Molecular basis and clinical perspectives of deep brain stimulation for major depressive disorder.

It is possible to consider the stimulation of the cingulate gyrus in its portion below the corpus callosum (SCC, or subcallosal cingulate cortex) as an effective, promising, and safe alternative intervention for treatment-resistant depression. In studies with deep brain stimulation - DBS, when follow-on with functional magnetic resonance imaging and/or PET-CT (Positron emission tomography-computed tomography) is performed, it is observed an increase in the blood supply and glucose metabolism in this region, which is the anterior part of the limbic system. This same location has good experimental results also for the treatment of anorexia nervosa. The hypotheses suggest a greater activation of the reward system, a greater sense of well-being, and a consequent reduction in depressive symptoms, the objective of the treatment. Over the last 20 years, multicenter studies have shown symptomatic improvement in 50-60% of patients, and about a third even reach criteria for remission of the depressive disorder.

High maternal mortality rates: Racial, geographic, and socioeconomic disparities in Brazil.

What are the harsh consequences of racism and our country's slavery past in the life of every black woman today? How does the current federal government reinforce the reproduction of structural sexism and racism during a pandemic? Hunger, domestic violence, femicide, informal work, unemployment, and political under-representation are issues that are urgently presented by the need for an anti-racist social transformation. Black women remain vulnerable to social inequalities. And in the pandemic, these inequalities are not only related to its management (contamination, death, and vaccination), but also its economic and social consequences.