O médico que eu quero ser: autoimagem profissional no Brasil e em Portugal / El médico que quiero ser: autoimagen profesional en Brasil y en Portugal / The doctor I want to be: professional self-image in Brazil and Portugal

Este estudo qualitativo avaliou a percepção de acadêmicos sobre sua autoimagem como futuros médicos e os fatores que influenciaram a construção da sua identidade profissional. Foram entrevistados 32 estudantes do sexto ano de Medicina no Brasil e em Portugal. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática e a dramaturgia de Goffman para análise e interpretação dos dados. A autoimagem idealizada revelou-se em duas temáticas: o médico centrado em si e aquele que valoriza a relação interpessoal. Uma terceira temática mostrou a influência da universidade e de elementos trazidos a priori na identidade do médico. Os resultados indicam a influência do currículo oculto na construção da identidade profissional e reforçam a importância dos aspectos sociais e humanísticos na formação médica.(AU)

Este estudio cualitativo evaluó la percepción de académicos sobre su autoimagen como futuros médicos y los factores que influyeron en la construcción de su identidad profesional. Se entrevistaron 32 estudiantes del sexto año de medicina en Brasil y en Portugal. Se utilizó el análisis de contenido en la modalidad temática y la dramaturgia de Goffman para análisis e interpretación de los datos. La autoimagen idealizada se reveló en dos temáticas: el médico centrado en sí mismo y aquel que valora la relación interpersonal. Una tercera temática mostró la influencia de la Universidad y de elementos traídos a priori en la identidad del médico. Los resultados indican la influencia del currículo oculto en la construcción de la identidad profesional y refuerzan la importancia de los aspectos sociales y humanísticos en la formación médica.(AU)

This qualitative study evaluated the perception of academics about their self-image as future doctors and the factors that influenced the construction of their professional identity. Thirty-two sixth-year medical students in Brazil and Portugal were interviewed. Content analysis in the thematic modality and Goffman's dramaturgy were used for data analysis and interpretation. The idealized self-image was revealed in two themes: the doctor centered on himself and the one who values the interpersonal relationship. A third theme showed the influence of the University and of elements brought a priori in the doctor's identity. The results indicate the influence of the hidden curriculum in the construction of professional identity and reinforce the importance of social and humanistic aspects in medical education.(AU)

Call to Publish in an Undergraduate Medical Course: Dissemination of the Final-Year Research Project.

PROBLEM: Today's medical doctors must not only have the clinical skills to treat patients effectively but also keep current with new advances in medicine and critically analyze evidence to choose the best treatments and explain the risks and benefits of different options. In this article, we aim to share the approach taken at a Portuguese medical school to promote a close connection between research and learning. INTERVENTION: In a blended-learning approach, students studied research and scientific methods and undertook one of three faculty-supervised research and dissemination projects. To support immediate application of new research knowledge, students were offered optional short lectures and problem sets. All course information was featured on a website that also supported a discussion forum. We analyzed 1,350 theses leading to the medical degree, defended in six consecutive academic years (2007-2013). Our aim was to estimate the publication rates and factors associated with publication of the final-year undergraduate research projects. CONTEXT: The present research curriculum was developed at the University of Porto Faculty of Medicine as part of the Bologna process curriculum implemented in the 2007-2008 academic year. From May to June 2014 we looked for corresponding articles published over the period of September 2007 to April 2014. We searched PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, and IndexRMP databases to locate publications resulting from student theses. OUTCOMES: Over 6 years, the diffusion of knowledge produced by medical students, who engaged in clinical practice concurrently with research projects, was fairly low (10.4%). Program modifications that increased student accountability and engagement allowed for an increased rate of publication from 1.0% to 23.9%. Factors associated with publication were research area, publication as a performance assessment criterion, and publication language. LESSONS LEARNED: The results of this study suggest that it is helpful to provide research opportunities that allow aspiring future medical doctors to begin their research careers. Further research is needed to understand difficulties students and supervisors face in project development and to achieve greater balance in topic coverage among projects and, consequently, in departmental involvement in the program.

OSCE para Competências de Comunicação Clínica e Profissionalismo: Relato de Experiência e Meta-Avaliação / OSCE for Communication Skills and Professionalism: Case Report and Meta-Analysis

RESUMO A comunicação clínica e o profissionalismo estão entre as principais competências médicas e, portanto, devem ter sua avaliação garantida. Nesse contexto, o exame clínico objetivo estruturado (OSCE) tem papel fundamental. Objetivos Descrever as etapas de elaboração de um OSCE, bem como a avaliação da qualidade das estações e a percepção do estudante de Medicina sobre a sua realização. Método O estudo é composto pela realização de um OSCE com quatro estações por 16 estudantes de Medicina e pela análise da qualidade psicométrica e aplicação de um questionário de satisfação. Resultados Para os estudantes, o OSCE é o método que melhor avalia e ensina essas competências, ao passo que os testes de múltipla escolha estão no polo oposto quanto à avaliação. Em relação à qualidade múltipla das estações: duas se apresentaram com boa confiabilidade, uma se tornou satisfatória após adequação e uma se revelou inconsistente. Conclusão Mesmo bem avaliadas pelos estudantes, algumas estações apresentaram falhas. A análise do OSCE é fundamental para sua validade e mensurabilidade, em especial para o OSCE de alta aposta.

ABSTRACT Clinical communication and professionalism are among the primary medical competencies and therefore must have guaranteed assessment. In this context, the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) plays an important role. Objectives To describe the steps of developing an OSCE, as well as evaluating the quality of the stations and the medical student’s view of the OSCE. Method The study involved an OSCE with four stations performed by 16 medical students, psychometric quality analysis and the application of a user satisfaction questionnaire. Results For the students, the OSCE is the best assessment and teaching method for these skills, whereas multiple choice tests are at the worst form of assessment. Regarding the multiple quality of the stations, two showed good reliability, one became satisfactory following adjustment and one was inconsistent. Conclusion Although highly rated by the students some of the stations were flawed. Analysis of the OSCE is essential for its validity and measurability, especially for high stakes OSCEs.

Student perspectives of imaging anatomy in undergraduate medical education.

Radiological imaging is gaining relevance in the acquisition of competencies in clinical anatomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of medical students on teaching/learning of imaging anatomy as an integrated part of anatomical education. A questionnaire was designed to evaluate the perceptions of second-year students participating in a clinical anatomy course over three consecutive academic years. A principal component analysis was used to evaluate the dimensionality of the questionnaire. The variables were summarized using frequencies, mean, median, 25th percentile, 75th percentile, minimum, and maximum. The results demonstrated that students felt the teaching of imaging anatomy influenced learning in the clinical anatomy course (mean = 4.5, median = 5.0) and subsequent clinical courses (mean = 4.4, median = 4.0). Regarding the imaging techniques used in the demonstration of anatomical structures, computed tomography (median = 5.0) and magnetic resonance imaging (median = 5.0) were highly rated. Students suggested the use of additional support material (37.6%) and favored a more practical approach. In conclusion, the results of this work highlight the value of imaging anatomy in learning human anatomy. Students' comments pointed out a need to focus teaching/learning programs toward a more practical rather than theoretical approach as well as a need to provide a better fit between sectional anatomy and clinical cases using imaging anatomy. In order to provide an optimal learning environment to students, it also seems important to create improved media material as an additional resource tool.

Opção pelo curso de Medicina em Angola: o caso da Universidade Agostinho Neto / Choosing medical school in Angola: the case of Agostinho Neto University

O presente trabalho pretende: (i) identificar os motivos que conduzem os jovens a optar pelo curso de Medicina na Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Agostinho Neto (FMUAN); (ii) identificar como é percebida a profissão médica; (iii) determinar se existe influência das características sociodemográficas sobre os fatores identificados como determinantes que os orientam para a pretensão de ser médico. O estudo contou com uma amostra de 1.815 candidatos (96,2 por cento). Os dados recolhidos correspondem a uma amostra obtida por intermédio de inquéritos de opinião. Os candidatos identificaram como principais razões de opção pelo curso de Medicina as seguintes: Altruísmo (mediana = 87,5); Vocação (mediana = 81,3); Influência Familiar (mediana = 75,0); Prestígio Social (mediana = 75,0); Interesse Científico (mediana = 68,7); Pessoas na Família Exercendo a Profissão (mediana = 62,5); Mercado de Trabalho (mediana = 50,0). Não consideraram como razões de opção pelo curso: Benefício Econômico (mediana = 45,0), Sucesso (mediana = 43,8) e os Problemas de Saúde na Família (mediana = 37,5). Podemos concluir que os candidatos ao curso de Medicina se distinguem pela dedicação aos outros e pelo compromisso com as pessoas, constituindo a Vocação e o Altruísmo as principais forças impulsionadoras da opção pelo curso.

This study aimed to (i) identify the reasons leading young people to choose to study medicine at the Agostinho Neto University School of Medicine (FMUAN) in Angola; (ii) identify how they perceive the medical profession; and (iii) determine whether socio-demographic characteristics influence the factors identified as determinants in the applicants' decision to pursue the medical career. The study involved a sample of 1,815 medical school applicants (96.2 percent). The data came from a sample obtained through opinion polls. The applicants' main reasons for choosing medicine were: altruism (median = 87.5), vocation (median = 81.3), family influence (median = 75.0), social prestige (median = 75.0), scientific interest (median = 68.7), family members in the medical profession (median = 62.5), and work market (median = 50.0). Less important factors were: economic/financial benefit (median = 45.0), success (median = 43.8), and health problems in the family (median = 37.5). The study concludes that medical school applicants in Angola are characterized by dedication and commitment to others, with vocation and altruism as the key drivers in their career choice.