RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors influencing the onset and type of adverse events in patients injected with permanent fillers in the face and to propose a therapeutic strategy for these complications. METHODS: A prospectively attained series of 85 patients with delayed-onset complications after facial injection with permanent fillers underwent clinical follow-up and treatment of the complications. RESULTS: Lag times until onset and type of delayed-onset complication varied according to filler material. In 28% (n = 24) of the cases, patients reported the onset of complications after dental procedures, additional injections with fillers, or other invasive treatments in the facial area. Forty-eight (57%) patients required invasive treatment. Abscess formation was significantly more frequent in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and facial lipoatrophy (p = .001). CONCLUSION: The intrinsic characteristics of the injected filler and the immune status of the patient play important roles in the diversity of time of onset and type of delayed-onset adverse events observed. It seems that invasive facial or oral procedures in the vicinity of filler depots can provoke such complications. We propose a strategy for treating these complications and advise great caution when using permanent filling agents.
Assuntos
Abscesso/induzido quimicamente , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Técnicas Cosméticas/efeitos adversos , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Abscesso/microbiologia , Abscesso/cirurgia , Acrilatos/efeitos adversos , Resinas Acrílicas/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Antirretrovirais/efeitos adversos , Atrofia/induzido quimicamente , Atrofia/tratamento farmacológico , Colágeno/efeitos adversos , Dimetilpolisiloxanos/efeitos adversos , Face , Feminino , Humanos , Ácido Hialurônico/efeitos adversos , Hidrogéis/efeitos adversos , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimetil Metacrilato/efeitos adversos , Estudos Prospectivos , Rejuvenescimento , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
This study reports on 9 patients with obstetrical brachial plexus injury who underwent a latissimus dorsi (LD) transfer to reconstruct external rotation of the upper extremity. Transfer of the LD to the rotator cuff is widely used for restoring shoulder abduction and external rotation in patients with obstetrical brachial plexus injury. Patients were classified according to type of paralysis, age of surgery, and shoulder function. This retrospective article evaluated the results of the LD transfer in a group of 9 patients. The study shows that in the near future, profit can be made in active and passive external rotation.
