[New method of double contrast examination of the esophagus (author's transl)]. / Eine neue Methode zur Doppelkontrastuntersuchung der Speiseröhre.

Many different methods of double contrast esophagus examination exist, e.g. the air swallowing, tube inflation, gas producing or hypnotizing agent administration techniques. However, to swallow an adequate size air bubble is difficult, the insertion of an esophageal tube is inconvenient for the patient and time consuming to a certain extent, and the use of gas producing or hypnotizing compositions has some disadvantages too. Our method employs foam (whipped cream) instead of the air or carbon dioxide generally used. After consuming one tablespoonful good-quality barium sulfate esophagus paste, the patient swallows one or two tablespoonfuls whipped cream to distend the barium coated walls. Owing to the nearly air-equivalent density of the foam, high-quality double contrast spots can be obtained. This technique allows adequate time for exposing films in different obliques as well. The foam contrasting is effective even distally to a narrowed part, so the distensibility can be analyzed at full length of the esophagus.

[Intramural perforation of the oesophagus (author's transl)]. / Intramurale Osophagusperforationen.

The authors have seen four patients with perforation into the wall of the oesophagus and have reviewed 17 others described in the literature. They discuss the appearances, causes, symptoms and radiological characteristics of this condition and also deal with its treatment. It is important to differentiate the clinical picture of this type of perforation from cardiac infarcts, aortic dissection and also from transmural perforation, since the treatment varies widely.

[Clinical experiences with the new contrast medium iodamide 420 (author's transl)]. / Klinische Erfahrungen mit dem neuen Röntgenkontrastmittel Iodamide 420.

Iodamide 420 is a high concentrated, water solubile contrast medium of 420 mg/ml iodine content. Clinical observations were made on 31 patients, following 68 contrast injections. The administered iodine solution amounted to 3 to 100 ml pro injection, i.e. 0.6 to 2.0 ml/kg body weight and a total of 12 to 160 ml, i.e. 0.8 to 5.0 mg/kg pro angiographic study. Tests of sensitivity were not done. Iodamide 420 is characterized by a strikingly good tolerability. No severe complication was observed. The side effects were rare and negligible. The use of this high concentrated contrast medium improves the quality of angiograms, especially in cases, where the injection of the necessary amount is troublesome due to the high flow/small catheter lumen ratio.