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1.
J Med Virol ; 96(5): e29658, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38727043

RESUMO

Echovirus 11 (E11) has gained attention owing to its association with severe neonatal infections. Due to the limited data available, the World Health Organization (WHO) considers public health risk to the general population to be low. The present study investigated the genetic variation and molecular evolution of E11 genomes collected from May to December 2023. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed for 16 E11 strains. Phylogenetic analysis on WG showed how all Italian strains belonged to genogroup D5, similarly to other E11 strains recently reported in France and Germany all together aggregated into separate clusters. A cluster-specific recombination pattern was also identified using phylogenetic analysis of different genome regions. Echovirus 6 was identified as the major recombinant virus in 3Cpro and 3Dpol regions. The molecular clock analysis revealed that the recombination event probably occurred in June 2018 (95% HPD interval: Jan 2016-Jan 2020). Shannon entropy analyses, within P1 region, showed how 11 amino acids exhibited relatively high entropy. Five of them were exposed on the canyon region which is responsible for receptor binding with the neonatal Fc receptor. The present study showed the recombinant origin of a new lineage of E11 associated with severe neonatal infections.


Assuntos
Infecções por Echovirus , Enterovirus Humano B , Genoma Viral , Genótipo , Filogenia , Recombinação Genética , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Genoma Viral/genética , Enterovirus Humano B/genética , Enterovirus Humano B/classificação , Enterovirus Humano B/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Echovirus/virologia , Infecções por Echovirus/epidemiologia , Variação Genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma , Evolução Molecular , Itália/epidemiologia
2.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat ; 169: 106770, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37633481

RESUMO

Oxylipins are important signalling compounds that are significantly involved in the regulation of the immune system and the resolution of inflammation. Lipid metabolism is strongly activated upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, however the modulating effects of oxylipins induced by different variants remain unexplored. Here, we compare the plasma profiles of thirty-seven oxylipins and four PUFAs in subjects infected with Wild-type, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variants. The results suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation resulting from COVID-19 were highly dependent on the SARS-CoV-2 variant, and that the Wild-type elicited the strongest inflammatory storm. The Alpha and Delta variants induced a comparable lipid profile alteration upon infection, which differed significantly from Omicron. The latter variant increased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and decreased the levels of omega-3 PUFA in infected patients. We speculate that changes in therapeutics, vaccination, and prior infections may have a role in the alteration of the oxylipin profile besides viral mutations. The results shed new light on the evolution of the inflammatory response in COVID-19.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Oxilipinas , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados , Inflamação
3.
Asp Mol Med ; 1: None, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37398508

RESUMO

The broad family of viruses known as anelloviruses (AV) infects both humans and numerous animal species. They have a tiny, covalently closed single-stranded DNA genome and the astonishing capacity to infect a very high percentage of healthy and ill people with chronic infections that could last a lifetime. AV, and particularly the prototype Torquetenovirus, have established a successful interaction with the host's immune system and the rate at which they replicate is a gauge to measure overall immune function, even though many aspects of their life cycle and pathogenesis are still poorly understood.

4.
Respir Med Res ; 83: 100990, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36871459

RESUMO

This multicenter observational study included 171 COVID-19 adult patients hospitalized in the ICUs of nine hospitals in Lombardy (Northern Italy) from December, 1st 2021, to February, 9th 2022. During the study period, the Delta/Omicron variant ratio of cases decreased with a delay of two weeks in ICU patients compared to that in the community; a higher proportion of COVID-19 unvaccinated patients was infected by Delta than by Omicron whereas a higher rate of COVID-19 boosted patients was Omicron-infected. A higher number of comorbidities and a higher comorbidity score in ICU critically COVID-19 inpatients was positively associated with the Omicron infection as well in vaccinated individuals. Although people infected by Omicron have a lower risk of severe disease than those infected by Delta variant, the outcome, including the risk of ICU admission and the need for mechanical ventilation due to infection by Omicron versus Delta, remains uncertain. The continuous monitoring of the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants remains a milestone to counteract this pandemic.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Pacientes Internados , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Itália/epidemiologia
5.
Euro Surveill ; 28(2)2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36695479

RESUMO

With numbers of COVID-19 cases having substantially increased at the end of 2022 in China, some countries have started or expanded testing and genomic surveillance of travellers. We report screening results in Italy in late December 2022 of 556 flight passengers in provenance from two Chinese provinces. Among these passengers, 126 (22.7%) tested SARS-CoV-2 positive. Whole genome sequencing of 61 passengers' positive samples revealed Omicron variants, notably sub-lineages BA.5.2.48, BF.7.14 and BQ.1.1, in line with data released from China.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Genômica , China/epidemiologia , Itália/epidemiologia
7.
J Clin Virol Plus ; 2(3): 100082, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35571072

RESUMO

Given the ongoing COVID19 pandemic, the decline in serological response since dose 2, and the upcoming flu season, COVID19 vaccines will increasingly be administered in combination with vaccines against seasonal pathogens. It is of interest to confirm that concurrent vaccination against influenzavirus has no negative impact on serological response to SARS CoV-2. Anti-Spike IgG and Anti-Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) Neutralizing Antibodies (NAb) in serum  was assessed in 64 immunocompetent healthcare workers (HCW) before and 14 days post the third dose of BNT162b2 vaccine (Comirnaty®, Pfizer/BioNTech) or BNT162b2 plus quadrivalent flu vaccine (Vaxigript Tetra ®Sanofi Pasteur) on the same day. We report here safety and efficacy of combined BNT162b2 and flu vaccine in 64 healthcare workers at a single institution. No differences were found in adverse events or anti-Spike antibody levels.

8.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 27(12): 3180-3182, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34499599

RESUMO

The Delta variant of concern of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is dominant worldwide. We report a case cluster caused by Delta sublineage B.1.617.2 harboring the mutation E484K in Italy during July 11-July 29, 2021. This mutation appears to affect immune response and vaccine efficacy; monitoring its appearance is urgent.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Mutação
9.
Emerg Microbes Infect ; 10(1): 1254-1256, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34110974

RESUMO

We report 11 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers (HCW) naïve for COVID-19 and seropositive after the second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Based on voluntary-based surveillance, they tested positive for different strains of SARS-CoV-2, as Spike gene sequencing showed. Five of them reported mild symptoms. Given the risk for SARS-CoV-2 introduction from asymptomatic vaccinees, this case series suggests the need to continue nasopharyngeal screening programmes.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra COVID-19/imunologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/genética , Vacinação , Adulto , Vacina BNT162 , COVID-19/virologia , Feminino , Pessoal de Saúde , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nasofaringe/virologia , SARS-CoV-2/genética
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