Xylanase for meat-type quails from 15 to 35 days old

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of two xylanases in the diet of meat-type quail on performance, morphology of the intestinal mucosa, metabolization of nutrients, and carcass yield. The experimental design was a completely randomized 2×3+1 factorial arrangement [two metabolisable energy reductions (70 and 140 kcal/kg), with or without the inclusion of two xylanases (A and B), plus a control treatment without xylanase), totalling seven treatments with five replicates and 42 quail each. Total excreta were collected at 28 days of age to determine the metabolisable coefficients of dry matter, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and gross energy (GE). There was no interaction between the energetic reductions and inclusion of xylanases on performance variables of the birds. The 70 kcal/kg reduction led to better results for feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion, while the 140 kcal/kg reduction led to worse results. In terms of jejunum morphometry, there was no interaction between energy reductions and inclusion of xylanases, although xylanases increased villi height and villus:crypt ratio. There was an interaction between energy reduction and inclusion of enzymes for the metabolisability coefficients of CP, NDF, and GE, leading to improvements in these coefficients. Xylanases A and B are effective in energy-reduced corn and soybean meal diets for 15 to 35-day-old quail.(AU)

Productive performance, body chemical composition, and deposition of 42-day-old quail for meat subjected to quantitative dietary restriction / Desempenho produtivo, composição e deposição química corporal aos 42 dias em codornas de corte submetidas à restrição alimentar quantitativa

This study aimed to assess the effect of quantitative dietary restriction during refeeding on the performance, body chemical composition, and deposition, weight gain of organs and carcass parts of quails reared for meat (Coturnix coturnix coturnix). A total of 144 quails, between 11 to 42 days old, were distributed in a completely randomized design, 4x2 factorial scheme, at four levels of feed restriction (ad libitum, 30%, 50% and 70% restrictions on the daily intake ad libitum) for both genders. Therefore, there was eight treatments with three replicates and six birds each. At the tenth day of age, the animals were housed in cages, where remained for four days under adaptation. Dietary restriction was applied between the days 15 and 35 while refeeding was carried out from day 36 to 42. Compensatory weight gain (CWG), i.e. weight gain of organs and carcass parts, and feed efficiency (FE) were improved for quails under feed restriction. Fat (F), crude protein (CP), protein deposition rate (PDR) and fat in females (FDf) and carcass retained energy in females (CREf) increased linearly as restriction levels decreased. Maximum estimates of feed intake for males (MFIm), compensatory weight gain for males (CWGm) and females (CWGf), feed efficiency for males (FEm), protein deposition for males (PDm) and carcass retained energy in males (CREm) were obtained with restriction levels of 43.56%, 30.56%, 63.93%, 62.63%, 80.25%, 1.94% and 09.34% if compared to ad libitum, respectively. As a result, we concluded that according to quantitative feed restriction level, significant increases in feed efficiency and body weight gain, as well as decreases in carcass fat throughout quail refeeding period. As for gender, given the existing sexual dimorphism, females lost greater body weight than males under dietary restriction, besides showing higher protein and fat gains in the carcass and an enhanced feed efficiency during refeeding.(AU)

Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da restrição alimentar quantitativa sobre o desempenho, composição e deposição química corporal, ganho de peso de órgãos e partes da carcaça de codornas de corte (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) no período de realimentação. Foram utilizadas 144 codornas, de 11 a 42 dias de idade, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4x2, com quatro níveis de restrição alimentar (ad libitum e restrição alimentar quantitativa de 30%, 50% e 70% da ingestão diária dos animais ad libitum) e gênero, totalizando oito tratamentos, com três repetições e seis aves cada. Foram alojadas aos 11 dias de idade em gaiolas, permanecendo quatro dias em adaptação. Dos 15 aos 35 dias foi aplicada a restrição alimentar e a realimentação de 36 a 42 dias. O ganho de peso compensatório (GP), consequentemente de órgãos e partes da carcaça e a eficiência alimentar (EA) foram melhores em codornas submetidas à restrição alimentar. A gordura (GD), proteína bruta (PB) corporal, taxa de deposição de proteína (TDP) e gordura em fêmeas (TDGF) e energia retida na carcaça em fêmeas (ERCF) aumentaram linearmente à medida que diminuíram os níveis de restrição. As estimativas de máximo consumo de ração para machos (CRM) e fêmeas (CRF), ganho de peso compensatório para machos (GPM) e fêmeas (GPF), eficiência alimentar para machos (EAM), taxa de deposição de proteína para machos (TDPM) e energia retida na carcaça em machos (ERCM) foram obtidas com níveis de restrição alimentar de 43,56%, 30,56%, 63,93%, 62,63%, 80,25%, 1,94% e 9,34% em comparação a ingestão ad libitum, respectivamente. Conclui-se que dependendo do nível de restrição alimentar quantitativa, ocorre melhora significativa na eficiência alimentar, aumenta o ganho de peso corporal e diminui a quantidade de gordura na carcaça no período de realimentação de codornas de corte.[...](AU)

Productive performance, body chemical composition, and deposition of 42-day-old quail for meat subjected to quantitative dietary restriction / Desempenho produtivo, composição e deposição química corporal aos 42 dias em codornas de corte submetidas à restrição alimentar quantitativa

This study aimed to assess the effect of quantitative dietary restriction during refeeding on the performance, body chemical composition, and deposition, weight gain of organs and carcass parts of quails reared for meat (Coturnix coturnix coturnix). A total of 144 quails, between 11 to 42 days old, were distributed in a completely randomized design, 4x2 factorial scheme, at four levels of feed restriction (ad libitum, 30%, 50% and 70% restrictions on the daily intake ad libitum) for both genders. Therefore, there was eight treatments with three replicates and six birds each. At the tenth day of age, the animals were housed in cages, where remained for four days under adaptation. Dietary restriction was applied between the days 15 and 35 while refeeding was carried out from day 36 to 42. Compensatory weight gain (CWG), i.e. weight gain of organs and carcass parts, and feed efficiency (FE) were improved for quails under feed restriction. Fat (F), crude protein (CP), protein deposition rate (PDR) and fat in females (FDf) and carcass retained energy in females (CREf) increased linearly as restriction levels decreased. Maximum estimates of feed intake for males (MFIm), compensatory weight gain for males (CWGm) and females (CWGf), feed efficiency for males (FEm), protein deposition for males (PDm) and carcass retained energy in males (CREm) were obtained with restriction levels of 43.56%, 30.56%, 63.93%, 62.63%, 80.25%, 1.94% and 09.34% if compared to ad libitum, respectively. As a result, we concluded that according to quantitative feed restriction level, significant increases in feed efficiency and body weight gain, as well as decreases in carcass fat throughout quail refeeding period. As for gender, given the existing sexual dimorphism, females lost greater body weight than males under dietary restriction, besides showing higher protein and fat gains in the carcass and an enhanced feed efficiency during refeeding.

Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da restrição alimentar quantitativa sobre o desempenho, composição e deposição química corporal, ganho de peso de órgãos e partes da carcaça de codornas de corte (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) no período de realimentação. Foram utilizadas 144 codornas, de 11 a 42 dias de idade, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4x2, com quatro níveis de restrição alimentar (ad libitum e restrição alimentar quantitativa de 30%, 50% e 70% da ingestão diária dos animais ad libitum) e gênero, totalizando oito tratamentos, com três repetições e seis aves cada. Foram alojadas aos 11 dias de idade em gaiolas, permanecendo quatro dias em adaptação. Dos 15 aos 35 dias foi aplicada a restrição alimentar e a realimentação de 36 a 42 dias. O ganho de peso compensatório (GP), consequentemente de órgãos e partes da carcaça e a eficiência alimentar (EA) foram melhores em codornas submetidas à restrição alimentar. A gordura (GD), proteína bruta (PB) corporal, taxa de deposição de proteína (TDP) e gordura em fêmeas (TDGF) e energia retida na carcaça em fêmeas (ERCF) aumentaram linearmente à medida que diminuíram os níveis de restrição. As estimativas de máximo consumo de ração para machos (CRM) e fêmeas (CRF), ganho de peso compensatório para machos (GPM) e fêmeas (GPF), eficiência alimentar para machos (EAM), taxa de deposição de proteína para machos (TDPM) e energia retida na carcaça em machos (ERCM) foram obtidas com níveis de restrição alimentar de 43,56%, 30,56%, 63,93%, 62,63%, 80,25%, 1,94% e 9,34% em comparação a ingestão ad libitum, respectivamente. Conclui-se que dependendo do nível de restrição alimentar quantitativa, ocorre melhora significativa na eficiência alimentar, aumenta o ganho de peso corporal e diminui a quantidade de gordura na carcaça no período de realimentação de codornas de corte.[...]