RESUMO
The authors analyzed different modes of prevention of acute renal failure (ARF) in the planned surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. A hundred patients randomly divided into 4 groups were examined. In patients from a control group, prevention of renal failure included no use of aminoglycosides, prevention of hyperglycemia, and provision of steady-state hemodynamics. In Group 2 patients, the reperfusion syndrome was prevented through a preventive load and early administration of antioxidants, for which they were enterally fed with Berlamine-modular for 5 days before surgery and in the postoperative period. The authors made efforts for Group 3 patients to have high oxygen supply values at all stages of surgical treatment. For this, they optimized infusion therapy and compensated for intraoperative blood loss by preoperatively prepared autoblood and through reinfusion of the blood collected from an operation wound with "Cell saver" apparatus. In Group 4 patients, the prevention of ischemia and reperfusion were simultaneously made and blood oxygen-transporting function was optimized. Renal function was evaluated from the activity of urinary enzymes and from nitrogen metabolic parameters. The studies have indicated that activation of free radical lipid peroxidation in the presence of ischemia/reperfusion and blood oxygen-transporting dysfunction plays an important role in the genesis of renal failure during surgical treatment for infrarenal aortic aneurysms. According to the data on changes occurring in urinary enzymatic activities, the preventive load with antioxidants and their early postoperative use ameliorate renal lesion. The similar effect is achieved by the provision of high tissue oxygen supply and uptake at all the stages of surgical treatment. The best effect shown, in addition to enzymuria diminution, by a clinical reduction in the frequency of renal dysfunction is achieved by applying a comprehensive approach to preventing ARF.
