Brief Version of the Revised-Abbreviated Eysenck Personality Questionnaire in a Spanish Young Adult Population.

Eysenck's PEN model is one of the most relevant and fruitful models with empirical support, and continues eliciting a large research corpus. Neverthe less, the systematic limitations regarding the psychoticism dimension and questionable inclusion of social desirability as a personality dimension have limited the model. The current research aimed to estimate an alternative PEN model including social desirability as a control and test its validity and reliability. This sample consists of 2969 Spanish young adults. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to test the fitting of four different models to the data. Once the best-fitting model was obtained, multiple-group analyses were carried out to assess the configural, metric, and scalar invariance of the model across sexes. The results showed that the three-dimension PEN model and two-dimension EN model controlling social desirability best fit the data and were invariant across sexes. Despite the apparent appropriateness of both models, the EN model controlling for social desirability is more appropriate due to the weakness of the P dimension.

El modelo PEN de Eysenck es uno de los modelos con evidencia empírica más relevantes y fructíferos que sigue suscitando investigación. Sin embargo, las limitaciones sistemáticas del modelo relacionadas con la dimensión de psicoticismo y la inclusión de la deseabilidad social como dimensión de personalidad han limitado al modelo. El objetivo de la investigación actual fue estimar un modelo PEN alternativo, incluyendo la deseabilidad social como control, y testar su validez y fiabilidad. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 2962 españoles adultos jóvenes. Se evaluó el ajuste de cuatro modelos diferentes a los datos. Una vez establecido el mejor ajuste, se llevó a cabo un análisis multigrupo para evaluar la invarianza configural, métrica y escalar por sexos. Los resultados indicaron que el modelo PEN de tres dimensiones y el modelo EN de dos dimensiones, controlando la deseabilidad social, tenían el mejor ajuste a los datos y eran invariantes entre sexos. A pesar de la aparente adecuación de los modelos, el modelo EN, controlando la deseabilidad social, se consideró más apropiado atendiendo a las debilidades de la dimensión P.

Electrokinetic properties of NaCl solution via molecular dynamics simulations with scaled-charge electrolytes.

Scaling ionic charges has become an alternative to polarizable force fields for representing indirect charge transfer effects in molecular simulations. In our work, we apply molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the properties of NaCl aqueous solutions in homogeneous and confined media. We compare classical integer- and scaled-charge force fields for the ions. In the bulk, we validate the force fields by computing equilibrium and transport properties and comparing them with experimental data. Integer-charge ions overestimate dielectric saturation and ionic association. Both force fields present an excess in ion-ion correlation, which leads to a deviation in the ionic conductivity at higher ionic strengths. Negatively charged quartz is used to simulate the confinement effect. Electrostatic interactions dominate counter-ion adsorption. Full-charge ions have stronger and more defined adsorption planes. We obtain the electroosmotic mobility of the solution by combining the shear plane location from non-equilibrium simulations with the ionic distribution from equilibrium simulations. From the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation, the zeta potential and the streaming potential coupling coefficient are computed. From an atomic-scale perspective, our molecular dynamics simulations corroborate the hypothesis of maximum packing of the Stern layer, which results in a stable and non-zero zeta potential at high salinity. The scaled-charge model representation of both properties is in excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement with experimental data. With our work, we demonstrate how useful and precise simple scaled-charge models for electrolytes can be to represent complex systems, such as the electrical double layer.

Thermal Conductivity of a Fluid-Filled Nanoporous Material: Underlying Molecular Mechanisms and the Rattle Effect.

Nanoporous materials are central to the energy and environmental crisis, with key applications in adsorption, separation, and catalysis. While confinement and surface effects on fluids severely confined in their porosity are well documented, the thermal behavior of nanoporous solids subjected to fluid adsorption remains puzzling in many aspects. With striking phenomena such as the so-called rattle effect, through which fluid/solid collisions decrease the overall thermal conductivity, the solid thermal conductivity and, more generally, heat transfer and dispersion in these complex systems challenge classical approaches (e.g., mixing rules including effective medium approaches fail to capture such effects as shown here). In particular, a robust molecular framework to describe the crossover between the decrease in thermal conductivity through the rattle effect in very narrow pores and the increase in thermal conductivity when replacing vacuum with a fluid phase in larger pores is still missing. Here, using a prototypical model of fluid-filled nanoporous materials (a Lennard-Jones phase confined in an all-silica zeolite), we perform a molecular simulation study to shed light on the parameters that govern the rattle effect in nanoporous solids. First, by varying the fluid/fluid, fluid/solid, and solid/solid interaction strengths as well as the fluid number density and mass density, we unravel the ingredients that lead to the essential coupling between fluid adsorption and phonon transport. Second, despite this complex interplay, inspired by pioneering molecular approaches on the rattle effect, we show that all data obey a simple statistical physics model that relies on the change in the speed of sound due to the fluid adsorbed density and the decrease in phonon lifetime due to scattering by fluid molecules. This framework, which provides a simple formalism to rationalize the thermal behavior of this class of solid/fluid composites, points to a decrease in thermal conductivity upon fluid confinement (up to 30% in some cases). Such an effect paves the way for the design of novel applications involving fluids in interaction with nanoporous materials.

Protective effect of sucrose esters from cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) in TNBS-induced colitis.

Phytotherapy is an attractive strategy to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that could be especially useful in developing countries. We previously demonstrated the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of the total ethereal extract from the Physalis peruviana (Cape gooseberry) calyces in TNBS-induced colitis. This work investigates the therapeutic potential of Peruviose A and B, two sucrose esters that constitute the major metabolites of its calyces. The effect of the Peruvioses A and B mixture on TNBS-induced colitis was studied after 3 (preventive) and 15-days (therapy set-up) of colitis induction in rats. Colonic inflammation was assessed by measuring macroscopic/histologic damage, MPO activity, and biochemical changes. Additionally, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with test compounds to determine the effect on cytokine imbalance in these cells. Peruvioses mixture ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis in acute (preventive) or established (therapeutic) settings. Although 3-day treatment with compounds did not produce a potent effect, it was sufficient to significantly reduce the extent/severity of tissue damage and the microscopic disturbances. Beneficial effects in the therapy set-up were substantially higher and involved the inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes (iNOS, COX-2), cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6), as well as epithelial regeneration with restoration of goblet cells numbers and expression of MUC-2 and TFF-3. Consistently, LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells produced less NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1. These effects might be related to the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results suggest that sucrose esters from P. peruviana calyces, non-edible waste from fruit production, might be useful as an alternative IBD treatment.

Métricas de los artículos publicados en la revista científica Finlay, 2011-2022 / Metrics of the articles published in the Finlay journal, 2011-2022

RESUMEN Objetivo: Caracterizar los artículos publicados en la revista científica Finlay durante el periodo 2011-2022. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, bibliométrico sobre los artículos publicados en la revista científica Finlay. El universo estuvo conformado por 525 artículos. No se aplicó técnicas de muestreo. Las variables analizadas fueron cantidad de artículos, año de publicación, cantidad y procedencia de los autores, tipo, temática central de los artículos, tipo de estudios, cantidad de referencias y referencias con cinco años de antigüedad, cantidad de citas por artículos y recibidas por la revista por años. Se aplicó la estadística descriptiva e indicadores bibliométricos. Resultados: Destacó el año 2021, con 60 investigaciones (11,38 %). Predominaron los artículos con tres autores (155; 29,52 %); sobresalió Cienfuegos, con 1074 autores (59,40 %), y prevalecieron los artículos originales (AO) (243; 46,28 %). El mayor índice de Price (IP) (0,80) lo presentaron las imágenes en la medicina (IM). Dentro de los AO, sobresalieron las investigaciones con metodología de enfoque observacional-descriptivo (225 artículos publicados, equivalente a un 92,59 % respecto al total de AO). Destacaron investigaciones relacionadas con enfermedades cardiovasculares (116; 22,09 %). Se recibieron 4870 citas, con predominio del año 2017, con un número de citas corregidas (NCC) de 38,3; mientras que, en el año 2020, hubo 3,27 de factor de impacto (FI). Conclusiones: La revista Finlay constituye un órgano científico para la difusión de resultados investigativos con amplios logros y experiencias en la gestión editorial. Su crecimiento ha sido exponencial en cuanto a la cantidad de artículos publicados, con predominio en el año 2021. En sus números se recogen investigaciones que muestran la colaboración entre autores tanto nacionales como extranjeros, y en donde se resalta los resultados de los investigadores del territorio. Al respecto, las temáticas son referentes a problemas de salud que se recogen en los programas de salud prioritarios para el sector, fundamentados en investigaciones originales en mayor medida, y aparejado a un crecimiento de las citas recibidas en especial en el 2017.

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the articles published in the Finlay journal during the period between 2011 and 2022. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, bibliometric study was carried out on the articles published in the Finlay journal. The universe consisted of 525 articles. Sampling techniques were not used. The analyzed variables were number of articles, year of publication, number of authors, origin of the authors, type of article, main theme of the articles, type of study, number of references, number of 5-year-old references, number of citations per article and number of citations received by the journal per year. A descriptive statistics and bibliometrics were used. Results: The year 2021 stood out with 60 research works (11.38 %). Articles with three authors prevailed (155; 29.52 %), Cienfuegos stood out with 1,074 authors (59.40 %) and original articles (OA) predominated (243; 46.28 %). Images in medicine (IM) had the highest Price's Index (0.80). Among the OA, research works with an observational-descriptive approach prevailed (225 published articles, which accounted for 92.59 % out of the total number of OA). Research related to cardiovascular diseases predominated (116; 22.09 %). A total of 4,870 citations were received, most of them from 2017, with a number of corrected citations (NCC) of 38.3. Meanwhile, the year 2020 had an impact factor (IF) of 3.27. Conclusions: The Finlay journal is a scientific body for the dissemination of research results with extensive achievements and experiences in editorial management. Its growth has been exponential in terms of the number of articles published, prevailing the year 2021. Its issues include research works that show the collaboration between national and foreign authors, highlighting the results of the Cienfuegos province's researchers. In this regard, the topics focus on health problems that are included in the sector's priority health programs, based on original research to a greater extent and coupled with a higher number of citations received especially in 2017.

Producción científica y gestión comunicacional de los directores de revistas científicas estudiantiles en Cuba

Introducción: Las revistas científicas constituyen las principales plataformas para la gestión y socialización del quehacer científico de los estudiantes. Recae en el papel del director desarrollar tan importante misión. Objetivo: Caracterizar la producción científica y gestión comunicacional de los directores de revistas científicas estudiantiles en Cuba. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. En el estudio se incluyeron los 11 directores que accedieron a responder la encuesta aplicada. Se analizaron variables referentes a las características generales de los directores, a su producción científica y gestión comunicacional, y sobre el nivel de conocimiento en materias de investigación. Se aplicó la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Predominaron el sexo masculino (54 %) y las edades de 21, 22 y 23 años (n = 3). El 91 % de los directores fueron estudiantes de medicina (n = 10) y el 54 % cursaban el cuarto año. Predominaron los directores con 1 a 5 artículos publicados en cada una de los aspectos analizados. Solo 5 se desempeñaron como miembros del equipo editorial en otras revistas. Destacó la Red Google Scholar (8; 72,7 %). Solo 7 (63,6 %) tenía conocimiento de su índice h y el de la revista. La mayoría de los directores contaba con conocimiento o habían recibido cursos de preparación. Conclusiones: La producción científica y gestión comunicacional de los directores se muestra influenciada por las tendencias actuales en la esfera científico-investigativa. Pertenecer al comité editorial de una revista científica, principalmente llevar el rol de director, tiene un efecto positivo en los estudiantes.

Introduction: Scientific journals are the main platforms for managing and socializing the students' scientific work. It is the role of the editor-in-chief to develop such an important mission. Objective: To characterize the scientific production and communicational management of student journal editors-in-chief in Cuba. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. The study included the 11 editors-in-chief who agreed to answer the applied survey. Several variables were analyzed, respectively referring to the general characteristics of the editors-in-chief, their scientific production and communicational management, as well as their level of knowledge in research matters. Descriptive statistics were applied. Results: The male sex (54 %) and the ages of 21, 22 and 23 years (n = 3) predominated. 91 % of the editors-in-chief were medical students (n = 10) and 54 % were in their fourth academic year. Editors-in-chief with 1 to 5 published articles in each of the aspects analyzed predominated. Only 5 served as members of the editorial team with other journals. The Google Scholar Network stood out (8; 72.7%). Only 7 (63.6 %) were aware of their h-index and that of the journal. Most of the editors-in-chief had knowledge or had received training courses. Conclusions: The scientific production and communicational management of the editors-in-chief is influenced by current trends in the scientific-research sphere. Belonging to the editorial board of a scientific journal, mainly in the role of an editor-in-chief, has a positive effect on students.

Grupo Científico Estudiantil Tecnología y Ciencia. Experiencias en la divulgación científica / Student Scientific Group Technology and Science. Experiences in scientific dissemination / Grupo Científico de Estudantes de Tecnologia e Ciências. Experiências em divulgação científica

Introducción: La divulgación científica no debe verse solo como una actividad propia del profesional de la comunicación o del periodismo. Saber divulgar una investigación científica es una forma de gestión del conocimiento adquirido. Objetivo: Describir las experiencias en la divulgación científica del Grupo Científico Estudiantil Tecnología y Ciencia. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Durante el período comprendido de octubre de 2020 a mayo de 2023 en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos, Cuba. La información se recopiló a partir del análisis de las evidencias de trabajo del Grupo Científico Estudiantil. Las experiencias se describieron teniendo en cuenta las acciones, actividades y espacios creados para el desarrollo de la divulgación científica. Resultados: El Grupo Científico Estudiantil está integrado por 14 estudiantes de las diferentes carreras de las ciencias médicas. De ellos: 7 son estudiantes de Medicina, 2 pertenecen a Estomatología, 3 a las Tecnologías de la Salud y 2 a la carrera de Enfermería. En cuanto al sexo el 57 porciento son masculinos y el 43 porciento femeninos. El trabajo sistemático con el Grupo Científico Estudiantil ha permitido avanzar considerablemente en cuanto a organización y desarrollo de eventos donde se socializan y divulgan resultados científicos, además la sostenibilidad del trabajo en equipo ha permitido que se publiquen en revistas científicas los aportes que se derivan de los resultados. Conclusiones: El trabajo del Grupo Científico Estudiantil Tecnología y Ciencia juega un papel decisivo en la comunidad universitaria, pues organiza actividades científicas y académicas en aras de incrementar el desarrollo científico estudiantil.(AU)

Introduction: Scientific dissemination should not be seen only as an activity of the communication or journalism professional. Knowing how to disseminate scientific research is a form of management of acquired knowledge. Objective: To describe the experiences in scientific dissemination of the Student Scientific Group: Technology and Science. Method: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. During the period from October 2020 to May 2023 at the University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos, Cuba. The information was compiled from the analysis of the GCE's work evidence. The experiences were described taking into account the actions, activities and spaces created for the development of scientific dissemination. Results: The GCE is madeup of 14 students from different careers in medical sciences. Of them: seven are medical students, two belong to Stomatology, three to Health Technologies, and two to the Nursing career. Regarding sex, 57percent are male and 43 percent female. The systematic work with the GCE has allowed for considerable progress in terms of organization and development of events where scientific results are socialized and disseminated, and the sustainability of team work has allowed the contributions derived from the results to be published in scientific journals. Conclusions: The work of the GCE: Technology and Science plays a decisive role in the university community, as it organizes scientific and academic activities in order to increase student scientific development.(AU)

Introdução: A divulgação científica não deve ser vista apenas como uma atividade do profissional de comunicação ou jornalismo. Saber divulgar pesquisas científicas é uma forma de gestão do conhecimento adquirido. Objetivo: Descrever as experiências de divulgação científica do Grupo Científico de Estudantes de Tecnologia e Ciências. Método: Foi realizado estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal. Durante o período de outubro de 2020 a maio de 2023 na Universidad de Cieências Médicas de Cienfuegos, Cuba. As informaçõ es foram compiladas a partir da análise das evidências de trabalho do Grupo Científico Estudantil. As experiências foram descritas levando em consideração as ações, atividades e espaços criados para o desenvolvimento da divulgação científica. Resultados: O Grupo Científico Estudantil é composto por 14 estudantes de diferentes carreiras das ciências médicas. Destes: 7 são estudantes de Medicina, 2 pertencem à Estomatologia, 3 às Tecnologias da Saúde e 2 à carreira de Enfermagem. Quanto ao sexo, 57 porcento são homens e 43 porcento mulheres. O trabalho sistemático com o Grupo Científico de Estudantes tempermitido avanços consideráveis em termos de organização e desenvolvimento de eventos onde os resultados científicos são socializados e divulgados, além disso a sustentabilidade do trabalho emequipe tem permitido que as contribuições derivadas dos estudos sejam publicadas em revistas científicas. Conclusões: A atuação do Grupo Científico de Estudantes de Tecnologia e Ciências desempenha um papel decisivo na comunidade universitária, pois organiza atividades científicas e acadêmicas com o objetivo de aumentar o desenvolvimento científico dos estudantes.(AU)

Producción científica sobre obstetricia y ginecología en revistas científicas estudiantiles cubanas (2014-2022) / The Scientific Production about Gynecology and Obstetrics in Cuban Student Journals (2014-2022)

Introducción: El desarrollo de la investigación científica en las ciencias de la salud constituye un componente medular en el sistema de asistencia médico-sanitaria que influye en los niveles de salud y la calidad de vida de la población. Objetivo: Caracterizar la producción científica sobre obstetricia y ginecología en revistas científicas estudiantiles cubanas en el período 2014-2022. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico de la producción científica anteriormente descrita, cuyo universo quedó conformado por 104 artículos publicados. No se aplicaron técnicas de muestreo y fueron evaluadas las variables: año de publicación, idioma, revistas científicas estudiantiles, cantidad de autores, institución de procedencia, temáticas abordadas, tipo de artículo y cantidad de referencias. Se aplicó la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: El año 2021 resultó el más productivo con 31 artículos (29,81 por ciento); la revista científica 16 de Abril publicó el 28,85 por ciento de estos. Existió un predominio de investigaciones con autoría múltiple, aquellos firmados por cuatro autores fueron los más destacados con el 29,81 por ciento y el 16,34 por ciento de los autores provenían de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río. Las investigaciones vinculadas al área de la obstetricia como temática central tuvieron la mayor prevalencia. Sobresalieron los artículos originales con 74 investigaciones para un 71,15 por ciento. Conclusiones: La actividad científica estudiantil en la especialidad de ginecología y obstetricia se ha visto favorecida por un crecimiento ascendente. Respaldada por la colaboración entre múltiples autores, así como por varios órganos de difusión, permiten lograr un mayor alcance e impacto, en especial mediante la publicación de investigaciones originales(AU)

Introduction: The development of scientific research in health sciences is a fundamental component within medical-healthcare systems that influences the health levels and the quality of life of the population. Objective: To characterize the scientific production on obstetrics and gynecology in Cuban student scientific journals in the period 2014-2022. Methods: A bibliometric study was carried out of the scientific production described above, the universe of which consisted of 104 published articles. No sampling techniques were applied, and the variables year of publication, language, student scientific journals, number of authors, institution of origin, addressed topics, type of article, and number of references were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were applied. Results: The year 2021 was the most productive, with 31 articles (29.81 percent); the scientific journal 16 de Abril published 28.85 percent of them. There was a predominance of research with multiple authorship; those signed by four authors were the most widely represented, accounting for 29.81 percent. 16.34 percent of the authors came from Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río. Pieces of research related to the area of obstetrics as the central topic had the highest prevalence. Original articles stood out, with 74 pieces of research, accounting for 71.15 percent. Conclusions: The student scientific activity in the specialty of gynecology and obstetrics has been favored by an upward growth. Supported by the collaboration among multiple authors, as well as by several dissemination bodies, they allow achieving greater reach and impact, especially through the publication of original pieces of research(AU)

Computation of Shear Viscosity by a Consistent Method in Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Applications to 1-Decene Oligomers.

Accurate computation of shear viscosity is fundamental for describing fluid flow and designing and developing new processes. Poly-α-olefins (PAO's), particularly from 1-decene, have been applied to a variety of industrial processes. Recently, these molecules have been applied as carbon dioxide thickeners, enhancing carbon dioxide viscosity, which is important in carbon dioxide injection, either for enhanced oil recovery or sequestration in geological formations. For these applications, knowledge of the pure oligomer viscosity is crucial to design and operate the oligomer upstream pipelines before mixing them with carbon dioxide. Using Green-Kubo formalism with equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, two methods are presented in the literature to generate the traceless, symmetric pressure tensor. In this work, we show that these two methods provide different values of shear viscosity, from the analysis of how the diagonal components of the traceless, symmetric pressure tensor are computed in each method. Then, we examine the consistency and correctness of each method: one is found to be consistent. The other is corrected by scaling the fluctuations of the diagonal components. Shear viscosities of supercritical carbon dioxide, vapor and liquid n-pentane, and liquid n-decane are computed to illustrate the analysis. We also apply the consistent method to compute the viscosity of 1-decene oligomers, including for the first time larger-than-dimer oligomers (trimer, tetramer, hexamer, and decamer).

The Evolution of Triamcinolone Acetonide Therapeutic Use in Retinal Diseases: From Off-Label Intravitreal Injection to Advanced Nano-Drug Delivery Systems.

Ophthalmic drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye has been challenging due to the complex ocular anatomy. Intravitreal injection of drugs was introduced to deliver therapeutic doses in the posterior segment. Different posterior segment diseases including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, retinal vein occlusions, uveitis, and cystoid macular edema, among others, have been historically treated with intravitreal corticosteroids injections, and more recently with intravitreal corticosteroids drug implants. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is the most frequently used intraocular synthetic corticosteroid. Using nanoparticle-based TA delivery systems has been proposed as an alternative to intravitreal injections in the treatment of posterior segment diseases. From these novel delivery systems, topical liposomes have been the most promising strategy. This review is oriented to exhibit triamcinolone acetonide drug evolution and its results in treating posterior segment diseases using diverse delivery platforms.

Uncovering new insights into the role of the ubiquitin ligase Smurf1 on the regulation of innate immune signaling and resistance to infection.

Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against infections. Innate immune cells express pattern recognition receptors in distinct cellular compartments that are responsible to detect either pathogens-associated molecules or cellular components derived from damaged cells, to trigger intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the activation of inflammatory responses. Inflammation is essential to coordinate immune cell recruitment, pathogen elimination and to keep normal tissue homeostasis. However, uncontrolled, misplaced or aberrant inflammatory responses could lead to tissue damage and drive chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity. In this context, molecular mechanisms that tightly regulate the expression of molecules required for the signaling of innate immune receptors are crucial to prevent pathological immune responses. In this review, we discuss the ubiquitination process and its importance in the regulation of innate immune signaling and inflammation. Then, we summarize the roles of Smurf1, a protein that works on ubiquitination, on the regulation of innate immune signaling and antimicrobial mechanisms, emphasizing its substrates and highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for infectious and inflammatory conditions.

Thermodiffusion of CO2 in Water by Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

The components of a fluid mixture may segregate due to the Soret effect, a coupling phenomenon in which mass flux can be induced by a thermal gradient. In this work, we evaluate systematically the thermodiffusion of the CO2-H2O mixture, and the influence of the geothermal gradient on CO2 segregation in deep saline aquifers in CO2 storage. The eHeX method, a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation approach, is judiciously selected to simulate the phenomenon. At 350 K, 400 bar, and CO2 mole fraction of 0.02 (aquifer conditions), CO2 accumulates on the cold side, and the thermal diffusion factor is close to 1 in a number of force fields. The lower the temperature, the higher is the separation and the thermal diffusion factor. In colder regions, water self-association is stronger, whereas the CO2-H2O cross-association and the CO2-CO2 interactions enhance at higher temperatures. Thermodiffusion and gravitational segregation have opposite effects on CO2 segregation. At typical subsurface conditions, the Soret effect is more pronounced than gravity segregation, and CO2 concentrates in the top (colder region). Our work sets the stage to model the effect of electrolytes on CO2 segregation in subsurface aquifers and other areas of interest.

Mecanismos fisiopatológicos de asociación entre síndrome metabólico e hipertensión arterial: una actualización

El síndrome metabólico es una asociación de varias entidades nosológicas que se agrupan bajo dicho nombre siendo las más frecuentes: hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia y la obesidad. Se propuso como objetivo argumentar los mecanismos fisiopatológicos de asociación entre el síndrome metabólico y la hipertensión arterial. Para ello se consultaron un total de 29 fuentes bibliográficas, entre ellas artículos de revistas científicas, 3 libros y otras accedidas a través de los principales gestores de la red informática. La hipertensión arterial y la dislipidemia a menudo aparecen juntas y también acompañan a la resistencia a la captación de glucosa estimulada por insulina; factores que suelen acompañar a la obesidad. Son criterios que ayudan al diagnóstico de síndrome metabólico. Los trastornos metabólicos asociados a la hipertensión arterial desempeñan un papel clave en su aparición y mantenimiento, y modifican el pronóstico a largo plazo en hipertensos y alteran la estrategia terapéutica.

Metabolic syndrome is an association of several disease entities that are grouped under this name, the most frequent being: arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and obesity. The objective was to argue the pathophysiological mechanisms of association between the metabolic syndrome and arterial hypertension. For this, a total of 29 bibliographic sources were consulted, including articles from scientific journals, 3 books and others accessed through the main managers of the computer network. Hypertension and dyslipidemia often occur together and also accompany resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake; factors that often accompany obesity. These are criteria that help diagnose metabolic syndrome. The metabolic disorders associated with arterial hypertension play a key role in its appearance and maintenance, and modify the long-term prognosis in hypertensive patients and alter the therapeutic strategy.

Classic Versus Congruent-Arc Latarjet Procedures.

Glenohumeral instability remains a frequent pathology, specifically in athletes and active patients. As such, several treatment options have been described. In the setting of significant glenoid bone loss (i.e., >20%), off-track Hill-Sachs lesions, and failed previous soft-tissue-based repairs, glenoid bone-augmentation techniques must be considered. These techniques restore stability by a triple blocking effect of the bony graft, the capsulolabral complex repair, and the dynamic sling effect of the conjoined tendon. The classic Latarjet procedure consists in performing a coracoid osteotomy along with the conjoined tendon attachment followed by transfer and fixation to the anterior glenoid, positioning the lateral surface of the coracoid to be flush with the articular side. Then, a modification of this technique defined as "congruent-arc Latarjet" (CAL) was described. This approach involves rotating the coracoid process 90° along its longitudinal axis using the inferior surface to recreate the native glenoid arc. Biomechanical studies have discussed advantages and disadvantages of these techniques. The CAL allows a greater glenoid surface area, which may be relevant in patients with increased glenoid bone loss. However, the bone contact area is reduced, which increases the technical difficulty of screw positioning with an increased risk of graft fragmentation. The classic Latarjet technique has a greater initial fixation strength between the graft and the glenoid and a greater potential for bone consolidation due to the broader contact bone area. Excellent clinical and sports outcomes with low recurrence rates have been observed in both techniques. Imaging findings have exhibited high bone block healing and no difference in graft placement, but CAL demonstrated a greater incidence of fibrous or nonunion rates and errors in screw fixation. Finally, while similar early complications have been reported, long-term outcomes are still needed in CAL for comparing osteoarthritis progression. These results emphasize that either technique can be considered to manage glenohumeral instability when appropriately indicated.

Preformulation studies for the development of a microemulsion formulation from Ambrosia peruviana All, with anti-inflammatory effect

Abstract Natural products are considered an important source of the therapeutic arsenal currently available. Among these alternatives are the seeds of Ambrosia peruviana (altamisa), whose extract has shown an anti-inflammatory effect. The main objective of this work was to perform a preformulation study of Ambrosia peruviana seeds ethanolic extract, where the main factors that affect the physical, chemical, and pharmacological stability of the extract were evaluated, as well as a compatibility study by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis against different excipients. A dry extract was obtained by rotary evaporation of the seeds macerated with 96% ethanol. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by measuring its effect on NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, stimulated with LPS. The results showed that the dry extract maintained its stability over time when stored at a temperature of 4 and 25ºC, demonstrating its biological activity, the content of phenolic compounds, and its physicochemical parameters remain practically invariable. However, when exposed to high temperatures (60 ºC) it was affected. The thermal analysis revelated that the behavior of most of the selected excipients and the dry extract was maintained, which indicates that it did not present incompatibilities, therefore they can be candidates for formulating a microemulsion.

Métricas de los artículos sobre temas del programa de la especialidad de anestesiología y reanimación publicados en revistas científicas estudiantiles cubanas / The Metrics of Articles about Topics Related to the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Specialty Program Published in Cuban Student Scientific Journals

Introducción: Las revistas científicas estudiantiles en Cuba potencian la investigación científica en el pregrado, su incremento ha planteado la necesidad de utilizar la bibliometría para analizar la producción sobre un área en específico. Objetivo: Describir algunas métricas de los artículos sobre temas relacionados con el programa de la especialidad de anestesiología y reanimación en revistas científicas estudiantiles cubanas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico de diseño observacional, descriptivo en artículos publicados en revistas científicas estudiantiles cubanas en el período comprendido de enero de 2018 a diciembre de 2022, en sus números regulares. Se analizaron 11 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Resultados: De los 11 artículos analizados, un 45,45 % fueron publicados en el año 2022, la mayoría en la revista Universidad Médica Pinareña. Predominó la autoría múltiple (63,64 %), la redacción en idioma español (100 %) y la tipología de artículo original (81,82 %). El sexo masculino se destacó en el primer autor (81,82 %) y la procedencia de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río (63,64 %). El promedio del índice de Price fue 0,72; la revista Universidad Médica Pinareña reportó el mayor valor. El mayor número de citas en un artículo fue 4. Conclusiones: El estudio muestra que las publicaciones de investigaciones sobre temas relacionados con el programa de la especialidad de Anestesiología y Reanimación en revistas científicas estudiantiles, y otras variables bibliométricas, son favorables.

Introduction: Student scientific journals in Cuba foster undergraduate scientific research; their increase has raised the need to use bibliometrics to analyze the production on a specific area. Objective: To describe some metrics of articles on topics related to the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation specialty program Cuban student scientific journals. Methods: A bibliometric study of observational and descriptive design was carried out on articles published in Cuban student scientific journals in the period from January 2018 to December 2022, in their regular issues. Eleven articles that met the selection criteria were analyzed. Results: Eleven articles were analyzed, 45.45 % of which were published in the year 2022, while most of them were published in Universidad Médica Pinareña journal. Multiple authorship predominated (63.64 %), together with writing in Spanish (100 %) and the original article typology (81.82 %). The first author was mostly male (81.82 %) and the most represented origin was Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río (63.64 %). The average Price index was 0.72; Universidad Médica Pinareña journal reported the highest value. The highest number of citations in an article was 4. Conclusions: The publication of topics related to the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation specialty program in Cuban student scientific journals is increasing. The typology preferred by authors is the original article, while there is a tendency towards multiple authorship.

Fractura de Tillaux en adultos. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía / Tillaux fracture in adults. Case report and literature review

Introducción: La fractura de la región anterolateral de la epífisis distal de la tibia, o tubérculo de Tillaux-Chaput, es conocida como fractura de Tillaux. Se trata de una fractura extremadamente rara en los adultos, pero tiene una importancia fundamental, porque compromete la superficie articular tibio-astragalina, la estabilidad de la sindesmosis y, en algunos casos, la incisura peronea. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 45 años con un traumatismo rotatorio del tobillo izquierdo e impotencia funcional y dolor en la región anterolateral del tobillo. Las radiografías generaron la sospecha de un trazo de fractura correspondiente al tubérculo de Tillaux-Chaput. Por lo tanto, se realizó una tomografía computarizada que confirmó una fractura de Tillaux, que tenía un desplazamiento >2 mm y compromiso de la incisura peronea. La paciente fue sometida a reducción abierta y fijación interna. La fractura consolidó a los 3 meses. Al año de la cirugía, su estado clínico y funcional es excelente. Conclusión: La sospecha diagnóstica que surge de una completa anamnesis y un meticuloso examen físico, y la confirmación mediante estudios por imágenes son esenciales para abordar correctamente patrones de fracturas raros, como la fractura de Tillaux. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Introduction: The fracture of the anterolateral region of the distal tibial epiphysis, or Tillaux-Chaput tubercle, is known as Tillaux fracture. It is an exceptional entity in adults, but it has significant importance because it affects the tibiotalar joint surface, the stability of the syndesmosis, and, in some cases, the fibular notch. We present the case of a 45-year-old woman treated in the Emergency Service due to rotational trauma to the left ankle and functional impairment and pain in the anterolateral region of the ankle. The radiographs led to the suspicion of a fracture line corresponding to the Tillaux-Chaput tubercle. Therefore, a CT scan was performed, which confirmed a Tillaux fracture with a >2 mm displacement and involvement of the fibular notch. The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation. The fracture consolidated after 3 months. One year after surgery, her clinical and functional status was excellent. Conclusion:Diagnostic suspicion through meticulous physical examination and anamnesis and confirmation by imaging studies are essential for the proper management of rare fracture patterns, such as Tillaux fractures. Level of Evidence: IV

Producción científica en la primera jornada virtual CovidCien2021 sobre COVID-19 / Scientific production in the first virtual conference CovidCien2021 on COVID-19

Fundamento: la implicación de los estudiantes de las ciencias médicas en múltiples tareas, unido a un mayor conocimiento sobre la COVID-19 a partir de publicaciones, sentaron las bases para el lanzamiento y desarrollo de la primera jornada científica virtual sobre COVID-19, proyectada como un espacio para el desarrollo del pensamiento científico. Objetivo: caracterizar la producción científica de la primera jornada científica virtual CovidCien2021 sobre COVID-19. Métodos: se realizó un estudio bibliométrico, retrospectivo, de corte trasversal durante el mes de febrero de 2022 en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos. El universo se conformó por los trabajos aceptados (143). Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, inducción-deducción y análisis síntesis; empíricos: análisis documental. Resultados: destacaron los trabajos con tres autores para un total de 50 presentaciones equivalentes al 28,73 %. La provincia de Cienfuegos presentó la mayor cantidad de participantes (195; 32,9 %). Hubo predominio de las investigaciones estudiantiles (132; 75,9 %) y las revisiones bibliográficas (88; 66,7%). Sobresalió la categoría de mención dentro de las premiaciones (19 trabajos; 41,3 %). Conclusiones: la actividad científica de la mencionada jornada estuvo encaminada a la presentación de trabajos científicos de gran impacto, los que sentaron las bases para futuras investigaciones con resultados significativos relacionados con temas generales y específicos sobre la COVID-19, y el incremento de proyectos investigativos, donde se aprecie un ascenso en la participación estudiantil.

Background: the involvement of medical science students in multiple tasks, together with a greater knowledge about COVID-19 from publications, laid the foundations for the launching and development of the first virtual scientific conference on COVID-19, projected as a space for the development of scientific thought. Objective: to characterize the scientific production of the first virtual scientific conference CovidCien2021 on COVID-19. Methods: a retrospective, bibliometric, cross-sectional study was carried out during the month of February 2022 at Cienfuegos University of Medical Sciences. The universe was made up of the accepted papers (143). Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, induction-deduction and analysis synthesis; empirical: documentary analysis. Results: the works with three authors stood out for a total of 50 presentations equivalent to 28.73%. The province of Cienfuegos presented the largest number of participants (195; 32.9%). There was a predominance of student research (132; 75.9%) and bibliographic reviews (88; 66.7%). The category of mention within the awards stood out (19 works; 41.3%). Conclusions: the scientific activity of the aforementioned conference was aimed at the presentation of scientific works of great impact, which laid the foundations for future research with significant results related to general and specific topics on COVID-19, and the increase in research projects., where an increase in student participation is observed.

Composition of Slow-Growing Male Chicken's Meat and Bone Quality as Affected by Dietary Moringa oleifera Lam. Meal.

This study investigated the impact of Moringa oleifera Lam. meal (MOM) on meat nutritional properties and bone quality of slow-growing layer-type male chickens raised in semi-intensive conditions. A total of 198, 72-d-old Dominant Blue D 107 male chickens, with an average weight of 1093 ± 15.2 g, were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments supplemented with 0, 3, and 6% of MOM that corresponded to T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Each treatment, consisting of six replicated floor pens of 11 birds, had access to the outdoors for 49 days. The results showed that breast muscle ash percentage was significantly greater (P ≤ 0.05) in T2 in comparison to the T1 group. Meat dry matter, protein, and fat content were not influenced by the treatments (P > 0.05). Regardless of the treatments, oleic acid (C18:1N9C) was numerically more abundant in the breast than in the leg muscle. Alternatively, femoral and tibial lengths were shorter (P ≤ 0.05) in birds fed 3% MOM than the two other groups. Moreover, birds fed with MOM had greater tibial diameter (P ≤ 0.05) than those that were fed without MOM. In addition, bone ash content and phosphorous amount were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in birds fed 6% MOM compared to those fed without MOM. The data of this study indicate that up to 6% of MOM may be added to the diet of slow-growing layer-type male chickens raised with outdoor access under tropical conditions to improve bone quality traits.

Caracterización de investigaciones originales presentadas en la Primera Jornada Científica Nacional sobre COVID-19, CovidCien2021

Fundamento: las investigaciones originales representan la culminación de un proceso investigativo; ponen a prueba todas las capacidades del equipo investigador, desde la detección del problema y la conducción del estudio hasta la interpretación de los resultados y las propuestas de solución del problema. Objetivo: caracterizar las investigaciones originales presentadas en la Primera Jornada Científica Nacional sobre COVID-19, CovidCien2021. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte trasversal. Se incluyeron 57 trabajos presentados al evento. Variables: cantidad de investigaciones originales presentadas, de investigaciones estudiantiles o investigaciones profesionales, tipo de estudio, tipo de investigación, errores metodológicos más comunes, cantidad de autores. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva para el procesamiento y análisis de los resultados. Resultados: se presentaron 57 temas libres (32,6 %). Sobresalieron las investigaciones pertenecientes a estudiantes (32; 56,1 %). Destacaron las investigaciones de estudios observacionales descriptivos (50; 87,7 %) y las cuantitativas (50; 87,7 %). Prevalecieron los trabajos con cuatro y cinco autores (14; 24,6 %). Se observaron dificultades tales como ausencia del objetivo de la investigación y errores en la metodología que imposibilitan su reproducción. Conclusiones: las investigaciones observacionales descriptivas, en su mayoría cuantitativas, aportan elementos generales y particulares de un problema. Persiste la necesidad de educar en las buenas prácticas metodológicas a las futuras generaciones, para lograr una ciencia de calidad y excelencia.

Background: original investigations represent the fulfillment of a research process; it test all the research team's abilities, from detecting the problem and conducting the study to interpreting the results and proposing solutions to the problem. Objective: to characterize the original research presented at the COVID-19 First National Scientific Conference, CovidCien2021. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. 57 papers presented at the event were included. Variables: number of original researches presented, student investigations or professional investigations, type of study, type of research, most common methodological errors, number of authors. Descriptive statistics were used for processing and analysis of the results. Results: 57 free topics were presented (32.6%). Research belonging to students stood out (32; 56.1%). Descriptive observational studies (50; 87.7%) and quantitative studies (50; 87.7%) stood out. Papers with four and five authors prevailed (14; 24.6%). Difficulties such as the absence of the research objective and errors in the methodology that make its reproduction impossible were observed. Conclusions: descriptive observational researches, mostly quantitative, provide general and particular elements of a problem. There is a need to educate future generations in good methodological practices, in order to achieve science of quality and excellence.