SER recommendations on treatment of refractory Behçet's syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To develop multidisciplinary recommendations based on available evidence and expert consensus for the therapeutic management of patients with refractory Behçet's syndrome (BS) (difficult to treat, severe resistant, severe relapse) to conventional treatment. METHODS: A group of experts identified clinical research questions relevant to the objective of the document. These questions were reformulated in PICO format (patient, intervention, comparison and outcome). Systematic reviews of the evidence were conducted, the quality of the evidence was evaluated following the methodology of the international working group Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). After that, the multidisciplinary panel formulated the specific recommendations. RESULTS: 4 PICO questions were selected regarding the efficacy and safety of systemic pharmacological treatments in patients with BS with clinical manifestations refractory to conventional therapy related to mucocutaneous and/or articular, vascular, neurological parenchymal and gastrointestinal phenotypes. A total of 7 recommendations were made, structured by question, based on the identified evidence and expert consensus. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of most severe clinical manifestations of BS lacks solid scientific evidence and, besides, there are no specific recommendation documents for patients with refractory disease. With the aim of providing a response to this need, here we present the first official Recommendations of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology for the management of these patients. They are devised as a tool for assistance in clinical decision making, therapeutic homogenisation and to reduce variability in the care of these patients.

Recomendaciones SER sobre el tratamiento de la uveítis / SER recommendations for the treatment of uveitis

Objetivo: Elaborar recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia disponible y el consenso de expertos para el manejo terapéutico de los pacientes con uveítis no infecciosas, no neoplásicas y no asociadas a enfermedad desmielinizante. Métodos: Se identificaron preguntas clínicas de investigación relevantes para el objetivo del documento, reformuladas en formato PICO (paciente, intervención, comparación, outcome o desenlace) por un panel de expertos seleccionados en base a su experiencia en el área. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la evidencia, graduándose de acuerdo a los criterios Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Subsecuentemente, se formularon las recomendaciones. Resultados: Se seleccionaron tres preguntas PICO, referentes a uveítis anteriores, no anteriores y complicadas con edema macular. Se formularon un total de 19 recomendaciones con base en la evidencia encontrada y/o en el consenso de expertos. Conclusiones: Se presenta el primer documento oficial de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología de recomendaciones para el tratamiento de las uveítis. Pueden aplicarse directamente al sistema sanitario español como herramienta de ayuda y homogenización terapéutica.(AU)

Objective: To develop evidence-based expert-consensus recommendations for the management of non-infectious, non-neoplastic, non-demyelinating disease associated uveitis. Methods: Clinical research questions relevant to the objective of the document were identified, and reformulated into PICO format (patient, intervention, comparison, outcome) by a panel of experts selected based on their experience in the field. A systematic review of the available evidence was conducted, and evidence was graded according to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) criteria. Subsequently, recommendations were developed. Results: Three PICO questions were constructed referring to uveitis anterior, non-anterior and complicated with macular edema. A total of 19 recommendations were formulated, based on the evidence found and/or expert consensus. Conclusions: Here we present the first official recommendations of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology for the treatment of non-infectious and non-demyelinating disease associated uveitis. They can be directly applied to the Spanish healthcare system as a tool for assistance and therapeutic homogenisation.(AU)

SER recommendations for the treatment of uveitis.

OBJECTIVE: To develop evidence-based expert-consensus recommendations for the management of non-infectious, non-neoplastic, non-demyelinating disease associated uveitis. METHODS: Clinical research questions relevant to the objective of the document were identified, and reformulated into PICO format (patient, intervention, comparison, outcome) by a panel of experts selected based on their experience in the field. A systematic review of the available evidence was conducted, and evidence was graded according to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) criteria. Subsequently, recommendations were developed. RESULTS: Three PICO questions were constructed referring to uveitis anterior, non-anterior and complicated with macular edema. A total of 19 recommendations were formulated, based on the evidence found and/or expert consensus. CONCLUSIONS: Here we present the first official recommendations of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology for the treatment of non-infectious and non-demyelinating disease associated uveitis. They can be directly applied to the Spanish healthcare system as a tool for assistance and therapeutic homogenisation.

SER-SEPAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease. Part 1: Epidemiology, risk factors and prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To develop multidisciplinary recommendations to improve the management of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). METHODS: Clinical research questions relevant to the objective of the document were identified by a panel of rheumatologists and pneumologists selected based on their experience in the field. Systematic reviews of the available evidence were conducted, and evidence was graded according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) criteria. Specific recommendations were made. RESULTS: Six PICO questions were selected, three of which analysed the incidence and prevalence of RA-ILD, associated risk factors, and predictors of progression and mortality. A total of 6 specific recommendations on these topics, structured by question, were formulated based on the evidence found and/or expert consensus. CONCLUSIONS: We present the first official SER-SEPAR document with specific recommendations for RA-ILD management developed to resolve some common clinical questions and facilitate decision-making for patients.

SER-SEPAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease. Part 2: Treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To develop multidisciplinary recommendations to improve the management of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). METHODS: Clinical research questions relevant to the objective of the document were identified by a panel of rheumatologists and pneumologists selected based on their experience in the field. Systematic reviews of the available evidence were conducted, and evidence was graded according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) criteria. Specific recommendations were made. RESULTS: Six PICO questions were selected, three of which analysed the safety and effectiveness of glucocorticoids, classical synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and other immunosuppressants, biological agents, targeted synthetic DMARDs, and antifibrotic therapies in the treatment of this complication. A total of 12 recommendations were formulated based on the evidence found and/or expert consensus. CONCLUSIONS: We present the first official SER-SEPAR document with specific recommendations for RA-ILD management developed to resolve some common clinical questions, reduce clinical healthcare variability, and facilitate decision-making for patients.

Recomendaciones SER sobre la utilización de fármacos biológicos en el síndrome de Sjögren primario / SER recommendations on the use of biological drugs in primary Sjögren's syndrome

OBJETIVO: Elaborar recomendaciones SER sobre el uso de agentes biológicos en el síndrome de Sjögren primario (SSp). MÉTODOS: Se identificaron preguntas clínicas de investigación relevantes sobre el uso de agentes biológicos en el SSp. Las preguntas clínicas se reformularon en 4 preguntas PICO. Se diseñó una estrategia de búsqueda y se realizó una revisión de la evidencia científica de estudios publicados hasta mayo de 2017. Se revisó sistemáticamente la evidencia científica disponible. Se evaluó el nivel global de la evidencia científica utilizando los niveles de evidencia del SIGN. Tras ello, se formularon recomendaciones específicas. RESULTADOS: Se recomienda rituximab como el fármaco biológico de elección para las manifestaciones extraglandulares refractarias al tratamiento convencional. Se desaconseja el uso de agentes anti-TNF. La evidencia científica es escasa con belimumab y abatacept, por lo que deberían considerarse solamente en los casos resistentes a rituximab. CONCLUSIONES: El rituximab es el fármaco biológico de elección en las manifestaciones graves extraglandulares del SSp. Belimumab o abatacept podrían ser de utilidad en casos seleccionados

OBJECTIVE: To formulate SER recommendations for the use of biological agents in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). METHODS: Relevant clinical research questions were identified on the use of biological agents in pSS. The clinical questions were reformulated into 4 PICO questions. A search strategy was designed and a review of the scientific evidence of studies published until May 2017 was carried out. The scientific evidence available was systematically reviewed. The overall level of scientific evidence was assessed using the SIGN evidence levels. After that, specific recommendations were made. RESULTS: Rituximab is recommended as the biological agent of choice for extraglandular manifestations refractory to conventional treatment. The use of anti-TNF agents is discouraged. The scientific evidence with belimumab and abatacept is scarce, so they should be considered only in cases refractory to rituximab. CONCLUSIONS: Rituximab is the biological agent of choice in severe extraglandular manifestations of pSS. Belimumab or abatacept may be useful in selected cases

Recomendaciones de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología sobre osteoporosis / Recommendations by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology on Osteoporosis

Objetivo: Actualizar las recomendaciones sobre osteoporosis (OP) de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología (SER) basadas en la mejor evidencia posible. Métodos: Se creó un panel formado por nueve reumatólogos expertos en OP previamente seleccionados por la SER mediante una convocatoria abierta. Las fases del trabajo fueron: identificación de las áreas claves para la actualización del consenso anterior, análisis y síntesis de la evidencia científica (utilizando los niveles de evidencia del SIGN) y formulación de recomendaciones a partir de esta evidencia y de técnicas de consenso. Resultados: Esta revisión de las recomendaciones comporta una actualización en la evaluación diagnóstica de la OP y de su tratamiento. Propone unos criterios para considerar alto riesgo de fractura y unas indicaciones para iniciar tratamiento. Las recomendaciones abordan también cuestiones relativas a la seguridad de los tratamientos y al manejo de situaciones especiales como las enfermedades inflamatorias y el tratamiento con glucocorticoides. Conclusiones: Se presenta la actualización de las recomendaciones SER sobre OP

Objective: To update the recommendations on osteoporosis (OP) of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (SER) based on the best possible evidence. Methods: A panel of nine expert rheumatologists in OP was created, previously selected by the SER through an open call. The phases of the work were: identification of the key areas for updating the previous consensus, analysis and synthesis of the scientific evidence (using the SIGN levels of evidence) and formulation of recommendations based on this evidence and consensus techniques. Results: This revision of the recommendations implies an update in the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of OP. It proposes some criteria to consider the high risk of fracture and some indications to start treatment. The recommendations also address issues related to the safety of treatments and the management of special situations such as inflammatory diseases and treatment with glucocorticoids. Conclusions: We present an update of SER recommendations on OP

SER recommendations on the use of biological drugs in primary Sjögren's syndrome. / Recomendaciones SER sobre la utilización de fármacos biológicos en el síndrome de Sjögren primario.

OBJECTIVE: To formulate SER recommendations for the use of biological agents in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). METHODS: Relevant clinical research questions were identified on the use of biological agents in pSS. The clinical questions were reformulated into 4PICO questions. A search strategy was designed and a review of the scientific evidence of studies published until May 2017 was carried out. The scientific evidence available was systematically reviewed. The overall level of scientific evidence was assessed using the SIGN evidence levels. After that, specific recommendations were made. RESULTS: Rituximab is recommended as the biological agent of choice for extraglandular manifestations refractory to conventional treatment. The use of anti-TNF agents is discouraged. The scientific evidence with belimumab and abatacept is scarce, so they should be considered only in cases refractory to rituximab. CONCLUSIONS: Rituximab is the biological agent of choice in severe extraglandular manifestations of pSS. Belimumab or abatacept may be useful in selected cases.

Recommendations by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology on Osteoporosis. / Recomendaciones de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología sobre osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVE: To update the recommendations on osteoporosis (OP) of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (SER) based on the best possible evidence. METHODS: A panel of nine expert rheumatologists in OP was created, previously selected by the SER through an open call. The phases of the work were: identification of the key areas for updating the previous consensus, analysis and synthesis of the scientific evidence (using the SIGN levels of evidence) and formulation of recommendations based on this evidence and consensus techniques. RESULTS: This revision of the recommendations implies an update in the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of OP. It proposes some criteria to consider the high risk of fracture and some indications to start treatment. The recommendations also address issues related to the safety of treatments and the management of special situations such as inflammatory diseases and treatment with glucocorticoids. CONCLUSIONS: We present an update of SER recommendations on OP.

Síndromes miofasciales / Myofascial pain syndrome

El síndrome miofascial es un cuadro de dolor regional de origen muscular, localizado en un músculo o grupo muscular, que consta de una banda tensa, aumentada de consistencia, dolorosa, identificable por palpación y en cuyo seno se encuentra el punto gatillo (PG) y dolor referido a distancia, espontáneamente o a la presión digital. Las causas están relacionadas con factores biomecánicos de sobrecarga o sobreutilización muscular o microtraumatismos repetitivos. No se conoce la fisiopatología, pero parece deberse a una disfunción de la placa motora por liberación excesiva de acetilcolina. En el diagnóstico es fundamental la historia clínica, la exploración física y un adecuado aprendizaje del examen muscular de los PG. El tratamiento requiere un abordaje multidimensional. Eliminar los factores perpetuadores, educar al paciente y proporcionarle un programa de ejercicios domiciliarios. La fisioterapia, la farmacoterapia y diversos tratamientos conductuales se emplean de forma individualizada. En los casos refractarios, la infiltración de los PG (punción seca, anestésicos locales, corticoides o toxina botulínica), realizada por un médico experimentado, es eficaz (AU)

Myosfascial pain syndrome is characterized by regional pain originating in muscle groups or a single muscle, with a tense band of increased consistency and painful to the touch, in which center a trigger point (TP) is found and generates referred pain, spontaneous pain or pain upon palpation. Causes are related to biomechanical over weight factors or muscle over usage and repetitive microtrauma. Its physiopathology is unknown but it is thought to be due to a dysfunction of the neuromotor plate due to excessive acetylcholine liberation. Clinical history, examination and an adequate review of the TG are fundamental to diagnosis. Treatment requires a multidimensional approach. Eliminating the perpetuating factors, patient education and a home-based exercise program are the cornerstone of patient treatment. Physiotherapy, pharmacotherapy and several behavioral treatments are employed in an individualized manner. In treatment resistant cases, infiltration of TP (“dry” puncture, local anesthetics, steroids or botulinic toxin), performed by an experienced physician, has been efficacious (AU)

[Myofascial pain syndrome]. / Síndromes miofasciales.

Myosfascial pain syndrome is characterized by regional pain originating in muscle groups or a single muscle, with a tense band of increased consistency and painful to the touch, in which center a trigger point (TP) is found and generates referred pain, spontaneous pain or pain upon palpation. Causes are related to biomechanical over weight factors or muscle over usage and repetitive microtrauma. Its physiopathology is unknown but it is thought to be due to a dysfunction of the neuromotor plate due to excessive acetylcholine liberation. Clinical history, examination and an adequate review of the TG are fundamental to diagnosis. Treatment requires a multidimensional approach. Eliminating the perpetuating factors, patient education and a home-based exercise program are the cornerstone of patient treatment. Physiotherapy, pharmacotherapy and several behavioral treatments are employed in an individualized manner. In treatment resistant cases, infiltration of TP ("dry" puncture, local anesthetics, steroids or botulinic toxin), performed by an experienced physician, has been efficacious.