Assuntos
Baclofeno/administração & dosagem , Bombas de Infusão Implantáveis , Injeções Espinhais/instrumentação , Espasticidade Muscular/diagnóstico por imagem , Ácido Pentético , Pentetato de Tecnécio Tc 99m , Adolescente , Adulto , Análise de Falha de Equipamento/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Radioisótopos de Índio/administração & dosagem , Radioisótopos de Índio/farmacocinética , Relaxantes Musculares Centrais/administração & dosagem , Espasticidade Muscular/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Pentético/administração & dosagem , Ácido Pentético/farmacocinética , Cintilografia , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/administração & dosagem , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/farmacocinética , Pentetato de Tecnécio Tc 99m/administração & dosagem , Pentetato de Tecnécio Tc 99m/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
Pneumothorax is a potentially life-threatening condition in the setting of the neonatal special-care nursery (SCN) that may result in rapid deterioration and death. The familiar appearances associated with pneumothorax on AP supine chest radiograph are highly specific, but limited in sensitivity. In this case report, we describe the theory and technique of thoracic ultrasound for detection of pneumothorax in the SCN, providing a viable alternative to the cross-table lateral radiograph without ionising radiation, with highly accurate results, and with minimal patient positioning.
Assuntos
Doenças do Prematuro/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumotórax/diagnóstico por imagem , Tubos Torácicos , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to illustrate the dramatic neuroimaging findings of toxic leukoencephalopathy caused by heroin vapor inhalation. CONCLUSION: Symmetric abnormality involving the cerebellar white matter and posterior limb of the internal capsule is characteristic of heroin vapor inhalation toxicity, although involvement may be more extensive, depending on the severity of the condition. MR imaging and CT appear to be essential for making this diagnosis because clinical history is often unreliable and findings at physical examination are nonspecific.
Assuntos
Encefalopatias/induzido quimicamente , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Heroína/intoxicação , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Entorpecentes/intoxicação , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Administração por Inalação , Adulto , Heroína/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Masculino , Entorpecentes/administração & dosagemRESUMO
PURPOSE: To prospectively compare the accuracy of ultrasonography (US) with that of supine chest radiography in the detection of traumatic pneumothoraces, with computed tomography (CT) as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thoracic US, supine chest radiography, and CT were performed to assess for pneumothorax in 27 patients who sustained blunt thoracic trauma. US and radiographic findings were compared with CT findings, the reference standard, for pneumothorax detection. For the purpose of this study, the sonographers were blinded to the radiographic and CT findings. RESULTS: Eleven of 27 patients had pneumothorax at CT. All 11 of these pneumothoraces were detected at US, and four were seen at supine chest radiography. In the one false-positive US case, the patient was shown to have substantial bullous emphysema at CT. Sensitivity and negative predictive value of US were 100% (11 of 11 and 15 of 15 patients, respectively), specificity was 94% (15 of 16 patients), and positive predictive value was 92% (11 of 12 patients). Chest radiography had 36% (four of 11 patients) sensitivity, 100% (16 of 16 patients) specificity, a 100% (four of four patients) positive predictive value, and a 70% (16 of 23 patients) negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: In this study, US was more sensitive than supine chest radiography and as sensitive as CT in the detection of traumatic pneumothoraces.
