[News coverage on suicides published in Brazilian news media channels]. / Notícias sobre suicídio veiculadas em jornal brasileiro.

This study analyzed how news coverage about suicides is published in the Brazilian electronic media and evaluated if the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) were complied with in the online media. This quantitative, documentary and retrospective study investigated 89 published news items about suicide in 2017 in the Brazilian newspaper sites with the largest circulation. Descriptive statistics and tests of association were used for data analysis. The majority of news items contained neither content to be avoided nor aspects recommended by the WHO. The most frequent characteristics of the reported cases do not correspond directly to the epidemiological profile of suicidal behavior, but to media interests. Actions are needed to foster media involvement in suicide prevention, dissemination of resources and strategies to support and reduce stigma and the contagion effect.

O presente trabalho analisou como as notícias sobre suicídio são veiculadas em jornal eletrônico brasileiro e avaliou se as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) foram atendidas nessas publicações. Estudo quantitativo, documental e retrospectivo que investigou 89 notícias publicadas sobre suicídio no ano de 2017 no jornal brasileiro de maior circulação. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva e testes de associação para análise dos dados. A maioria das matérias não continha tanto aspectos contraindicados quanto aspectos recomendados pela OMS. As características mais frequentes dos casos noticiados não correspondem diretamente ao perfil epidemiológico do comportamento suicida, mas a interesses midiáticos. São necessárias ações favoreçam o envolvimento da mídia na prevenção do suicídio, divulgação de recursos e estratégias de apoio e redução de estigma e efeito contágio.

Notícias sobre suicídio veiculadas em jornal brasileiro / News coverage on suicides published in Brazilian news media channels

Resumo O presente trabalho analisou como as notícias sobre suicídio são veiculadas em jornal eletrônico brasileiro e avaliou se as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) foram atendidas nessas publicações. Estudo quantitativo, documental e retrospectivo que investigou 89 notícias publicadas sobre suicídio no ano de 2017 no jornal brasileiro de maior circulação. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva e testes de associação para análise dos dados. A maioria das matérias não continha tanto aspectos contraindicados quanto aspectos recomendados pela OMS. As características mais frequentes dos casos noticiados não correspondem diretamente ao perfil epidemiológico do comportamento suicida, mas a interesses midiáticos. São necessárias ações favoreçam o envolvimento da mídia na prevenção do suicídio, divulgação de recursos e estratégias de apoio e redução de estigma e efeito contágio.

Abstract This study analyzed how news coverage about suicides is published in the Brazilian electronic media and evaluated if the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) were complied with in the online media. This quantitative, documentary and retrospective study investigated 89 published news items about suicide in 2017 in the Brazilian newspaper sites with the largest circulation. Descriptive statistics and tests of association were used for data analysis. The majority of news items contained neither content to be avoided nor aspects recommended by the WHO. The most frequent characteristics of the reported cases do not correspond directly to the epidemiological profile of suicidal behavior, but to media interests. Actions are needed to foster media involvement in suicide prevention, dissemination of resources and strategies to support and reduce stigma and the contagion effect.

Association of chronic diabetes and hypertension in sural nerve morphometry: an experimental study.

BACKGROUND: Prospective studies have shown incidence rates of hypertension in diabetes mellitus to be three times that of subjects without diabetes mellitus. The reverse also applies, with the incidence of diabetes two to three times higher in patients with hypertension. Despite this common clinical association, the contribution of each isolated entity in the development of a neuropathy is still not well understood. The aims of the present study were to investigate the presence of peripheral neuropathy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and SHR with chronically induced diabetes, using a morphological and morphometric study of the sural nerves. METHODS: Female SHR and normotensive Wistar rats (WR), 8 weeks old, received a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ) through the tail vein. Controls from both strains received vehicle. Twelve weeks after the injection, sural nerves were dissected and prepared for light microscopy. Morphometry of sural nerve fascicles and myelinated fibers was performed with the aid of computer software. RESULTS: The sural nerve myelinated fibers were highly affected by experimental diabetes in normotensive rats, causing mainly the reduction of the fiber size. Hypertensive rats showed characteristics of small fiber neuropathy and a severe reduction of the number and density or Schwann cells. The association between diabetes and hypertension caused an increase on the average size of the myelinated fibers, pointing to a small fiber loss, associated to axonal atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Our study gives morphological support to the existence of a neuropathy due to hypertension, which is among one of the most common risk factors for diabetic neuropathy. The association between the two neuropathies showed to be a complex alteration, involving and including both, large and small fibers neuropathy. Hypertension caused, indeed, an exacerbation of the alterations already observed in experimental models of diabetic neuropathy.

Renal nerve ultrastructural alterations in short term and long term experimental diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Despite the evidence that renal hemodynamics is impaired in experimental diabetes, associated with glomeruli structural alterations, renal nerves were not yet investigated in experimental models of diabetes and the contribution of nerve alterations to the diabetic nephropathy remains to be investigated. We aimed to determine if ultrastructural morphometric parameters of the renal nerves are affected by short term and/or long term experimental diabetes and if insulin treatment reverses these alterations. Left renal nerves were evaluated 15 days or 12 weeks (N = 10 in each group) after induction of diabetes, with a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Control rats (N = 10 in each group) were injected with vehicle (citrate buffer). Treated animals (N = 10 in each group) received a single subcutaneous injection of insulin on a daily basis. Arterial pressure, together with the renal nerves activity, was recorded 15 days (short-term) or 12 weeks (long-term) after STZ injection. After the recordings, the renal nerves were dissected, prepared for light and transmission electron microscopy, and fascicle and fibers morphometry were carried out with computer software. RESULTS: The major diabetic alteration on the renal nerves was a small myelinated fibers loss since their number was smaller on chronic diabetic animals, the average morphometric parameters of the myelinated fibers were larger on chronic diabetic animals and distribution histograms of fiber diameter was significantly shifted to the right on chronic diabetic animals. These alterations began early, after 15 days of diabetes induction, associated with a severe mitochondrial damage, and were not prevented by conventional insulin treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental diabetes, induced by a single intravenous injection of STZ, in adult male Wistar rats, caused small fiber loss in the renal nerves, probably due to the early mitochondrial damage. Conventional treatment with insulin was able to correct the weight gain and metabolic changes in diabetic animals, without, however, correcting and / or preventing damage to the thin fibers caused by STZ-induced diabetes. The kidney innervation is impaired in this diabetic model suggesting that alterations of the renal nerves may play a role in the development of the diabetic nephropathy.