RESUMO
The efficiency and tolerability of using a new osmotic diuretic, i.e. polyosm (a solution of polyethylene oxide 400 for the intravenous administration), was studied in patients with edematous maculopathy of different geneses. The drop-by-drop introduction of polyosm, 200 ml (the dose amounted to 0.8-1 g/kg in terms of polyethylene oxide 400), one per day and during 3 days, proved the efficiency of the preparation as a corrector of edematous maculopathy, which was confirmed by an involution of the eye-tissue edema, reduced sizes of the central scotoma, and by an improved visual acuity. The tolerability of the course-based administration of polyosm by patients was found to be good and satisfactory. No negative impact produced by the preparation on the indices of central hemodynamics was detected; the hypotensive effect of polyosm was found, as a normalized level of the systolic and diastolic pressure, only in patients with an originally high arterial pressure. Hypokalemia was, after the course-based use of polyosm, of a moderate nature.
Assuntos
Diuréticos Osmóticos/uso terapêutico , Macula Lutea , Polietilenoglicóis/uso terapêutico , Doenças Retinianas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Diuréticos Osmóticos/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Injeções Intravenosas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polietilenoglicóis/administração & dosagem , Acuidade VisualAssuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Diuréticos/uso terapêutico , Glaucoma/tratamento farmacológico , Polietilenoglicóis/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Diástole , Diuréticos/administração & dosagem , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/tratamento farmacológico , Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Pressão Intraocular , Manometria , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polietilenoglicóis/administração & dosagem , Software , Sístole , Fatores de Tempo , Acuidade VisualRESUMO
Based on the regularities of circulation mechanics, the authors hypothesize the role of osmotic pressure in the development of diabetic changes in the retina. A mathematical model of tissue fluid movement based on this hypothesis shows that transmural pressure in choriocapillaries is higher than in exchange vessels of the retina, and therefore unidirectional fluid flow from choriocapillaries to these vessels develops. A sharp increase in glucose concentration is paralleled by an increase in osmotic pressure, which, in turn, creates a negative hydraulic pressure in retinal tissue and leads to overstretching of exchange vessels and appearance of microaneurysms. One of pathogenetically based therapeutic effects of laser coagulation in diabetic retinopathy is creation of "fenestrae" in the retinal pigmented epithelium, facilitating tissue fluid movement.
Assuntos
Retinopatia Diabética/etiologia , Glicemia/metabolismo , Capilares/fisiopatologia , Corioide/irrigação sanguínea , Retinopatia Diabética/sangue , Retinopatia Diabética/fisiopatologia , Difusão , Humanos , Pressão Hidrostática , Modelos Biológicos , Pressão Osmótica , Vasos Retinianos/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
A complicated cataract on the only eye was effectively extracted in a patient with uveitis running a sluggish course with manifest disorders of T-cell immunity. Immune correction in combination with routine therapy of uveitis helped prepare the patient to surgery for cataract and attain good results.