Tongue Nodule as Primary Manifestation of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in an Immunocompetent Patient.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease considered an endemic public health problem in developing countries, where it is a reportable disease. Isolated oral manifestation is rare, and its clinical manifestations are variable. In this paper we describe an unusual case of an immunocompetent patient, 57-year-old man with a painless reddish submucosal nodule located on the tongue dorsum. Microscopical analysis showed chronic inflammatory infiltrate with macrophages containing leishmania in cytoplasmic vacuoles. PCR assays confirmed the diagnosis and patient was treated with meglumine antimoniate for 30 days. Absence of the parasite was confirmed by PCR. Thirteen years after treatment, a scar fibrosis persisted on the tongue dorsum. The case reported reveals that leishmaniasis should be considered in the diagnosis of tongue nodules in immunocompetent patients.

Plasma HPV DNA is detectable in oral leukoplakia patients.

BACKGROUND: Oral leukoplakia is considered a potentially malignant lesion for the development of squamous cell carcinoma, and various risk factors may be related to its development and malignant transformation, including the human papillomavirus (HPV). The aim of this case-control study was to detect the presence of HPV in fresh tissue, plasma and saliva samples obtained from patients with and without oral leukoplakia, and verify the correlation of the presence of DNA of HPV between different sources of materials. METHODS: In this study, 32 patients with oral leukoplakia and 24 patients selected in a case-control manner were included. DNA extraction from the samples was performed, and afterwards it was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) for the detection of HPV (nPCR: MY09-MY11/GP05+-GP06+). RESULTS: The DNA of HPV was found in 68.75% of the fresh tissue samples; in 50% of plasma, and in 62.5% of saliva samples in the group of patients with leukoplakia; in comparison with 45.8%, 54%, and 45.8%, in the fresh tissue, plasma and saliva samples, respectively, in the control group. CONCLUSION: Based on the present study, there was no difference in the rate of HPV detection in patients with or without oral leukoplakia. However all sources tested in this study were considered suitable for HPV detection, especially plasma samples, which showed be an important non-invasive source of HPV detection in leukoplakia patients.

Comparação da prevalência do HPV-16 em pacientes com carcinoma espinocelular de boca e lesões potencialmente malignas bucais / Comparison of the HPV-16 prevalence in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders

O papilomavírus humano (HPV) subtipo 16 é um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento do carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) de orofaringe. No entanto, o papel do mesmo na carcinogênese oral, bem como a associação com as lesões potencialmente malignas, permanece controverso. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a prevalência do HPV-16, em amostras de tecido fresco, obtidas de 27 pacientes com CEC oral, 37 pacientes com leucoplasia bucal, 24 pacientes com líquen plano bucal (LPB) e 32 pacientes controle, correlacionando a presença do HPV com as variáveis clínico-patológicas em uma população da região noroeste do estado de São Paulo - Brasil. Realizouse a extração do DNA das amostras e a verificação da presença do HPV-16 por meio da Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Todas as amostras foram negativas para o HPV-16 nos quatro grupos estudados. Conclui-se que a ausência do HPV-16 nas amostras de CEC bucal, leucoplasia e LPB indica que a infecção pelo mesmo não é comum e não representa um fator de risco importante na carcinogênese oral na população da região noroeste do estado de São Paulo ­ Brasil(AU)

Human Papillomavirus (HPV), specially subtype 16, is a known risk factor for the oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development. However, HPV role in oral carcinogenesis, as well as in potentially malignant oral lesions remains controversial. The goal of the present study was to compare the HPV16 prevalence, in fresh tissue samples obtained from 27 oral SCC patients, 34 oral leukoplakia (OL) patients, 24 oral lichen planus (OLP) patients and 32 control patients, correlating HPV presence with the clinicopathological variables in a population from northwest region of the Sao Paulo state - Brazil. DNA extraction was carried out and all samples were submitted to Real-Time PCR for HPV-16 DNA detection. We found that all fresh tissue samples of oral SCC, OL, OLP and oral normal mucosa were negative for HPV-16. We conclude that HPV-16 absence in oral SCC, OL and OLP samples indicates that its infection is uncommon and does not represent an important risk factor in oral carcinogenesis in the population from northwest region of the Sao Paulo state ­ Brazil(AU)

Detection of Epstein-Barr virus in different sources of materials from patients with oral lichen planus: a case-control study.

AIMS: To detect the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in different sources of materials from a matched group of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and a group of people without OLP lesions, and to correlate the presence of virus with epidemiological variables of the groups studied. METHODS: Fresh tissue samples, saliva, exfoliated cells and plasma of 24 patients with OLP lesions (cases) and 17 patients without OLP lesions (controls) were collected. EBV was detected by nested PCR. RESULTS: Viral positivity was obtained in 62.5% of tissue samples; in 70.8% of exfoliated cell samples; in 33.3% of blood plasma samples and in 75% of saliva samples in the cases; and in 35.3% of tissue samples; 82.4% of exfoliated cell samples; in 47.1% of blood plasma samples and in 64.7% of saliva samples in the controls. There was a predominance of women in both groups. Variables not atrophic-erosive were most affected by EBV. CONCLUSIONS: No relationship between EBV and OLP was found. However, all sources tested in this study were considered suitable for the detection of viruses.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma misdiagnosed as a denture-related traumatic ulcer: A clinical report.

A 65-year-old woman presented with an ulcerated lesion in the alveolar ridge mucosa, which appeared after new dentures had been inserted. Despite many treatment attempts, the lesion did not recede, even with the interruption of denture wearing. A biopsy was performed, and histopathologic examination revealed an ulcerated, invasive, poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma. The time from the patient's first contact with the prosthodontist because of the lesion until the appropriate diagnosis was established was approximately 6 months. This clinical report documents a significant delay in the oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis and treatment because of a clinical misdiagnosis of a traumatic ulcer resulting from complete dentures. Prosthodontists should be aware of the importance of early diagnosis of oral cancer among elderly prosthesis wearers.

Detecção do HPV por nPCR em leucoplasias bucais: estudo caso-controle / Detection of HPV by nPCR in oral leukoplakia: case-control study

A leucoplasia bucal é considerada uma lesão cancerizável para o desenvolvimento do carcinoma espinocelular (CEC), e vários fatores de risco podem estar relacionados a essa carcinogênese, incluindo o papiloma vírus humano (HPV). Na mucosa bucal tem sido feita a associação da leucoplasia bucal com o HPV. O objetivo desse estudo foi detectar a presença do DNA do HPV em amostras de tecidos fresco, saliva, plasma e células exfoliadas orais, extraídas de pacientes com e sem leucoplasia bucal, analisadas através da técnica de nested PCR (nPCR). Para este estudo foram avaliados 32 pacientes portadores de leucoplasia bucal e 24 pacientes selecionados de forma caso-controle. Foi realizada a extração de DNA das amostras, e em seguida a sua amplificação através da PCR. A nPCR para detecção do HPV revelou a presença do vírus em 68,75% das amostras de tecido fresco, 50% no plasma, 28,1% no citobrush, 62,5% na saliva no grupo de pacientes com leucoplasia em comparação com 45,8%, 54,2%, 45,8%, 50% nas amostras de tecido fresco, plasma, citobrush e saliva do grupo controle respectivamente. Baseado no presente estudo o HPV poderia ser um co-fator etiológico na patogênese da leucoplasia oral...

The oral leukoplakia is considered as a pre-malignant lesion for the development of the oral squamous cell carcinoma, and several risk factors can be related to this carcinogenesis, including the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is the main cause of cervix cancer, and your role in the oral carcinogenesis is still controversial. The aims of this study was to detect the presence of HPV DNA in fresh tissue samples, plasma and oral exfoliated cells extracted from patients 32 with oral leukoplakia, and 24 controls analyzed through the technique of nPCR and make a comparison among these biological materials sources. It was performed the extraction of DNA from 37 patients with oral leukoplakia, and amplification of the human β-globin gene was carried out in all samples to confirm the presence and integrity of DNA. Nested PCR assays revealed the presence of HPV DNA in 68.75% of fresh tissue, 50.0% of plasma, 62.5% of saliva, and in 28.1% of oral exfoliated cells extracted from patients. Based on the current experiment, HPV could potentially be an etiologic co-factor in the pathogenesis of oral leukoplakia...

Detecção do HPV por nPCR em leucoplasias bucais: estudo caso-controle / Detection of HPV by nPCR in oral leukoplakia: case-control study

A leucoplasia bucal é considerada uma lesão cancerizável para o desenvolvimento do carcinoma espinocelular (CEC), e vários fatores de risco podem estar relacionados a essa carcinogênese, incluindo o papiloma vírus humano (HPV). Na mucosa bucal tem sido feita a associação da leucoplasia bucal com o HPV. O objetivo desse estudo foi detectar a presença do DNA do HPV em amostras de tecidos fresco, saliva, plasma e células exfoliadas orais, extraídas de pacientes com e sem leucoplasia bucal, analisadas através da técnica de nested PCR (nPCR). Para este estudo foram avaliados 32 pacientes portadores de leucoplasia bucal e 24 pacientes selecionados de forma caso-controle. Foi realizada a extração de DNA das amostras, e em seguida a sua amplificação através da PCR. A nPCR para detecção do HPV revelou a presença do vírus em 68,75% das amostras de tecido fresco, 50% no plasma, 28,1% no citobrush, 62,5% na saliva no grupo de pacientes com leucoplasia em comparação com 45,8%, 54,2%, 45,8%, 50% nas amostras de tecido fresco, plasma, citobrush e saliva do grupo controle respectivamente. Baseado no presente estudo o HPV poderia ser um co-fator etiológico na patogênese da leucoplasia oral

The oral leukoplakia is considered as a pre-malignant lesion for the development of the oral squamous cell carcinoma, and several risk factors can be related to this carcinogenesis, including the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is the main cause of cervix cancer, and your role in the oral carcinogenesis is still controversial. The aims of this study was to detect the presence of HPV DNA in fresh tissue samples, plasma and oral exfoliated cells extracted from patients 32 with oral leukoplakia, and 24 controls analyzed through the technique of nPCR and make a comparison among these biological materials sources. It was performed the extraction of DNA from 37 patients with oral leukoplakia, and amplification of the human β-globin gene was carried out in all samples to confirm the presence and integrity of DNA. Nested PCR assays revealed the presence of HPV DNA in 68.75% of fresh tissue, 50.0% of plasma, 62.5% of saliva, and in 28.1% of oral exfoliated cells extracted from patients. Based on the current experiment, HPV could potentially be an etiologic co-factor in the pathogenesis of oral leukoplakia

O papel do Epstein Barr vírus na carcinogênese oral / The role of Epstein Barr virus in oral carcinogenesis

Introdução: o carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) é o câncer de cabeça e pescoço de maior ocorrência, representando cerda de 90% de todos esses tumores. O CEC apresenta diversos fatores de risco, como fumo, álcool, e alguns vírus de potencial oncogênico, entre eles o Epstein Barr vírus (EBV) que é um membro da família Herpesviridae e apresenta um tropismo por linfócitos B e também por células epiteliais. Objetivo: realizar um levantamento na literatura da presença do EBV em carcinomas orais. Conclusão: o EBV está intimamente relacionado com carcinoma de nasofaringe, um CEC de alta ocorrência no sudeste asiático, no entanto o seu papel nos demais CEC orais ainda não foi comprovado.

Introduction: the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the head and neck cancer of higher occurrence, representing about 90% of all these tumors. The SCC has several risk factors as smoking, alcohol and some oncogenic viruses, including the EpsteinBarr virus (EBV). The EBV is a member of Herpesviridae family and has tropism for B lymphocytes and also for epithelial cells. Aim: the aim of this study was accomplish a review of the literature about the presence of the EBV in oral carcinomas. Conclusion: EBV is closely related to nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a SCC of high incidence in Southeast Asia, however its role in others oral SCC has not been proved.