Innovation in Orthopaedics: Part 2-How to Translate Ideas and Research into Clinical Practice.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This paper presents some approaches and techniques for translating an idea or research into clinical practice, considering the innovation development process. RECENT FINDINGS: Innovative tools have been a key solution for healthcare problems, such as musculoskeletal disorders, which represent a great economic burden and are among the leading causes of disability. There has been an increase in publications on this topic, but there has been no analysis of the process of innovation development. This review describes the innovation phases for translating an idea or research into clinical practice, considering the stages of discovering the opportunity, innovation creation, project specification, technology development, and innovation launch. An analysis of the innovation development process to translate an idea or research into clinical practice, including concepts, approaches, and techniques that shows the "why", "how", and "what" of innovation.

Innovation in Orthopedics: Part 1-Design Thinking.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This narrative will focus on the adoption of design thinking to improve patient-centered care innovation in Orthopedics. RECENT FINDINGS: The literature reveals a complete set of applications of the design thinking approach in the different stages of the patient experience throughout the health context; however, the papers identified focus on specific parts of the process, and there is no systemic analysis about the different aspects involved in each stage of the complete experience. This review presents a holistic analysis concerning the application of design thinking to the distinct phases of innovation development in orthopedics, from the identification of the specific initial challenges up to the introduction of technology-based artifacts, such as innovations in the musculoskeletal health market. Systematic description of design thinking application to orthopedics, including concepts, methods, tools, and implementation examples in the most relevant phases of the patient experience-clinical treatment, perioperative care, and rehabilitation.