RESUMO
Concerns have been raised that diacetyl (DA) might be a respiratory sensitizer based on its LUMO energy similar to that of the respiratory allergen toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and results of a local lymph node assay (LLNA) that reported an EC3 of 1.9%. To better understand the concerns, we performed a systematic literature review and experimental competition reactions between DA and TDI. The experimental evidence demonstrates that DA is at least 400-fold less reactive than TDI. The literature review finds evidence that the EC3 for DA is actually >11%. We conclude that DA is unlikely to have significant respiratory sensitization potential.
Assuntos
Alérgenos/efeitos adversos , Diacetil/efeitos adversos , Linfonodos/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Quantitativa Estrutura-Atividade , Teoria Quântica , Hipersensibilidade Respiratória/induzido quimicamente , Alérgenos/química , Animais , Ligação Competitiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Diacetil/química , Humanos , Ensaio Local de Linfonodo , Tolueno 2,4-Di-Isocianato/efeitos adversos , Tolueno 2,4-Di-Isocianato/química , Testes de ToxicidadeRESUMO
Fifteen examples of the transposon-like human element (THE) LTR and thirteen examples of the MstII interspersed repeat are aligned to generate new consensus sequences for these human repetitive elements. The consensus sequences of these elements are very similar, indicating that they compose subfamilies of a single human interspersed repetitive sequence family. Members of this highly polymorphic repeat family have been mapped to at least 11 chromosomes. Seven examples of the THE internal sequence are also aligned to generate a new consensus sequence for this element. Estimates of the abundance of this repetitive sequence family, derived from both hybridization analysis and frequency of occurrence in GenBank, indicate that THE-LTR/MstII sequences are present every 100-3000 kb in human DNA. The widespread occurrence of members of this family makes them useful landmarks, like Alu, L1, and (GT)n repeats, for physical and genetic mapping of human DNA.
Assuntos
Elementos de DNA Transponíveis , Família Multigênica , Sequências Repetitivas de Ácido Nucleico , Sequência de Bases , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Sequência Consenso , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Polimorfismo Genético , Alinhamento de Sequência , SoftwareRESUMO
The gm (gene modeler) program automates the identification of candidate genes in anonymous, genomic DNA sequence data. gm accepts sequence data, organism-specific consensus matrices and codon asymmetry tables, and a set of parameters as input; it returns a set of models describing the structures of candidate genes in the sequence and a corresponding set of predicted amino acid sequences as output, gm is implemented in C, and has been tested on Sun, VAX, Sequent, MIPS and Cray computers. It is capable of analyzing sequences of several kilobases containing multi-exon genes in less than 1 min execution time on a Sun 4/60.
