[Tracking transfers of resistance-carrying bacteria between animals, humans and the environment]. / Tracking des transferts des bactéries porteuses de résistances entre animal, homme et environnement.

The fight against antibiotic resistance must incorporate the "One Health" concept to be effective. This means having a holistic approach embracing the different ecosystems, human, animal, and environment. Transfers of resistance genes may exist between these three domains and different stresses related to the exposome may influence these transfers. Various targeted or pan-genomic molecular biology techniques can be used to better characterise the dissemination of bacterial clones and to identify exchanges of genes and mobile genetic elements between ecosystems.

La lutte contre la résistance aux antibiotiques doit intégrer le concept «  Une seule santé  ¼ pour être efficace. Ceci consiste à avoir une approche holistique embrassant les différents écosystèmes, homme, animal et environnement. Des transferts de gènes de résistance peuvent exister entre ces trois domaines et différents stress liés à l'exposome peuvent influencer ces transferts. Différentes techniques de biologie moléculaire ciblées ou pan-génomiques peuvent être mises en œuvre pour mieux caractériser les circulations de clones bactériens mais aussi pour identifier les échanges de gènes et d'éléments génétiques mobiles entre écosystèmes.

Use of monoclonal antibodies in cancer immunotherapy: types and mechanisms of action.

Immunotherapy is one of the most innovative treatments in the current field of oncology and consists of stimulating the immune system to eliminate tumoral cells. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are glycoproteins secreted by B-cells capable of recognizing and neutralizing foreign organisms or antigens. Structurally, they are composed of two heavy and two light chains. The generation of therapeutic mAbs is one of the most developed and fastest-growing areas of the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries and is an important adjunct to cancer therapy. Several antibodies have been approved for human administration and can be mouse-derived, chimeric, humanized, or fully human. mAbs main mechanism of action includes the lysis of the tumoral cells through inducing apoptosis, phagocytosis, complement activation, or signaling inhibition.

La inmunoterapia es un tratamiento innovador para la oncología actual, que consiste en la estimulación del sistema inmunitario para la eliminación de las células tumorales. Los anticuerpos monoclonales (mAbs) son glicoproteínas secretadas por los linfocitos B, capaces de reconocer y neutralizar organismos extraños o antígenos. Estructuralmente se componen de dos cadenas pesadas y dos cadenas ligeras. La generación de mAbs terapéuticos es una de las áreas de mayor crecimiento en la industria biotecnológica y farmacéutica y representa un complemento importante en la terapia del cáncer. Existen diversos mAbs que han sido aprobados para su administración en humanos, y pueden ser derivados de ratón, quiméricos, humanizados o completamente humanos. Los mecanismos de acción consisten principalmente en la lisis de las células tumorales a través de la inducción de la apoptosis, fagocitosis, activación del complemento o inhibición de la señalización celular.

Use of monoclonal antibodies in cancer immunotherapy: types and mechanisms of action / Uso de anticuerpos monoclonales en la inmunoterapia del cáncer: tipos y mecanismos de acción

Abstract Immunotherapy is one of the most innovative treatments in the current field of oncology and consists of stimulating the immune system to eliminate tumoral cells. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are glycoproteins secreted by B-cells capable of recognizing and neutralizing foreign organisms or antigens. Structurally, they are composed of two heavy and two light chains. The generation of therapeutic mAbs is one of the most developed and fastest-growing areas of the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries and is an important adjunct to cancer therapy. Several antibodies have been approved for human administration and can be mouse-derived, chimeric, humanized, or fully human. mAbs main mechanism of action includes the lysis of the tumoral cells through inducing apoptosis, phagocytosis, complement activation, or signaling inhibition.

Resumen La inmunoterapia es un tratamiento innovador para la oncología actual, que consiste en la estimulación del sistema inmunitario para la eliminación de las células tumorales. Los anticuerpos monoclonales (mAbs) son glicoproteínas secretadas por los linfocitos B, capaces de reconocer y neutralizar organismos extraños o antígenos. Estructuralmente se componen de dos cadenas pesadas y dos cadenas ligeras. La generación de mAbs terapéuticos es una de las áreas de mayor crecimiento en la industria biotecnológica y farmacéutica y representa un complemento importante en la terapia del cáncer. Existen diversos mAbs que han sido aprobados para su administración en humanos, y pueden ser derivados de ratón, quiméricos, humanizados o completamente humanos. Los mecanismos de acción consisten principalmente en la lisis de las células tumorales a través de la inducción de la apoptosis, fagocitosis, activación del complemento o inhibición de la señalización celular.

Satisfacción laboral del personal de guarderías del IMSS y participativas en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua / Job satisfaction of IMSS and participatory nursing staff in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua

Introducción: la satisfacción laboral es la sensación positiva de sentirse satisfecho y se encuentra relacionada con la experiencia de trabajo, esto es alcanzado de manera plena cuando el trabajador satisface sus necesidades. El objetivo de la investigación es identificar la satisfacción laboral del personal de guarderías del IMSS y participativas de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal, se aplicó el cuestionario de Meliá y Peiró S21/26 a 270 trabajadores de guarderías de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México. Resultados: se identificó que los trabajadores declararon nivel de satisfacción alta cuando reportaron antigüedad laboral menor a 1 año. La guardería IMSS reportó satisfacción con un valor de p = 0.05. Conclusión: el grado de satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores de las guarderías, reflejan un mejor ambiente laboral y una mayor calidad en el servicio prestado, lo que de manera positiva impacta en la calidad de los servicios que se ofrecen.

Introduction: Job satisfaction is the positive sensation of feeling satisfied and is related to the work experience, this is fully achieved when the worker satisfies his needs. The objective of the research is to identify the job satisfaction of the staff of IMSS and participatory day care centers in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study, the Meliá and Peiró S21/26 Questionnaire was applied to 270 nursery workers in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. Results: It was identified that the workers declared a high level of satisfaction when they reported employment seniority of less than 1 year. The IMSS nursery reported satisfaction with a value of p = 0.05. Conclusion: The degree of job satisfaction of nurseries workers reflects a better work environment and a higher quality of service provided, which positively impacts the quality of services offered.

Adaptación transcultural del Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire (CDAQ) para jóvenes mexicanos

Introducción: La violencia digital en las relaciones de pareja es un problema de salud pública que requiere de evaluaciones válidas y confiables. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue adaptar transculturalmente y evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire (CDAQ) para jóvenes mexicanos. Método: Participaron 1158 jóvenes de 18 a 24 años, 62.9 % fueron mujeres. En la fase de verificación de la equivalencia lingüística, se adecuaron cuatro palabras de la versión original en castellano. Resultados: Se encontraron índices de ajuste aceptables en el análisis factorial confirmatorio, además se encontró validez convergente y discriminante de los factores, excepto entre los factores de victimización y perpetración de Agresión Directa. Se encontró evidencia de validez divergente con la calidad de vida y convergente con comportamientos de riesgo. La fiabilidad total fue superior a .87. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos sugieren que el CDAQ puede ser un cuestionario útil para evaluar el abuso digital en las relaciones de pareja en jóvenes mexicanos.

Introduction: Cyber dating abuse is a public health problem that requires valid and reliable evaluations. The objective of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire (CDAQ) for Mexican youth. Method: 1158 young students from 18 to 24 years old participated, 62.9 % were women. In the verification of the linguistic equivalence phase, four words from the original version in Spanish were adapted. Results: Acceptable fit indices were found in the confirmatory factor analysis, in addition, convergent and discriminant validity of the factors was found, except between the factors of victimization and perpetration of Direct Aggression. Evidence of divergent validity was found with quality of life and convergence with risk behaviors. Total reliability was greater than .87. Conclusions: The findings suggest that CDAQ could be a useful questionnaire to assess cyber dating abuse among young Mexicans.

El efecto de los sucesos vitales, el estrés percibido, la resiliencia y el sexo sobre la calidad de vida de estudiantes universitarios: procesos condicionales / The effect of life events, perceived stress, resilience and sex on the quality of life of university students: conditional processes

Los objetivos del estudio fueron: a) estimar el efecto directo de los sucesos vitales sobre las dimensiones de la calidad de vida (Salud física, Salud psicológica, Relaciones sociales y Entorno), b) estimar el efecto indirecto del estrés percibido sobre la relación entre los sucesos vitales y las dimensiones de la calidad de vida, c) la moderación de la resiliencia y el sexo sobre ambos efectos en estudiantes universitarios. Participaron 327 estudiantes universitarios, 56,9% mujeres, con edades entre 18 y 24 años. Se encontró que el estrés percibido medió la relación entre sucesos vitales y todas las dimensiones de calidad de vida. También se encontró que el sexo y la resiliencia no moderaron el efecto directo e indirecto en ninguna de las dimensiones de la calidad de vida. Este estudio aporta pruebas sobre los mecanismos del estrés percibido, la resiliencia y el sexo sobre la relación entre los sucesos vitales y la calidad de vida de estudiantes universitarios. (AU)

The objectives of the study were: a) to estimate the direct effect of life events on the dimensions of quality of life (Physical Health, Psychological Health, Social Relations and Environment), b) to estimate the indirect effect of perceived stress on the relationship between events vital and the dimensions of quality of life, c) the moderation of resilience and sex on both effects in university students. 327 university students participated, 56,9% women, aged between 18 and 24 years. Perceived stress was found to mediate the relationship between life events and the quality-oflife dimensions. It was also found that sex and resilience did not moderate the direct and indirect effect in any of the dimensions of quality of life. This study provides proof on the mechanisms of perceived stress, resilience and sex on the relationship between life events and the quality of life of university students. (AU)

[Relationship between face-to-face and digital dating abuse with health-related quality of life among Mexican adolescents]. / Relación entre el abuso cara a cara y digital en el noviazgo con la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes mexicanos.

The purpose of this research was to identify whether there is a relationship between face-to-face and digital dating abuse victimization with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adolescent students, adjusted for sex. Three hundred ninety-eight students of 15 to 18 years of age (62.8% female) participated. The following scales adapted to the Mexican adolescent population were applied: Violence in Adolescents' Dating Relationships Inventory, Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire and the KIDSCREEN-10. It was found that 55.5% of the respondents reported having been victims of face-to-face and digital abuse. HRQoL scores were lower for women than for men. Using structural equation modeling, a negative, statistically significant association of moderate magnitude was found between dating abuse (face-to-face and digital) and HRQoL. The results suggest that the higher the level of abuse victimization in both face-to-face and digital dating relationships, the lower the HRQoL of adolescent students. The results of this study show the relevance of considering both face-to-face and digital abuse when analyzing the effect of dating violence on the HRQoL.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar si existe relación entre la victimización por abuso cara a cara y digital en el noviazgo con la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en estudiantes adolescentes, ajustando por sexo. Participaron 398 estudiantes de entre 15 y 18 años de edad (62,8% mujeres). Se aplicaron las siguientes escalas adaptadas a población adolescente mexicana: Violence in Adolescents' Dating Relationships Inventory, Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire y el KIDSCREEN-10. Se encontró que el 55,5% reportó haber sido víctima de abuso cara a cara y digital. Los puntajes de CVRS fueron menores para las mujeres a diferencia de los hombres. Mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales se encontró una asociación negativa, estadísticamente significativa y con magnitud moderada entre el abuso en el noviazgo (cara a cara y digital) y la CVRS. Los resultados sugieren que mientras mayor sea el nivel de victimización por abuso en las relaciones de noviazgo tanto cara a cara como digital, menor será la CVRS en las y los adolescentes estudiantes. Los resultados de este estudio muestran la importancia de considerar tanto el abuso cara a cara como el digital cuando se analiza el efecto de la violencia en el noviazgo sobre la CVRS.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar se existe uma relação entre a vitimização presencial, o namoro digital e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) em estudantes adolescentes, ajustado por sexo. Participaram 398 estudantes com idades entre 15 e 18 anos (62,8% mulheres). Aplicaram-se as seguintes escalas adaptadas à população adolescente mexicana: Violence in Adolescents' Dating Relationships Inventory, Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire e o KIDSCREEN-10. Verificou-se que 55,5% relataram terem sido vítimas de abuso presencial e digital. A pontuação da QVRS foi menor para as mulheres, em oposição aos homens. Através de um modelo de equações estruturais foi encontrada uma associação negativa, estatisticamente significativa e com magnitude moderada entre o abuso no namoro (presencial e digital) e a QVRS. Os resultados sugerem que quanto maior o nível de vitimização de abuso, tanto nas relações de namoro presencial quanto nos digitais, menor será o QVRS dos estudantes adolescentes. Os resultados deste estudo mostram a importância de considerar tanto o abuso presencial quanto o digital ao analisar o efeito da violência no namoro na QVRS.

Impacto de una intervención educativa en diabéticos tipo 2 / Impact of an educational intervention in type 2 diabetic patients

RESUMEN En el Instituto Nacional de Endocrinología existe un programa de educación al diabético que está debidamente establecido, pero el control clínico y bioquímico de estos pacientes constituye una problemática debido al déficit de conocimiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la repercusión de la educación al paciente diabético en la conducta y los conocimientos sobre su enfermedad, y específicamente, la relación entre el tiempo de evolución y los conocimientos de esta. Se realizó una investigación cuasi experimental en el Policlínico Capitán «Roberto Fleites», durante el período de enero a diciembre de 2019. La muestra fue de 45 pacientes diabéticos, adultos, los cuales asistieron a la consulta integral de dicho policlínico. Estos pacientes recibieron una intervención educativa mediante un curso de información básica. La intervención educativa tuvo impacto en la comprensión y adhesión al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico, así como en la normalización de indicadores clínicos y bioquímicos.

ABSTRACT An educational programme for diabetic patients is duly established in the National Institute of Endocrinology, but their clinical and biochemical control constitutes a problem due to the lack of knowledge. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of diabetic patient education on their behaviour and knowledge of the disease, and specifically, the relationship between time of evolution and their knowledge regarding this disease. A quasi-experimental research was conducted at "Capitán Roberto Fleites" Policlinic from January to December 2019. The sample consisted of 45 adult diabetic patients who come to the comprehensive consultation of this polyclinic. These patients received an educational intervention through a basic information course. The educational intervention had an impact on understanding and adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, as well as on the normalization of clinical and biochemical indicators.

Relación entre el abuso cara a cara y digital en el noviazgo con la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes mexicanos / Relationship between face-to-face and digital dating abuse with health-related quality of life among Mexican adolescents / Relação entre o abuso presencial e digital no namoro com qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em adolescentes mexicanos

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar si existe relación entre la victimización por abuso cara a cara y digital en el noviazgo con la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en estudiantes adolescentes, ajustando por sexo. Participaron 398 estudiantes de entre 15 y 18 años de edad (62,8% mujeres). Se aplicaron las siguientes escalas adaptadas a población adolescente mexicana: Violence in Adolescents' Dating Relationships Inventory, Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire y el KIDSCREEN-10. Se encontró que el 55,5% reportó haber sido víctima de abuso cara a cara y digital. Los puntajes de CVRS fueron menores para las mujeres a diferencia de los hombres. Mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales se encontró una asociación negativa, estadísticamente significativa y con magnitud moderada entre el abuso en el noviazgo (cara a cara y digital) y la CVRS. Los resultados sugieren que mientras mayor sea el nivel de victimización por abuso en las relaciones de noviazgo tanto cara a cara como digital, menor será la CVRS en las y los adolescentes estudiantes. Los resultados de este estudio muestran la importancia de considerar tanto el abuso cara a cara como el digital cuando se analiza el efecto de la violencia en el noviazgo sobre la CVRS.

The purpose of this research was to identify whether there is a relationship between face-to-face and digital dating abuse victimization with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adolescent students, adjusted for sex. Three hundred ninety-eight students of 15 to 18 years of age (62.8% female) participated. The following scales adapted to the Mexican adolescent population were applied: Violence in Adolescents' Dating Relationships Inventory, Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire and the KIDSCREEN-10. It was found that 55.5% of the respondents reported having been victims of face-to-face and digital abuse. HRQoL scores were lower for women than for men. Using structural equation modeling, a negative, statistically significant association of moderate magnitude was found between dating abuse (face-to-face and digital) and HRQoL. The results suggest that the higher the level of abuse victimization in both face-to-face and digital dating relationships, the lower the HRQoL of adolescent students. The results of this study show the relevance of considering both face-to-face and digital abuse when analyzing the effect of dating violence on the HRQoL.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar se existe uma relação entre a vitimização presencial, o namoro digital e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) em estudantes adolescentes, ajustado por sexo. Participaram 398 estudantes com idades entre 15 e 18 anos (62,8% mulheres). Aplicaram-se as seguintes escalas adaptadas à população adolescente mexicana: Violence in Adolescents' Dating Relationships Inventory, Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire e o KIDSCREEN-10. Verificou-se que 55,5% relataram terem sido vítimas de abuso presencial e digital. A pontuação da QVRS foi menor para as mulheres, em oposição aos homens. Através de um modelo de equações estruturais foi encontrada uma associação negativa, estatisticamente significativa e com magnitude moderada entre o abuso no namoro (presencial e digital) e a QVRS. Os resultados sugerem que quanto maior o nível de vitimização de abuso, tanto nas relações de namoro presencial quanto nos digitais, menor será o QVRS dos estudantes adolescentes. Os resultados deste estudo mostram a importância de considerar tanto o abuso presencial quanto o digital ao analisar o efeito da violência no namoro na QVRS.

Adaptación transcultural y validación de la Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) para jóvenes chilenos / Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation to Chilean Youth People of Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)

El estudio de la resiliencia como recuperación del estrés se ha extendido, y se requiere dar cuenta del desarrollo y las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas que permiten utilizarla. El objetivo fue adaptar transculturalmente la Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) y evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas en población joven chilena. Participaron en el año 2016, tres traductores, y 1,237 estudiantes de 18 a 24 años de una universidad de la zona Central de Chile, 60.8% mujeres y 39.2% hombres. Se consiguió la equivalencia lingüística y conceptual después de una doble traducción, retro traducción y de realizar las entrevistas cognitivas con la población diana. Se observaron dificultades en el ítem 2. Del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio surgieron dos factores. Los índices de ajuste del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio fueron adecuados: χ2 = 9.256(6), p = .160; CFI = .995; TLI = .988; RMSEA = .035, IC 90% [.000, .076]. El omega total .81. La estabilidad por ítem fue moderada y para la puntuación total, elevada. Las medias en general fueron menores en mujeres, pero similares entre grupos de edad. Hubo evidencia de validez concurrente y convergente. La versión chilena de la BRS puede ser útil para medir la resiliencia en jóvenes chilenos

The study of resilience as recovery from stress has been extended, and it is necessary to account for the development and psychometric properties of the scales that allow it to be used. The aim was to report on the cross-cultural adaptation process and psychometric properties of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) in young Chilean population. In 2016, three translators, and 1,237 students between 18 and 24 years old from a university in the Fifth Region of Chile participated. Linguistic and conceptual equivalence was achieved after carried out a double translation, back-translation and cognitive interviews with the target population. Difficulties were observed in item 2. From the Exploratory Factor Analysis, two factors emerged. In the Confirmatory Factorial Analysis, the fit indexes were suitable: χ2 = 9.256(6), p = .160; CFI = .995; TLI = .988; RMSEA = .035 IC 90% .000, .076. Total omega was .81. The stability per item was moderate; and high for the total score. Means were generally lower in women than in men but similar among age groups. It has evidence for concurrent and convergent validity. The BRS Chilean version might be useful for measuring resilience in young Chileans

Burnout, Positivity and Passion in Young Mexican Athletes: The Mediating Effect of Social Support.

The burnout syndrome is a negative experience for athlete development and it has been demonstrated that it gets worse when a sport is practiced in an obsessive way. Interventions with a positive view towards sports could be a protective factor to boost the athlete's wellbeing. The aim of the present study was to analyse the mediator effect from social support, the relationship between the burnout, positivity and passion in young Mexican athletes. The sample was composed by 452 Mexican athletes, males and females (women 45%), from 12 to 18 years of age (M = 16.29, SD = 1.66). Participants answered the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire, The Scale of the Social Support Perceived by Athletes, the Passion Scale and the Positivity Scale. The results of structural equation modeling showed a good adjustment model (χ2 = 889.213; df = 274; χ2/df = 3.245; p ˂ 0.01; CFI = 0.93; TLI = 0.91; IFI = 0.94; NFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.07). The harmonious passion presented direct and indirect effects on the burnout, being the perceived social support the mediator variable of the indirect effect. The positivity resulted positive predictor from the social support (ß = 0.714, p ˂ 0.001) and social support predicted the burnout (ß = -0.270, p ˂ 0.005). The obsessive passion had a direct effect over burnout (ß = 0.627, p ˂ 0.001). Developing negative commitments to sports could be an indicator of a greater risk of experiencing individual conflicts that lead to sports burnout.

Nanophotonic Sialidase Immunoassay for Bacterial Vaginosis Diagnosis.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) affects reproductive-age women and can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, postpartum endometritis, and preterm labor/delivery and predisposes the infection of sexually transmitted diseases. Typically, BV diagnosis involves the analysis of vaginal swab samples via microscopy operated by highly skilled personnel. Hence, novel approaches for BV diagnosis are an existing need. In response, the first immunosensing platform targeting sialidase, a BV biomarker, is reported. The nanophotonic operational principle of this biosensing platform allows for a cheaper, faster, and simpler analysis when compared with an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical evaluation of such a nanotechnology is highlighted, where 162 vaginal swab samples were analyzed with high sensitivity and specificity (96.29%, respectively). The resulting nanoimmunosensing platform offers a resourceful approach to perform a timely BV diagnosis.

Identification of two fnr genes and characterisation of their role in the anaerobic switch in Sphingopyxis granuli strain TFA.

Sphingopyxis granuli strain TFA is able to grow on the organic solvent tetralin as the only carbon and energy source. The aerobic catabolic pathway for tetralin, the genes involved and their regulation have been fully characterised. Unlike most of the bacteria belonging to the sphingomonads group, this strain is able to grow in anoxic conditions by respiring nitrate, though not nitrite, as the alternative electron acceptor. In this work, two fnr-like genes, fnrN and fixK, have been identified in strain TFA. Both genes are functional in E. coli and Sphingopyxis granuli although fixK, whose expression is apparently activated by FnrN, seems to be much less effective than fnrN in supporting anaerobic growth. Global transcriptomic analysis of a ΔfnrN ΔfixK double mutant and identification of Fnr boxes have defined a minimal Fnr regulon in this bacterium. However, expression of a substantial number of anaerobically regulated genes was not affected in the double mutant. Additional regulators such regBA, whose expression is also activated by Fnr, might also be involved in the anaerobic response. Anaerobically induced stress response genes were not regulated by Fnr but apparently induced by stress conditions inherent to anaerobic growth, probably due to accumulation of nitrite and nitric oxide.

Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against the sialidase of Gardnerella vaginalis using a synthetic peptide in a MAP8 format.

Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most frequent vaginal infections. Its main etiological agent is Gardnerella vaginalis, which produces several virulence factors involved in vaginal infection and colonization, in particular, sialidase (SLD), a potential clinical biomarker that participates in immune response modulation and mucus degradation. The main objective of this work was the production and evaluation of a monoclonal antibody against G. vaginalis sialidase and its validation in immunoassays. For immunization of mice, a synthetic multiantigenic peptide was used, and hybridomas were generated. After fusion, hybridomas were evaluated for antibody production and cloned by limited dilution. One clone producing IgG1 was selected and characterized by indirect ELISA, dot blot, and Western blot, and we also tested clinical isolates and HeLa cells infected with G. vaginalis. The results showed that the anti-SLD antibody recognized a single protein of ~90 kDa that correlated with the estimated molecular weight of SLD. In addition, anti-SLD antibody recognized SLD from complete bacteria and from culture supernatants of infected Hela cells. In conclusion, our results showed that the anti-SLD antibody recognized SLD from different sources and could be considered a new tool for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. KEY POINTS: • Anti-sialidase mAb was generated using a synthetic peptide • The mAb recognizes synthetic peptide and intact protein from multiple sources • The antibody was characterized by several immunological methods.

[Suicide-related behavior and health-related quality of life among first-year university students in a Mexican university]. / Comportamientos de riesgo de suicidio y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en estudiantes que ingresaron a una universidad mexicana.

The objective was to determine if suicide-related behavior (SRB) and health-related quality of life (HRQL) are associated and whether this association is independent of substance use, violence, and sociodemographic variables. It involved a cross-sectional study with 1,229 Mexican university students: 62.4% women; 37.6% men; age 18.2± .6 years. The YRBS and KISDSCREEN questionnaires were applied. The results were as follows: 14.2% students reported despair; 4.7% had suicidal ideation (SI); 4% had suicidal tendencies (ST); and 2.3% had attempted suicide. Multiple logistic regression models show that despair increased the possibility of lower scores in all HRQL domains except economic resources with odds ratio OR (CI 95%) ranging from 1.5 (1.0-2.3) for autonomy to 4.6 (3.1-6.8) for state of mind. The SI increased the possibility of a lower score in relationships with parents and family life (3.9, 1.7-8.9) and in friends and social support (2.9, 1.3-6.4). The ST increased the possibility for lower physical (2.7, 1.2-6.1) and psychological well-being (3.1, 1.3-7.2). HRQL is associated with SRB among Mexican students even after adjustment for substance use and violence. It highlights the fact that despair is negatively associated with different domains of the HRQL of the students.

El objetivo fue determinar si existe asociación entre comportamientos de riesgo de suicidio (CRS) y menor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) y si esta asociación es independiente del consumo de sustancias, violencia y variables sociodemográficas. Estudio transversal, con 1229 estudiantes universitarios mexicanos; 62.4% mujeres y 37.6% hombres, edad 18.2 ± .6 años. Se aplicaron los instrumentos YRBS y KIDSCREEN-52. Presentaron desesperanza 14.2%, ideación suicida (IS) 4.7%, planeación suicida (PS) 4.0% e intento suicida 2.3%. Modelos de regresión logística múltiple muestran que la desesperanza aumentó la posibilidad de menor puntuación en todos los dominios de CVRS excepto en recursos económicos, con odds ratio OR (IC95%) que van de 1.5 (1.0-2.3) para autonomía, hasta 4.6 (3.1-6.8) para estado de ánimo. La IS incrementó la posibilidad de menor puntuación en relación con los padres y vida familiar (3.9, 1.7-8.9) y en amigos y apoyo social (2.9, 1.3-6.4). La PS aumentó la posibilidad de menor bienestar físico (2.7, 1.2-6.1) y psicológico (3.1, 1.3-7.2). En estudiantes mexicanos la CVRS se asocia a los CRS aún después de ajustar por consumo de sustancias y violencia. Se destaca que la desesperanza se asocia negativamente a los distintos dominios de la CVRS de los estudiantes.

Comportamientos de riesgo de suicidio y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en estudiantes que ingresaron a una universidad mexicana / Suicide-related behavior and health-related quality of life among first-year university students in a Mexican university

Resumen El objetivo fue determinar si existe asociación entre comportamientos de riesgo de suicidio (CRS) y menor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) y si esta asociación es independiente del consumo de sustancias, violencia y variables sociodemográficas. Estudio transversal, con 1229 estudiantes universitarios mexicanos; 62.4% mujeres y 37.6% hombres, edad 18.2 ± .6 años. Se aplicaron los instrumentos YRBS y KIDSCREEN-52. Presentaron desesperanza 14.2%, ideación suicida (IS) 4.7%, planeación suicida (PS) 4.0% e intento suicida 2.3%. Modelos de regresión logística múltiple muestran que la desesperanza aumentó la posibilidad de menor puntuación en todos los dominios de CVRS excepto en recursos económicos, con odds ratio OR (IC95%) que van de 1.5 (1.0-2.3) para autonomía, hasta 4.6 (3.1-6.8) para estado de ánimo. La IS incrementó la posibilidad de menor puntuación en relación con los padres y vida familiar (3.9, 1.7-8.9) y en amigos y apoyo social (2.9, 1.3-6.4). La PS aumentó la posibilidad de menor bienestar físico (2.7, 1.2-6.1) y psicológico (3.1, 1.3-7.2). En estudiantes mexicanos la CVRS se asocia a los CRS aún después de ajustar por consumo de sustancias y violencia. Se destaca que la desesperanza se asocia negativamente a los distintos dominios de la CVRS de los estudiantes.

Abstract The objective was to determine if suicide-related behavior (SRB) and health-related quality of life (HRQL) are associated and whether this association is independent of substance use, violence, and sociodemographic variables. It involved a cross-sectional study with 1,229 Mexican university students: 62.4% women; 37.6% men; age 18.2± .6 years. The YRBS and KISDSCREEN questionnaires were applied. The results were as follows: 14.2% students reported despair; 4.7% had suicidal ideation (SI); 4% had suicidal tendencies (ST); and 2.3% had attempted suicide. Multiple logistic regression models show that despair increased the possibility of lower scores in all HRQL domains except economic resources with odds ratio OR (CI 95%) ranging from 1.5 (1.0-2.3) for autonomy to 4.6 (3.1-6.8) for state of mind. The SI increased the possibility of a lower score in relationships with parents and family life (3.9, 1.7-8.9) and in friends and social support (2.9, 1.3-6.4). The ST increased the possibility for lower physical (2.7, 1.2-6.1) and psychological well-being (3.1, 1.3-7.2). HRQL is associated with SRB among Mexican students even after adjustment for substance use and violence. It highlights the fact that despair is negatively associated with different domains of the HRQL of the students.

Assessment tools of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents 1990-2016: a systematic review. / Instrumentos de evaluación de la autolesión no suicida en adolescentes 1990-2016: una revisión sistemática.

The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the instruments created or adapted to assess non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was used. Two individual reviewers analyzed the psychometric properties of instruments published in English or Spanish from 1990 to 2016 considering standardized quality criteria. The PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO databases were consulted. Eighteen studies that created or adapted 11 instruments were selected. Most were developed in the United States or Canada, and none were developed in Latin America. Several studies presented no evidence of the psychometric properties of their instruments. Seven of the 18 studies obtained at least one positive score. The Alexian Brothers Urge to Self-Injure Scale (ABUSI) and the Impulse, Self-harm, and Suicide Ideation Questionnaire for Adolescents (ISSIQ-A) obtained the highest positive scores. The limitation of this study is that only seven databases were employed for the literature search in English and Spanish. The reporting of the psychometric properties of NSSI instruments among adolescents should be improved, and adaptations to Latin American countries should be developed for international comparisons.

El propósito de esta revisión sistemática fue identificar los instrumentos creados o adaptados para evaluar la autolesión no suicida en adolescentes. Se utilizó la metodología PRISMA. Dos revisores independientes analizaron las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos publicados en inglés o español desde 1990 a 2016 considerando criterios de calidad estandarizados. Las bases utilizadas fueron PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect y EBSCO. Se seleccionaron 18 estudios que crearon o adaptaron 11 instrumentos. La mayoría desarrollados en Estados Unidos y Canadá y ninguno en América Latina. Varios estudios no presentan evidencia de las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos. Siete de los 18 estudios obtuvieron al menos una puntuación positiva. El ABUSI y el ISSIQ-A obtuvieron la mayor cantidad de puntuaciones positivas. Las limitaciones de este estudio fueron que la búsqueda se realizó solamente en siete bases de datos y en los idiomas inglés y español. Se sugiere mejorar el reporte de las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos de autolesión no suicida en adolescentes y desarrollar adaptaciones a países de América Latina que permitan hacer comparaciones internacionales.

Instrumentos de evaluación de la autolesión no suicida en adolescentes 1990-2016: una revisión sistemática / Assessment tools of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents 1990-2016: a systematic review

Resumen El propósito de esta revisión sistemática fue identificar los instrumentos creados o adaptados para evaluar la autolesión no suicida en adolescentes. Se utilizó la metodología PRISMA. Dos revisores independientes analizaron las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos publicados en inglés o español desde 1990 a 2016 considerando criterios de calidad estandarizados. Las bases utilizadas fueron PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect y EBSCO. Se seleccionaron 18 estudios que crearon o adaptaron 11 instrumentos. La mayoría desarrollados en Estados Unidos y Canadá y ninguno en América Latina. Varios estudios no presentan evidencia de las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos. Siete de los 18 estudios obtuvieron al menos una puntuación positiva. El ABUSI y el ISSIQ-A obtuvieron la mayor cantidad de puntuaciones positivas. Las limitaciones de este estudio fueron que la búsqueda se realizó solamente en siete bases de datos y en los idiomas inglés y español. Se sugiere mejorar el reporte de las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos de autolesión no suicida en adolescentes y desarrollar adaptaciones a países de América Latina que permitan hacer comparaciones internacionales.

Abstract The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the instruments created or adapted to assess non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was used. Two individual reviewers analyzed the psychometric properties of instruments published in English or Spanish from 1990 to 2016 considering standardized quality criteria. The PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO databases were consulted. Eighteen studies that created or adapted 11 instruments were selected. Most were developed in the United States or Canada, and none were developed in Latin America. Several studies presented no evidence of the psychometric properties of their instruments. Seven of the 18 studies obtained at least one positive score. The Alexian Brothers Urge to Self-Injure Scale (ABUSI) and the Impulse, Self-harm, and Suicide Ideation Questionnaire for Adolescents (ISSIQ-A) obtained the highest positive scores. The limitation of this study is that only seven databases were employed for the literature search in English and Spanish. The reporting of the psychometric properties of NSSI instruments among adolescents should be improved, and adaptations to Latin American countries should be developed for international comparisons.

Systematic review of dating violence questionnaires in Ibero-America and evaluation of their measurement properties. / Revisión sistemática de instrumentos de violencia en el noviazgo en Iberoamérica y evaluación de sus propiedades de medida.

Being a victim or perpetrator of dating violence has been associated with poor mental health, substance abuse, and sexual risk behaviors. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review and to evaluate the quality of the measurement properties of dating violence questionnaires, created or adapted in Ibero-America from 1981 to 2017, for a population aged 12 to 29 years and published in Spanish, English, Portuguese or French. The search was conducted in PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, SciELO and included manual searches. Two independent researchers conducted both the systematic review and the evaluation of measurement properties. Of 5,812 articles identified, 22 studies involving 16 different questionnaires of dating violence were included. In general, the questionnaires showed evidence of internal consistency, content validity and construct validity, although no study presented evidence of criterion validity, reproducibility, sensitivity, or floor and ceiling effects. Among the cross-cultural adaptations, 42% of them included translation, back translation, committee of experts in translation and piloting. Two questionnaires created, CMN and VADRI/Spain-Mexico and two adaptations of the same questionnaire CTS/Brazil-Mexico received the highest scores .

Ser una víctima o perpetrador de violencia en el noviazgo se ha asociado con mala salud mental, consumo de sustancias y riesgos sexuales. El objetivo fue realizar una revisión sistemática y evaluar la calidad de las propiedades de medida de instrumentos de violencia en el noviazgo, creados o adaptados en Iberoamérica de 1981 a 2017, para población de 12 a 29 años y publicados en español, inglés, portugués o francés. La búsqueda se realizó en PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, SciELO y búsquedas manuales. Dos investigadores independientes llevaron a cabo tanto la revisión sistemática como la evaluación de propiedades métricas. De 5,812 artículos identificados, 22 estudios con 16 instrumentos diferentes de violencia en el noviazgo fueron incluidos. En general, hubo evidencia de consistencia interna, validez de contenido y validez de constructo de los instrumentos y ningún estudio presentó evidencia de validez de criterio, reproducibilidad, sensibilidad y efecto piso techo. El 42% de las adaptaciones reportaron traducción, retro traducción, comité de expertos en la traducción y pilotaje. Las puntuaciones más altas las recibieron dos instrumentos creados, CMN y VADRI/España-México y dos adaptaciones del mismo instrumento CTS/Brasil-México .

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the DNA binding domain of the RE1-silencing transcription factor.

The use of monoclonal antibodies for the detection of cellular biomarkers during carcinogenesis provides new strategies for cancer diagnosis or prognosis in patients. Loss of the Restrictive Element 1-Silencing Transcription (REST) factor has been observed in previous molecular and immunological approaches in aggressive breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, liver carcinoma, and colo-rectal cancer; however, for clinic diagnosis, monoclonal antibodies for REST recognition are unavailable. The goal of this work was to design, produce and characterize monoclonal antibodies against the REST DNA binding damain (DBD) that would be suitable for immunoassays. We searched for conserved domains, and immunogenic and antigenic sites in the REST structure via in silico analysis. For mice immunization, we used a recombinant REST DBD purified by affinity chromatography, and then Hybridomas were generated by mouse spleen fusion with myeloma cells. Finally, for monoclonal antibody characterization, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), western blot, dot blot, immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunoprecipitation assays. Results showed that the DBD is conserved in REST isoforms and contains immunogenic and antigenic sites. We generated three clones producing monoclonal antibodies against REST DBD, one of them specifically recognized native REST and was suitable for ICC in samples from patients.