[Outcomes of surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after phaco surgery and implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens in patients with myopia (clinical observations)]. / Rezul'taty khirurgicheskogo lecheniya regmatogennoi otsloiki setchatki posle fakokhirurgii i implantatsii trifokal'noi intraokulyarnoi linzy pri miopii (klinicheskie nablyudeniya).

PURPOSE: To analyze visual functions in moderate and high myopic patients with retinal detachment that developed after implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study analyzed the functional outcomes achieved in 3 patients (4 eyes) with retinal detachment developed after implantation of AcrySof IQ PanOptix («Alcon¼, USA) and AT LISA tri 839 MP («Carl Zeiss Meditec¼, Germany) during the follow-up period of 24 months. Patient examination included measurements of visual acuity at far (4 and 5 m), near (40 cm) and intermediate distances (60 cm, 80 cm), spatial contrast sensitivity, spherical equivalent of refraction, and a survey of patients for subjective satisfaction of the obtained vision. RESULTS: In four eyes of three patients with moderate and high myopia, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was diagnosed during the follow-up period at 4 to 12 months after phacoemulsification of cataract with trifocal IOL implantation. The best visual indicators were found in patient N. as a result of surgical treatment of bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment due to high myopia: visual acuity (VA) at far distance was 1.0 for each eye (with 100 points on the VF-14 questionnaire). In patients P. and M., after the development of unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, complete retinal reattachment was achieved after surgery with VA at far distance 0.55 (OS) in patient P. and 0.4 (OD) in patient M. (95 and 86 points on VF-14, respectively). CONCLUSION: Good visual functions were achieved in three patients with trifocal IOL after surgical treatment of the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment that developed due to myopia. The implanted trifocal IOL did not affect the effectiveness of vitrectomy. After the treatment patients retained the ability to see at different distances.

[Comparative analysis of the functional results after implantation of various diffractive trifocal intraocular lenses]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz funktsional'nykh rezul'tatov implantatsii razlichnykh modelei trifokal'nykh difraktsionnykh intraokuliarnykh linz.

PURPOSE: To compare visual outcomes after implantation of two models of diffractive trifocal IOLs using various vision assessment systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 25 patients (25 eyes) who were implanted with AcrySof IQ PanOptix (TFN) and 25 patients (25 eyes) implanted with AT LISA tri 839 MP (TRI). Postoperative examination at 1 year included assessment of monocular visual acuity for far, intermediate and near distance using decimal scale, as well as LogMAR and an interactive computer program (ICP). Contrast sensitivity was assessed with the Optec 6500 device. A questionnaire was used to evaluate subjective quality of vision and the intensity of optical phenomena. RESULTS: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) at distance, intermediate and near was better in the TFN group in comparison with the TRI group as measured with decimal scale, ICP and LogMAR. Under photopic and mesopic conditions with and without glare, at all spatial frequencies the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) was higher after implantation of TFN in comparison with TRI. The average VF-14 score was 97.2 after implantation of TFN and 96.7 after implantation of TRI. The amount of patients who required spectacle correction after the surgery was 5.5% less in the TFN group compared to the TRI group. CONCLUSION: High visual outcomes at all distances were observed in patients after implantation of both trifocal IOLs with TFN showing a slight advantage. Evaluation of the visual outcomes using various systems showed the benefits of the ICP assessment. The CSF had typical configuration with maximum value in the mid-range region and a decrease in the high-frequency range after implantation of both IOLs, however the indicators were better in the TFN group. The postoperative period was characterized by high levels of patient satisfaction and spectacle independence in both groups.

[Brachial artery endothelial function in teenagers with obesity depending on severity of clinical, trophological and metabolic disorders].

We carried out complex examination of 68 adolescents aged 11-17 years with primary obesity which in addition to assessment of clinical-anamnestic, laboratory data and functional parameters of cardiovascular system included registration of reaction of brachial artery endothelium to reactive hyperemia. Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) was found in 66% of obese teenagers. Obesity in adolescents with VED was characterized by aggravated course with higher fat mass index (36.8 +/- 4.39%) and prevalence of hypothalamic (42%) and metabolic (8.8%) syndromes. Stable arterial hypertension (AH) found in 37% of examined adolescents was 1.5 times more often registered in those with VED. We distinguished 4 groups of adolescents with various degree of risk of development of cardiovascular disorders: with stable AH and VED (group I), with stable AH and normal function of vascular endothelium (group II), with normal or labile arterial pressure with VED (group III), with normal or labile arterial pressure with normal function of vascular endothelium. It is expedient to supplement examination of obese adolescents with assessment of the state of vascular endothelium aiming at determination of degree of risk of development of atherosclerosis and/or stable AH.

[Clinical-lab efficacy assessment of finishing strips with different abrasiveness degree].

Research is aimed at studying the efficacy and characteristics of various finishing strips. The data on the finishing strips line were classified and analyzed. The efficacy assessment was based on clinical study and scanning electronic microscopy. Various types of finishing strips were identified to have different efficacy degree which affects the clinical and functional guides.

[Active exercises in water for advanced age women as the way to improve their physical workability and to correct body composition].

Water gymnastics is a suitable practice for those for whom ordinary exercising could be difficult, for example, people with joint problems, the paralysis, overweight or simply clumsy people. In water these people feel lighter, it takes less effort to exercise, and people get a good training load in a short time. Water gymnastics does not endanger joints or overload the spinal column, and even muscles will not hurt after exercising in water. In addition, water strengthens the body.

[Changes in the level of short-chain volatile fatty acids and their aldehydes in oral air and fluid during inflammation of oral tissues]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia korotkotsepochechnykh letuchikh zhirnykh kislot i ikh al'degidov v zhidkosti i vozdukhe rta pri vospalenii tkanei rotovoi polosti.

It is shown that volatile short-chain fatty acids (propionate, butyrate and acetate) of bacterial and tissue origin are important factors of pathogenesis of oral tissue inflammation. A comparative biochemical study using chromato-mass-spectrometry, gas adsorptive and gas-liquid chromatography of oral media in healthy subjects has discovered that in gingivitis and parodontitis these media contain higher concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and lower ones of relevant aldehydes in intensification of the inflammatory process. The ratios of acetate/acetaldehyde, propionate/acrolein, butyrate/butyraldehyde increase considerably with intensification of parodontic inflammation making these values suitable for assessment of inflammation severity.

[Volatile compounds in air and oral saliva in healthy people, and in periodontitis and gingivitis patients]. / Letuchie soedineniia v vozdukhe i sliune rotovo polosti zdorovykh liudei, pri parodontite i gingivite.

21 healthy persons, 7 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis and 4 patients with chronic generalized gingivitis aged between 18 and 42 years were examined. Air from the oral cavity was collected with a special device; liquid samples were collected by washing the oral cavity with sterile water. Chemical compounds of the air and the washed liquid were analyzed by chromato-mass-spectrometry, gas-adsorption and gas-liquid chromatography. The content of dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl disulphide increased in the oral air and such volatile short chain fatty acids (VSCFA) as butyrate, propionate, acetate rose, but their aldehydes (butyraldehyde, acrolein, acetaldehyde decreased in oral fluid during periodontitis. The concentration of these compounds were found to be between the levels in control persons and during periodontitis. The content of pentane decreased in oral air. That depended on the intensity of inflammation and vessel disturbances. The results suggest that VSCFA produced by Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Fusobacterium and other periodontopathic bacteria, penetrate the oral mucosa and severely harm the periodontal tissue. The increase of dimethyl sulphide contributed to oral malodor during periodontal inflammation.

[The evaluation of periodontal status by the chemical composition of the oral media]. / Otsenka sostoianiia parodonta po khimicheskomu sostavu sred polosti rta.

Twelve patients aged 21-38 years with gingivitis and periodontitis and 9 subjects with intact periodontium were examined. Air from the oral cavity was collected with a special device, liquid samples were collected by gargling with sterile water. Chemical composition of the air and washings was analyzed by chromato-mass-spectrometry, gas adsorption and gas liquid chromatography. Inflammation of periodontal tissues was associated with a sharp increase in the oral air concentration of methylethylketone. The concentrations of isovaleric, n-valeric, and n-enanthic aldehydes increased appreciably. Ethanol predominated over n-butyl alcohol. The levels of dimethylsulfide and isoprene increased several times. In the washings from the oral cavity, the content of microorganism's vital activity products (fatty acids) was increased. Possible metabolic mechanisms of the detected shifts are discussed.

[Opisthorchiasis and pseudamphistomiasis on the territory of the middle Volga valley]. / Opistorkhoz i psevdamfistomoz na territorii Srednego Povolzh'ia.

The authors describe cases of opisthorchiasis and pseudamphistomiasis in 5 areas adjacent to the banks of the Volga, Kama, and Belaya. Metacercariae of Opisthorchis and Pseudamphistomum have been detected in the Cyprinidae. The incidence rate of Opisthorchis infection has been notified in these areas since 1957 and that of Pseudamphistomum infection has been recorded since 1989.

[Transplantation of pancreatic islet cell cultures in the treatment of suppurative surgical diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus]. / Transplantatsiia kul'tur ostrovkovykh kletok podzheludochnoi zhelezy pri lechenii gnoinykh khirurgicheskikh zabolevanii u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom.

The authors have analyzed the possibility to use transplantation of the pancreatic islet cell cultures of pig embryos as a method of preoperative preparing patients with type II diabetes mellitus having pyo-surgical diseases.

[Treatment of labile forms of diabetes mellitus by transplantation of cultured pancreatic islet cells]. / Lechenie labil'nykh form sakharnogo diabeta transplantatsiei kul'tur ostrovkovykh kletok podzheludochnoi zhelezy.

The authors presented data on the transplantation of human fetal and pig pancreatic islet cell cultures to 89 patients with type I diabetes mellitus of a labile course. Allo- and xeno-transplantations of pancreatic islet cell cultures in combination with exogenous insulin administration were shown to improve the patients' general status raising their working capacity. As a result of 118 islet cell transplantations hypoglycemic comas either stopped or became milder and were better corrected. Stabilization of metabolic processes was observed in the patients. Clinicobiochemical indices and subjective signs of diabetes stabilization were observed within 12-15 months after transplantation.

[Hypophosphatemia after successful transplantation of the kidney. Clinico-experimental study]. / Hypophosphatämie nach erfolgter Transplantation der Niere. Klinisch-experimentelle Untersuchung.

The dynamic of indices changes of phosphorus treatment with nefrons in 16 patients after kidney transplantation was studied. The transitory hypophosphatemia accompanied with urine was typical in the majority of patients. The decrease of reabsorption and elevation of phosphorus clearance were noted. In a number of cases the phosphatemia level was increased due to reduction of prednisolone doses. It was experimentally revealed that prednisolone reduces the phosphorus absorption in intestine at 25% and the treatment by 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 and 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 promotes the normalization of this process.