Hypersaline water from desalinization plants causes oxidative damage in Posidonia oceanica meadows.

Posidonia oceanica is an endemic marine phanerogam of the Mediterranean Sea for that is very sensitive to the environmental changes, especially those related to human activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress status of P. oceanica meadows exposed to spillage of hypersaline water from a desalination station by using biomarkers. Leaf samples of P. oceanica were obtained from 4 different points exposed to different levels of salinity water. Samples from the area with the highest salinity conditions were 75% shorter than the samples from the control area. Exposure to high salinity induced an increase in the levels of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls). Interestingly, in the area with the highest salinity the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-s-transferase were significantly induced respect to the other studies areas, while catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were lower. In addition, salinity induced a progressive increase in non-enzymatic antioxidants (polyphenols and glutathione) and in total antioxidant capacity reaching the highest concentrations in samples directly affected by the saline discharge. In conclusion chronic exposure to high salinity induced an increase in total antioxidant capacity in P. oceanica. However, this increase was not enough to protect the plant against oxidative stress as it is evidenced by the raise in oxidative stress markers. The obtained data suggest that high salinity conditions deactivated CAT and SOD antioxidant enzymes and caused an increase in non-enzymatic antioxidants (polyphenols and glutathione) and in glutathione-related enzymes.

Play for health (P4H): una nueva herramienta en telerehabilitación / Play for health (P4H): a new tool for telerehabilitation

Introducción. Play for Health (P4H) es un sistema de telerehabilitación abierto y de bajo coste basado en el uso de videojuegos y métodos de interacción para mejorar déficits físicos y cognitivos. El propósito principal de este trabajo es presentar P4H, valorar su aceptación y describir la repercusión organizativa que ha supuesto su introducción en el Servicio de Rehabilitación. Material y métodos. Se ha utilizado la estructura básica de P4H junto con 3 videojuegos y 6 métodos de interacción. Se ha aplicado a modo de prueba sobre 40 pacientes con diferentes déficits en un entorno controlado y sin exclusión de otros tipos de terapia. Resultados. Tras 9 meses de utilización preliminar se constata la buena aceptación y valoración por parte de pacientes y personal sanitario, la ausencia de problemas en su utilización y su facilidad de aprendizaje. La implantación de P4H ha supuesto un cambio en el método de trabajo de los terapeutas, dedicando más tiempo a tareas de planificación y control, y la creación de sinergias con el equipo de técnicos. Conclusión. P4H es una herramienta de fácil uso y con gran potencial de expansión que posibilita un enfoque integral del tratamiento cognitivo, físico y social. La incorporación del aspecto lúdico a la terapia, a través de los videojuegos, ha facilitado la aceptación, adherencia e implicación del paciente (AU)

Introduction. Play for Health (P4H) is an open and low cost system of telerehabilitation based on the use of video games and interaction methods to improve physical and cognitive deficits.The main purpose of this paper is to present P4H, assess its acceptance and describe the organizational impact resulting from its introduction in the clinical Rehabilitation Service.Methods and material: We have used the basic structure of P4H platform along with 3 video games and 6 methods of interaction. On a trial basis, it was applied on 40 patients with different deficits in a controlled environment and without exclusion of other types of therapy. Results. After 9 months of preliminary use, its good acceptance and evaluation by the patients and health care personnel, absence of problems and the ease of learning in its use has been seen. The implementation of P4H has meant a change in the method of work of the therapists, who now may be spending more time on planning and control tasks, and the creation of synergies with the technical team. Conclusion. P4H is an easy-to-use tool with great potential for expansion that enables a comprehensive approach to cognitive, physical and social treatment. The addition of the playful aspect to the therapy, through video games, has facilitated acceptance, adherence and involvement of the patient (AU)