traditional amblyopia treatment combined with the incorporation of videogames. Results: Group A showed a predominance of patients with initial visual acuity between 0.2 - 0.4 (50%), which increased two lines or more in 55%. However, in Group B initial visual acuity ranged between 0.2 - 0.4 in 56.5%. Six months after treatment, sensory results were 91.3% suppression reduction in Group B and 75% in Group A. Conclusion: Visual therapy proved effective when combined with videogames: visual acuity improved and suppression was reduced. It is thus a suitable tool to complement the traditional visual therapy for amblyopia.

Cross-reactivity between the Betulaceae family and fallout in the real atmospheric aeroallergen load.

Betulaceae family is a dominant tree pollen type in the atmosphere at Northwest Spain, being a major cause of allergenic rhinitis or asthma symptoms. Alnus pollen cause symptoms in the 9-20% of the total hay fever sufferers mean while the 41.89% of patients present a positive skin-prick-test for Betula allergens. Aln g1 and Bet v1 aeroallergens belong to PR-10 protein family and are associated to cross-reactivity processes. Airborne pollen and aeroallergens from Alnus and Betula were sampled during their Main Pollen Season from 2016 to 2019. Pollen sampling was conducted by means of a Hirst volumetric trap and aeroallergens were sampled using a Multi Vial Cyclone Sampler. Alnus flowering took place from January to February, with an average duration of 44 days. Betula bloom occurred from April to May with an average pollen season of 33 days. The major innovation of our study was the first detection of Aln g1 allergens in the atmosphere by using Bet v1 antibodies. This fact verified the cross-reactivity between the main allergens of Betula and Alnus pollen. Along the study period, an average of 18 days/year and 14 days/year with high potential risk of allergy due to Alnus pollen and allergen respectively, was registered. For Betula an average of 16 days/year with high potential risk of allergy due to pollen and 22 days for allergen was registered. The main consequence of the successive bloom of both trees would be the so-called "priming effect". Urban population sensitized to Betula pollen could suffer allergic symptoms during winter (as a consequence of Alnus), and in spring with the manifestation of higher symptoms under low birch pollen grain levels in the atmosphere. The traditional information to prevent allergies, such as the airborne pollen concentrations, should be combined with the data of aeroallergen to identify the real allergenic load in the atmosphere.

Eficacia en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del síndrome de Brown / Efficacy of the diagnosis and treatment of Brown syndrome

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar las características clínicas y los criterios quirúrgicos en el síndrome de Brown. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo a 15 pacientes con el diagnóstico de síndrome de Brown, quienes acudieron a la Consulta de Visión Binocular del Hospital Infantil Sur "Dr. Antonio María Béguez César". Se incluyeron los niños con edades entre 2 a 7 años, con el diagnóstico definido de síndrome de Brown; se realizó exploración motora y sensorial completa y se evaluó el ojo afectado, el tipo de síndrome de Brown que tenía el paciente, las características clínicas y los criterios quirúrgicos tenidos en cuenta para resolver una conducta adecuada. Resultados: En la muestra estudiada el 66,5 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo afectado el ojo derecho con un síndrome de Brown leve; el 73 por ciento estuvo en ortotropía y el 73,3 por ciento no fue quirúrgico. Conclusión: Los pacientes con síndrome de Brown leve que permanecen en ortotropía, sin tortícolis y sin depresión en aducción, no requieren intervención quirúrgica(AU)

ABSTRACT Objective: Identify the clinical characteristics of and surgical criteria for Brown syndrome. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted of 15 patients diagnosed with Brown syndrome attending the binocular vision service at Dr. Antonio María Béguez César South University Children's Hospital. The sample included children aged 2-7 years with a definite diagnosis of Brown syndrome. Complete motor and sensory exploration was done, and evaluation was performed of the affected eye, Brown syndrome type, clinical characteristics and surgical criteria considered to select the appropriate management. Results: 66.5 percent of the study sample had their right eye affected by mild Brown syndrome, 73 percent were orthotropic, and 73.3 percent were not surgical cases. Conclusion: Patients with mild Brown syndrome who remained orthotropic, without torticollis or adduction depression, did not require surgical intervention(AU)

Valoración de la autoestima en pacientes adultos con estrabismo / Evaluation of self-esteem in adult patients with strabismus

Se efectuó un estudio longitudinal, prospectivo y comparativo de 43 adultos con estrabismo, quienes acudieron al Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero del 2015 hasta mayo del 2017, a fin de valorar su autoestima. A todos se les realizó un examen oftalmológico completo, que mostró el grado de desviación media antes y después de la cirugía. Se les aplicó una prueba de autoestima de Rosenberg, previa a la intervención y 2 meses después de esta. Prevalecieron el sexo femenino, la edad media de 48,5 años y la exotropía. Antes de la cirugía, el nivel de autoestima estuvo por debajo de 25 puntos en la mayoría de los pacientes (81,3 por ciento); sin embargo, posterior a esta fue baja en solo 2,3 por ciento y normal en 90,6 por ciento, lo que causó un impacto favorable en la calidad de vida e integración social de los afectados.

A longitudinal, prospective and comparative study of 43 adults with strabismus who went to the Ophthalmology Service of the Southern Pediatric Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January, 2015 to May, 2017 was carried out, in order to evaluate their self-esteem. A complete ophthalmological exam was carried out to all, which showed the average deviation degree before and after surgery. A Rosenberg self-esteem test was applied, previous to the intervention and 2 months after it. The female sex, the mean age of 48.5 years and the exotropy prevailed. Before surgery, the self-esteem level was below 25 points in most of the patients (81.3 percent); however, after this it was low in only 2.3 percent and normal in 90.6 percent, what caused a favourable impact in the life quality and social integration of the affected patients.

Atypical lymphogranuloma venereum mimicking an anorectal neoplasm / Linfogranuloma venéreo atípico simulando neoplasia anorrectal

No disponible

Aplicación tópica de plaquetas plasmáticas en pacientes con queratitis punteada superficial / Topical use of plasmatic platelets in patients with superficial punctuated queratitis

Se realizó un estudio clínico, prospectivo, intervencionista y comparativo, de 41 pacientes (31 ojos) con diagnóstico de queratitis punteada superficial -seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple-, atendidos en el Hospital Infantil Docente Sur Dr Antonio María Béguez César de Santiago de Cuba, desde noviembre del 2016 hasta mayo del 2017, con vistas a demostrar la eficacia del tratamiento tópico con colirio de plaquetas plasmáticas en ellos, para lo cual se conformaron 2 grupos: el A, que recibió tratamiento tópico convencional, y el B con la misma terapia más colirio de plasma rico en plaquetas. Los pacientes tuvieron seguimiento clínico a las dos y cuatro semanas de aplicado el tratamiento. En la mayoría de los pacientes del grupo B el tiempo de cicatrización corneal fue de 7 días y el de curación de 2 semanas; de manera que se demostró la eficacia de este colirio autólogo en la cicatrización corneal, sin riesgo de reacción inmunológica y de bajo costo económico.

A clinical, prospective, interventionist and comparative study of 41 patients (31 eyes) with diagnosis of superficial punctate queratitis -selected by simple random sampling-, assisted in Dr Antonio María Béguez Caesar Southern Teaching Pediatric Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from November, 2016 to May, 2017, with the objective of demonstrating the effectiveness of the topical treatment of plasmatic platelets in them with eyewash, for which 2 groups were formed: group A with conventional topical treatment, and group B with the same therapy plus eyewash with rich platelets plasm. The patients had clinical follow- up at two and four weeks of having applied the treatment. In most of the patients of group B the time of corneal scaring was of 7 days and that of cure of 2 weeks; so that the effectiveness of this autologous eyewash was demonstrated in the corneal scaring, without risk of immunological reaction and with low economic cost.

Atypical lymphogranuloma venereum mimicking an anorectal neoplasm.

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LV) is a sexually transmitted disease that may have atypical clinical manifestations mimicking tumors or inflammatory conditions, which renders its diagnosis difficult. LV requires both a clinical and endoscopic diagnosis before early treatment may be administered, and should be included as a differential diagnosis for individuals with risk factors.

New findings of airborne fungal spores in the atmosphere of Havana, Cuba, using aerobiological non-viable methodology.

INTRODUCTION: Although airborne fungal diversity in tropical countries is known to be considerable, aerobiological research to-date has identified only a part of the fungal mycobiota that may have an impact both on human health and on crops. Previous studies in Havana city identified only 30 genera and 5 spore types; therefore,new research is required in these latitudes. This study sought to investigate airborne spore levels in Havana, with a view to learning more about local fungal diversity and assessing its influence in quantitative terms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A Hirst type volumetric sampler was located on the rooftop of a building 35 meters above ground level, in a busy area of the city. Sampling was carried out continuously (operating 24hours/day), at 10 L per minute during the year 2015. The fungal spores were collected on a Melinex tape coated with a 2% silicone solution. The results were expressed as spores per cubic meter (spores/m3) of air when to referring to daily values, and spores count if referring to annual value. RESULTS: Fourteen new genera were identified in the course of volumetric sampling: six produce ascospores and eight conidia. Morphobiometric characteristics were noted for all genera, and airborne concentrations were calculated. These genera accounted for 56.4% of relative fungal frequency over the study year. CONCLUSIONS: Many airbone fungi are primary causes of both respiratory disease and crop damage. These new findings constitute a major contribution to Cuba's aerobiological database.

Oftalmoplegía externa congénita parcial y bilateral en un adolescente / Partial and bilateral congenital external ophthalmoplegia in an adolescent

Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 18 años de edad, quien fue atendido en la consulta de estrabología del Hospital Oftalmológico Amistad Argelia-Cuba de la República de Argelia por presentar fotofobia, ptosis palpebral, mala visión y estrabismo divergente. Se le hizo un examen oftalmológico completo, prueba de prisma, luces de worth y se constató que tenía una oftalmoplejía congénita externa parcial y bilateral con ambliopía, sin manifestaciones neurológicas. Se le indicó tratamiento con vitaminas y no se realizó propuesta quirúrgica debido a la cantidad de músculos afectados y el gran riesgo de una diplopía residual(AU)

The case report of an 18 years patient is presented who was assisted in the estrabism service of Amistad Argelia-Cuba Ophthalmologic Hospital in the Republic of Algeria due to photophobia, ptosis palpebral, poor vision and divergent strabismus. A complete ophthalmologic exam was carried out, prism test, worth lights and it was verified that he had a partial and bilateral external congenital ophthalmoplegia with amblyopia, without neurological manifestations. Treatment with vitamins was indicated and there was no surgical proposal due to the quantity of affected muscles and the great risk of a residual diplopia(AU)

Hematoma espontáneo del recto anterior abdominal en paciente anticoagulado / Spontaneous rectus abdominis hematoma in anticoagulated patient

El hematoma espontáneo de pared abdominal es una patología infrecuente según la literatura. Sin embargo, en los últimos años esta tendencia ha cambiado debido al aumento del número creciente de indicaciones para anticoagulación, así como a la aparición de nuevos tratamientos anticoagulantes y al incremento en el número de pacientes que las precisan. Presentamos un paciente varón, de 80 años portador de marcapasos por fibrilación auricular bloqueada y prótesis mitral mecánica anticoagulado con acenocumarol, que presenta un cuadro de dolor abdominal agudo secundario hematoma espontáneo de la pared abdominal. Se trató de forma conservadora, mediante reversión de la anticoagulación y administración de analgesia con evolución favorable. Con este caso clínico ilustramos un tipo de patología que debemos tener presente, como parte del diagnóstico diferencial del dolor abdominal agudo en el paciente anticoagulado. La mayoría de los pacientes respondieron positivamente con tratamiento conservador(AU)

The abdominal wall spontaneous hematoma is an uncommon condition, according to the literature. In recent years, however, this tendency is changing due to the increased number of indications for anticoagulation, and the emerging of new anticoagulant treatment, and the increase in the number of patients who need it. Male patient, 80, carrier of a pacemaker for blocked atrial fibrillation and mechanical mitral prosthesis, anticoagulated with acenocoumarol, who presents acute abdominal pain secondary to spontaneous hematoma of the abdominal wall. He was treated conservatively, reversing anticoagulation and administering analgesia, with favorable evolution finally. This clinical case shows a type of pathology to keep in mind, as part of the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in the anticoagulated patient, who, in most cases, respond to conservative treatment(AU)