The impact of erosive tooth wear related to masticatory quality in an indigenous Brazilian population: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to associate the impact of tooth wear with the perception of masticatory quality and eating habits in a Brazilian indigenous population. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out with 197 indigenous from the Macuxi tribe (Roraima, Brazil) divided into age groups (adolescents and adults). Tooth wear was determined by the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE). The masticatory quality was evaluated using the Quality of Masticatory Function Questionnaire (QMFQ). Study participants also answered questions regarding eating habits and frequency of food consumption. Logistic regression models and crude Odds Ratios were estimated with 95% confidence intervals. Variables with P<0.20 in simple analyses were tested in a multiple logistic regression model; those with P ≤ 0.05 remained in the model. RESULTS: Tooth wear was observed in 38.1% of the indigenous, and 48.2% of them reported having their masticatory function affected; banana was the most frequently consumed item (54.3%); there was a significant association between adulthood and the presence of tooth wear (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Tooth wear related to eating habits and poor masticatory quality did not impact the oral health condition of the studied indigenous population. However, adulthood was associated with tooth wear in this sample.

Wire Roughness Assessment of 0.016'' × 0.022'' the Technique Lingual Orthodontics.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the difference in surface roughness of stainless steel archwires of different commercial brands used in lingual orthodontics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Precontoured arches measuring 0.016'' × 0.022'' were selected of the following brands: Tecnident, Adenta, G&H, Highland Metals Inc., Ormco, Incognito, and Ebraces. Quantitative evaluation of the surface roughness of archwires was performed by means of an atomic force microscope in contact mode. Three surface readouts were taken of each sample, analyzing areas of 20 × 20 µm. Each scan of the samples produced a readout of 512 lines, generating three-dimensional images of the wires. The analysis of variance statistical test was applied to prove significant variables (p > 0.05), with H0 being rejected and H1 accepted. RESULTS: The Incognito brand showed the lowest surface roughness. The archwires of brands Adenta, Tecnident, Highland, and Ormco showed similar values among them, and all close to these obtained by the Incognito brand. The archwires of the Ebraces brand showed the highest surface roughness, with values being close to those of the G&H Brand. CONCLUSION: There was a statistical difference in surface roughness of orthodontic archwires among the brands studied. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Companies should pay attention to the quality control of their materials, as these may directly affect the quality of orthodontic treatment.

Influence of quality of life, self-perception, and self-esteem on orthodontic treatment need.

INTRODUCTION: In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between normative and perceived orthodontic treatment need associated with quality of life, self-esteem, and self-perception. METHODS: The sample included 248 schoolchildren aged 12 years. The normative aspect of orthodontic treatment was assessed by the Dental Health Component and the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The subjects were further evaluated for their oral health-related quality of life, self-esteem, and self-perception of oral esthetics. The Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need was considered as the response variable, and generalized linear models estimated by the GENMOD procedure (release 9.3, 2010; SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Model 1 was estimated with only the intercept, providing the basis for evaluating the reduction in variance in the other models studied; then the variables were tested sequentially, considering P ≤0.05 as the criterion for remaining in the model. RESULTS: In the model, self-perception and self-esteem were statistically significant in relation to the perceived need for treatment. The normative need was significantly associated with the outcome variable and was not influenced by independent variables. CONCLUSIONS: The normative need for orthodontics treatment was not overestimated by the perceived need, and the perceived need was not influenced by sex and the impact on quality of life.

Association between malocclusion and the contextual factors of quality of life and socioeconomic status.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to examine associations among malocclusion and the contextual factors of quality of life and socioeconomic status. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a population-based sample of 1256 children from 7 to 10 years old. Malocclusion was assessed clinically; oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed using the Brazilian version of the child perceptions questionnaire; socioeconomic status was determined from data made available by the Research and Planning Institute of Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Initially, bivariate analyses were performed; after this, starting with variables with P ≤0.20, multilevel multiple logistic regression models were estimated, in which the binomial distribution, function of the logistic connection, and criteria for remaining in the model at P ≤0.05 were considered. RESULTS: Of the children, 82.1% had some type of malocclusion. Increased age associated with low socioeconomic status was the determinant for occlusal problems. The determination of low OHRQoL appears to be associated with the socioeconomic status in the individual factors, and increased overjet appears to be associated with factors at the contextual level. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic status and age are risk factors for malocclusion. Of the malocclusions evaluated, increased overjet had the most negative influence on the OHRQoL.

Distalização de molares utilizando miniparafusos ortodônticos / Molar distalization with the use of orthodontic mini-screws

Este artigo ilustra a correção da má oclusão de Classe II de Angle, de natureza dentoalveolar, em um paciente com desvio da linha média superior, utilizando miniparafusos ortodônticos. Estratégias diferenciadas foram empregadas, em cada lado, para corrigir a Classe II assimétrica. No lado com necessidade de maior movimentação a distalização foi feita em duas etapas. Primeiro, a distalização dos molares empregando um cursor e depois a retração dos dentes anteriores. Neste lado foram utilizados dois miniparafusos. Do outro lado, com menor necessidade de distalização, foi efetuada a retração dos dentes anteriores juntamente com a distalização dos molares em uma única fase. Esta abordagem reduz o número de extrações de pré-molares, utilizando uma mecânica simples e eficiente, sem efeitos colaterais indesejados. Os miniparafusos ortodônticos vêm sendo cada vez mais utilizados como dispositivo de ancoragem no tratamento da Classe II, pois este recurso não depende da colaboração do paciente, tornando os tratamentos mais previsíveis.

This article illustrates the correction of Angle’s dentoalveolar Class II malocclusion in a patient with superior midline deviation, by means of orthodontic mini-screws. Diverse strategies were applied to each side in order to correct the assimetric Class II. On the side requiring more movement, distalization was accomplished in two phases. First, the molar distalization with the use of a cursor and after the anterior teeth retraction. On that side, two mini-screws were used. On the other side, which needed less distalization, the retraction of the anterior teeth was performed along with the molar distalization, in a single phase. This approach reduces the number of premolar extractions, as it makes use of simple and efficient mechanics with no undesirable side effects. The orthodontic mini-screws have been most often used as an anchorage device in the treatment of Class II since it does not depend on the patient’s compliance, making treatments more predictable.

Evaluation of bonded orthodontics brackets using different adhesive systems after a cariogenic challenge.

AIM: The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevention of enamel demineralization and the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded with fluoride and no fluoride conventional and self-etching adhesives and to analyze the characteristics of enamel near the bond area using a polarized light microscope (PLM) following demineralization and remineralization cycling (Des Re). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty bovine incisors were selected and divided into five groups according to the adhesive system used during the bonding process: G1, Transbond XT Adhesive; G2, Single Bond 2 Adhesive; G3, Optibond Solo Plus; G4, Clearfil SE Bond; and G5, Clearfil Protect Bond. Transbond XT was used to fix the brackets to the teeth in all groups. After bonding, the groups were separated into cycling and control subgroups. The specimens were submitted to SBS testing and evaluated under a PLM. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (p<.05). RESULTS: There were no significant differences for SBS after Des-Re cycling. The Clearfil Protect Bond showed the SBS to be statistically lower than the other adhesives used for the control groups. After a cariogenic challenge, the Single Bond adhesive showed an SBS significantly lower than Transbond XT. The Des-Re cycling increased the enamel demineralization induced after the cariogenic challenge. CONCLUSIONS: The cariogenic challenge did not reduce the SBS. Optibond Solo Plus and Transbond XT adhesives presented the highest SBS while Clearfil Protect Bond had the lowest. The PLM showed that the cariogenic challenge increased the enamel demineralization for all adhesives evaluated, independent of the presence of fluoride. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: An alternative material with the ability to prevent enamel demineralization should be used in orthodontic patients due to the higher accumulation of plaque around orthodontic brackets.