Veno-arterial ECMO ventricular assistance as a direct bridge to heart transplant: A single center experience in a low-middle income country.

INTRODUCTION: The use of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) as a direct bridge to heart transplantation (BTT) is not common in adults worldwide. BTT with ECMO is associated with increased early/mid-term mortality compared with other interventions. In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), where no other type of short-term mechanical circulatory support is available, its use is widespread and increasingly used as rescue therapy in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) as a direct bridge to heart transplantation (HT). OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcomes of adult patients using VA-ECMO as a direct BTT in an LMIC and compare them with international registries. METHODS: We conducted a single-center study analyzing consecutive adult patients requiring VA-ECMO as BTT due to refractory CS or cardiac arrest (CA) in a cardiovascular center in Argentina between January 2014 and December 2022. Survival and adverse clinical events after VA-ECMO implantation were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 86 VA-ECMO, 22 (25.5%) were implanted as initial BTT strategy, and 52.1% of them underwent HT. Mean age was 46 years (SD 12); 59% were male. ECMO was indicated in 81% for CS, and the most common underlying condition was coronary artery disease (31.8%). Overall, in-hospital mortality for VA-ECMO as BTT was 50%. Survival to discharge was 83% in those who underwent HT and 10% in those who did not, p < .001. In those who did not undergo HT, the main cause of death was hemorrhagic complications (44%), followed by thrombotic complications (33%). The median duration of VA-ECMO was 6 days (IQR 3-16). There were no differences in the number of days on ECMO between those who received a transplant and those who did not. In the Spanish registry, in-hospital survival after HT was 66.7%; the United Network of Organ Sharing registry estimated post-transplant survival at 73.1% ± 4.4%, and in the French national registry 1-year posttransplant survival was 70% in the VA-ECMO group. CONCLUSIONS: In adult patients with cardiogenic shock, VA-ECMO as a direct BTT allowed successful HT in half of the patients. HT provided a survival benefit in listed patients on VA-ECMO. We present a single center experience with results comparable to those of international registries.

Static and dynamic magnetic properties of circular and square cobalt nanodots in hexagonal cells.

In this work we performed a detailed numerical analysis to investigate the static and dynamic magnetic properties of hexagonal cells of square and circular cobalt nanodots as a function of the distance between them and the external magnetic field to which they are subjected. By simulating hysteresis curves with the external magnetic field applied parallel and perpendicular to the plane of these nanostructures, we can conclude that the cobalt nanodots presented a significant perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We also obtained that the coercivity increases with decreasing volume, which implies that the circular dots have a higher coercivity than the square dots. Furthermore, we studied the dynamic susceptibility of these systems and found that it is possible to control both the position and the number of resonance peaks by controlling the geometry and the distance between the magnetic nanodots. This work provides useful information on the behaviour of cobalt nanodot arrays, opening paths for the design and improvement of two-dimensional technological devices.

Dose dependence of susceptibility and transmission for an Argentinean West Nile virus strain in local Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae).

BACKGROUND: West Nile virus (WNV) activity has been documented in the central region of Argentina since 2005, but its maintenance network has not been elucidated yet. METHODS: We evaluated the susceptibility to WNV oral infection and transmission in a Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus mosquito population by means of a dose-dependent vector competence assay. Mosquitoes were orally infected with five different viral loads and evaluated for viral infection, dissemination and transmission. RESULTS: The evaluated population was susceptible to WNV oral infection. Disseminated infections were detected in all the viral doses but transmission was only detected in the higher doses (6 and 7 log10 plaque-forming units/ml). A linear relationship between doses and transmission rates could be established. CONCLUSIONS: A minimum transmission threshold suggests that the Cu. p. quinquefasciatus from Argentina could acquire WNV infection from local urban birds and transmit the virus.

Application of target repositioning and in silico screening to exploit fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) from Echinococcus multilocularis as possible drug targets.

Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are small intracellular proteins that reversibly bind fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands. In cestodes, due to their inability to synthesise fatty acids and cholesterol de novo, FABPs, together with other lipid binding proteins, have been proposed as essential, involved in the trafficking and delivery of such lipophilic metabolites. Pharmacological agents that modify specific parasite FABP function may provide control of lipid signalling pathways, inflammatory responses and metabolic regulation that could be of crucial importance for the parasite development and survival. Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus are, respectively, the causative agents of alveolar and cystic echinococcosis (or hydatidosis). These diseases are included in the World Health Organization's list of priority neglected tropical diseases. Here, we explore the potential of FABPs from cestodes as drug targets. To this end, we have applied a target repurposing approach to identify novel inhibitors of Echinococcus spp. FABPs. An ensemble of computational models was developed and applied in a virtual screening campaign of DrugBank library. 21 hits belonging to the applicability domain of the ensemble models were identified, and 3 of the hits were assayed against purified E. multilocularis FABP, experimentally confirming the model's predictions. Noteworthy, this is to our best knowledge the first report on isolation and purification of such four FABP, for which initial structural and functional characterization is reported here.

Células-tronco mesenquimais de origem adiposa na fase de proliferação do processo de cicatrização de queimaduras frias / Adipose-derived stem cells in the proliferation phase of the healing process in cold burns

A criocirurgia tem sido utilizada no tratamento de diferentes enfermidades de sistemas e órgãos. Contudo, são relatados efeitos adversos, como cicatrização lenta, cicatrizes extensas, disfunção estética e funcional. As lesões que ocorrem naturalmente pela exposição ao frio extremo, comumente, resultam em gangrena. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência das células-tronco mesenquimais de origem adiposa (ADSCs) na fase de proliferação da cicatrização de feridas cutâneas. Por meio da aplicação do nitrogênio líquido pela técnica do spray aberto, realizou-se a indução de uma ferida, de aproximadamente 15mm de diâmetro, na região dorsal de cada rato. A ferida recebeu o tratamento de acordo com o grupo ao qual pertencia: 1) aplicação das ADSCs no 15º dia (grupo tratado); 2) aplicação da solução cloreto de sódio 0,9% no 15º dia (grupo sham); 3) nenhuma intervenção até o momento da eutanásia (grupo controle). O grupo tratado com as ADSCs apresentou as maiores taxas de contração média das feridas e obteve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao grupo sham quanto à neovascularização. A terapia com as ADSCs proporcionou uma relevante evolução clínica das feridas, podendo ser constatada ao final do período de avaliação por cicatrizes mais estreitas e compridas.(AU)

Cryosurgery has been used to treat different diseases of systems and organs, although adverse effects have been reported such as delayed wound healing, large scars, esthetical deformation and functional impairment. Injuries caused naturally by the exposure to extreme cold weather conditions mostly result in gangrene. This study aims to evaluate the influence of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the proliferation phase on cutaneous wound healing. Through the application of liquid nitrogen by the spraying technique, a 15 millimeter diameter lesion was produced in the dorsal region of each rat. The wound received treatment according to the group it belonged: 1) ADSCs application on the 15th day (treated group); 2) application of 0.9% sodium chloride solution on the 15th day (sham group); 3) no intervention until euthanasia (control group). The group treated with ADSCs showed the highest wound average contraction rate; this group got a significant statistical difference in relation to the sham group when it refers to neovascularization. The ADSCs therapy provides an important clinical evolution of wounds. This was verified at the end of the evaluation period through narrower and longer scars.(AU)

Células-tronco mesenquimais de origem adiposa na fase de proliferação do processo de cicatrização de queimaduras frias / Adipose-derived stem cells in the proliferation phase of the healing process in cold burns

A criocirurgia tem sido utilizada no tratamento de diferentes enfermidades de sistemas e órgãos. Contudo, são relatados efeitos adversos, como cicatrização lenta, cicatrizes extensas, disfunção estética e funcional. As lesões que ocorrem naturalmente pela exposição ao frio extremo, comumente, resultam em gangrena. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência das células-tronco mesenquimais de origem adiposa (ADSCs) na fase de proliferação da cicatrização de feridas cutâneas. Por meio da aplicação do nitrogênio líquido pela técnica do spray aberto, realizou-se a indução de uma ferida, de aproximadamente 15mm de diâmetro, na região dorsal de cada rato. A ferida recebeu o tratamento de acordo com o grupo ao qual pertencia: 1) aplicação das ADSCs no 15º dia (grupo tratado); 2) aplicação da solução cloreto de sódio 0,9% no 15º dia (grupo sham); 3) nenhuma intervenção até o momento da eutanásia (grupo controle). O grupo tratado com as ADSCs apresentou as maiores taxas de contração média das feridas e obteve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao grupo sham quanto à neovascularização. A terapia com as ADSCs proporcionou uma relevante evolução clínica das feridas, podendo ser constatada ao final do período de avaliação por cicatrizes mais estreitas e compridas.(AU)

Cryosurgery has been used to treat different diseases of systems and organs, although adverse effects have been reported such as delayed wound healing, large scars, esthetical deformation and functional impairment. Injuries caused naturally by the exposure to extreme cold weather conditions mostly result in gangrene. This study aims to evaluate the influence of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the proliferation phase on cutaneous wound healing. Through the application of liquid nitrogen by the spraying technique, a 15 millimeter diameter lesion was produced in the dorsal region of each rat. The wound received treatment according to the group it belonged: 1) ADSCs application on the 15th day (treated group); 2) application of 0.9% sodium chloride solution on the 15th day (sham group); 3) no intervention until euthanasia (control group). The group treated with ADSCs showed the highest wound average contraction rate; this group got a significant statistical difference in relation to the sham group when it refers to neovascularization. The ADSCs therapy provides an important clinical evolution of wounds. This was verified at the end of the evaluation period through narrower and longer scars.(AU)

Mercury in Populations of River Dolphins of the Amazon and Orinoco Basins.

In the Amazon and Orinoco basins, mercury has been released from artisanal and industrial gold mining since the Colonial time, as well as a result of deforestation and burning of primary forest, that release natural deposits of methyl mercury, affecting the local aquatic vertebrate fauna. This study reports the presence of mercury in river dolphins' genera Inia and Sotalia. Mercury concentrations were analysed in muscle tissue samples collected from 46 individuals at the Arauca and Orinoco Rivers (Colombia), the Amazon River (Colombia), a tributary of the Itenez River (Bolivia) and from the Tapajos River (Brazil). Ranges of total mercury (Hg) concentration in muscle tissue of the four different taxa sampled were: I. geoffrensis humboldtiana 0.003-3.99 mg kg-1 ww (n = 21, Me = 0.4), I. g. geoffrensis 0.1-2.6 mg kg-1 ww (n = 15, Me = 0.55), I. boliviensis 0.03-0.4 mg kg-1 ww (n = 8, Me = 0.1) and S. fluviatilis 0.1-0.87 mg kg-1 ww (n = 2, Me = 0.5). The highest Hg concentration in our study was obtained at the Orinoco basin, recorded from a juvenile male of I. g. humboldtiana (3.99 mg kg-1 ww). At the Amazon basin, higher concentrations of mercury were recorded in the Tapajos River (Brazil) from an adult male of I. g. geoffrensis (2.6 mg kg-1 ww) and the Amazon River from an adult female of S. fluviatilis (0.87 mg kg-1 ww). Our data support the presence of total Hg in river dolphins distributed across the evaluated basins, evidencing the role of these cetaceans as sentinel species and bioindicators of the presence of this heavy metal in natural aquatic environments.

Effectiveness of In-office Hydrogen Peroxide With Two Different Protocols: A Two-center Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the bleaching efficacy and tooth sensitivity (TS) of a 38% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent used for in-office bleaching, applied under different time protocols: a 40-minute application or two 20-minute applications. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Forty-four patients from Brazil and Colombia, with right superior canines darker than C2, were selected for this multicenter, single-blind, randomized trial. The teeth were bleached in two sessions, with a one-week interval between them, in a split-mouth design. The bleaching agent was applied in two 20-minute (2×20) applications or one 40-minute (1×40) application in each session according to the manufacturer's instructions. The color changes were evaluated by using subjective (Vita Classical and Vita Bleachedguide) and objective (Easyshade Spectrophotometer) methods at baseline and 30 days after the second session. Tooth sensitivity was recorded up to 48 hours with a 0-10 visual analog scale. Also, the pH values during the application of bleaching were recorded. Color change in shade guide units and ΔE were analyzed by using the Student t-test (α=0.05). The absolute risk and intensity of TS were evaluated with the McNemar test, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and the Friedman test, respectively (α= 0.05). RESULTS: Significant whitening was observed in both groups after 30 days of clinical evaluation. The use of a 40-minute application did not significantly influence the absolute risk of TS (68%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 53-80) as well as the intensity of TS compared with the acid bleaching gel (absolute risk of 82%, 95% CI = 68-91). The pH values did not differ significantly between groups and at the different assessment periods ( p=0.42). CONCLUSION: The use of a 40-minute in-office bleaching agent gel application produced the same whitening degree and TS that the two 20-minute bleaching agent applications did. The former preferably should be applied because one 40-minute application does not require gel refreshing.

Eficacia de la Ecografia preoperatoria para orientar la cánula de colecistoscopia. Estudio en cerdos / Preoperative sonography eficacy for cholecystoscopy cannula orientaton, evaluaton on pigs

Antecedentes: la colecistoesclerosis colecistoscópica es un procedimiento de sesión única en etapa de perfeccionamiento, diseñado para lograr la eliminación definitiva de la vesícula biliar con anestesia locorregional. Comprende la remoción de litos y eliminación de epitelio vesicular vía colecistoscópica, para lo cual requiere la colocación de una cánula de colecistoscopia desde la pared abdominal hasta el fondo vesicular. Objetivo: evaluar si la Ecografia preoperatoria es eficaz para definir el lugar donde debe realizarse el ojal de pared, para que permita a la cánula llegar al fondo vesicular, de manera que el eje de la cánula y el eje de la vesícula coincidan, y que el acceso de instrumental a la luz vesicular sea fuido. Material y métodos: se planificó utlizar Ecografia preoperatoria en una serie de operaciones en cerdos, para definir la posición de la vesícula con respecto a las tres dimensiones del espacio, y prolongar en forma virtual el eje del órgano hacia la pared abdominal e identificar el lugar adecuado para confeccionar el ojal de pared. Resultados: se realizó una serie de 5 operaciones de acuerdo con lo planificado; se logró acceder rápidamente con la cánula de colecistoscopia al fondo vesicular y se constató que el eje de la cánula y el eje de la vesícula coincidieron en todos los casos. Conclusiones: la experiencia ofrece un frme indicio de que la Ecografia preoperatoria es muy eficaz para definir el lugar adecuado en la pared abdominal para colocar la cánula de colecistoscopia.

Background: the Cholecystoscopic Cholecystosclerosis is a single session procedure, under enhancing process, which pursues a definitive Gallbladder eliminaton by means of stone removal and mucous membrane ablaton through Operatory Cholecystoscopy, under local-regional anesthesia, and requires the inserton of a Cholecistoscopy Cannula from the abdominal wall toward the gallbladder fundus. Objective: to assess the efectiveness of the Preoperative Sonography when it comes to finding the right place for the Cholecystoscopy Cannula inserton. It is important to achieve the Cholecystoscopy Cannula being introduced in a way that its axis matiches the Gallbladder´s axis, in order to provide a suitable passage for instruments between the Cannula and the Gallbladder´s lumen. Material and Method: preoperative sonography was planned to be performed in a series of surgical interventons on pigs, in order to determine the positon of the gallbladder in its three spatal dimen-sions, allowing a virtual projecton of the organ´s axis toward the abdominal wall, thus pointing to the most suitable place for the Cholecystoscopy Cannula inserton. Results: fve procedures were performed as planned, the Cholecystoscopy Cannula rapidly reached the gallbladder fundus and coincidence between cannula axis and gallbladder axis was achieved in all the cases. Conclusions: preoperative sonography seems to be very eficient for choosing the right place for Cholecystoscopy Cannula inserton accordingly to this experience.

A decade of land use contributes to changes in the chemistry, biochemistry and bacterial community structures of soils in the Cerrado.

The bacterial community structures (BCSs) of Cerrado soils cultivated under conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage (NT) and under native Cerrado (NC) vegetation were evaluated using PCR/DGGE of bacterial 16S rRNA (rrs) and rpoB genes and of Pseudomonas group genes. Soil chemical analysis, microbial biomass and the enzyme activities were also evaluated and correlated with the BCS measurements. The multivariate ordinations of DGGE profiles showed differences between the BCS of the NC area and those from cultivated areas. The BCSs of the CT and NT areas also differed in all DGGE fingerprints, including changes in the profile of Pseudomonas populations, indicating that agricultural systems can also be responsible for changes within specific microbial niches, although the clearest differences were found in the rpoB profiles. The MRPP analysis demonstrated significant differences between the BCSs from different soil layers of NT areas based on all gene fingerprints and those of NC areas based on bacterial 16S rRNA and rpoB genes fingerprints. No differences were observed in the microbial fingerprints of CT samples from different depths, indicating that ploughing affected the original BCS stratification. The BCS from NC areas, based on all gene fingerprints, could be related to higher levels of soil acidity and higher amounts of MBC and of phosphatase activity. In contrast, the BCSs from cultivated areas were related to higher levels of Ca + Mg, P and K, likely as a result of a history of chemical fertilisation in these areas. The relationships between rpoB and Pseudomonas BCSs and all chemical and biochemical properties of soils were significant, according to a Mantel test (P < 0.05), indicating that the different changes in soil properties induced by soil use or management may drive the formation of the soil BCS.

Testes físico-mecânicos e físico-químicos do couro da tilápia vermelha / Physical-mechanical and physical-chemical tests of red tilapia leather

Realizaram-se testes físico-mecânicos e físico-químicos em couro de tilápia vermelha (Oreochromis spp.) a fim de testar a sua resistência. As amostras foram distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com dois tratamentos: no T1, procedeu-se à retirada do corpo-de-prova no sentido longitudinal e, no T2, à retirada do corpo-de-prova no sentido transversal. Para os testes de determinação da resistência à tração, alongamento e rasgamento progressivo, foi utilizado o dinamômetro EMIC, com velocidade de afastamento entre as cargas de 100 ± 20mm/min, em ambiente climatizado (± 23ºC e UR do ar de 50 por cento), por 24 horas. A espessura do couro variou de 0,61 a 0,75mm, mas não houve diferença entre os sentidos analisados. O couro apresentou maior resistência à tração no sentido transversal, 25,89N/mm², (P<0,01), comparado ao sentido longitudinal, 14,20 N/mm². O alongamento foi significativamente (P<0,05) maior no sentido longitudinal, 80,8 por cento, em relação ao transversal, 62,6 por cento. Não houve diferença para o rasgamento progressivo entre os tratamentos. O couro apresentou teor de óxido de cromo de 3,8 por cento, graxa de 15,1 por cento e pH e cifra diferencial de 3,5 e 0,5, respectivamente. Os valores nos testes de resistência e físico-químicos apresentados pelo couro indicam que ele pode ser utilizado para a confecção de vestuário e artefatos de couro em geral.(AU)

Physical-mechanical and physical-chemical tests were carried out on red tilapia leather. They were distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments: T1 = longitudinal body of proof; T2 = transversal body of proof. It was used the EMIC dynamometer for the tests of resistance to traction and elongation and the progressive tearing, with the speed of 100±20mm/min away between the charges, in an acclimatized room (±23ºC and relative humidity of 50 percent) during 24 hours. The thickness of the analyzed leathers ranged from 0.61 to 0.75mm, without differing between the analyzed ways. The leather demonstrated a higher resistance to traction in the transversal direction (25.89N/mm²) (P<0.01), when compared to the longitudinal one (14.20N/mm²). However, the elongation was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the longitudinal direction (80.8 percent) when compared to the transversal (62.6 percent). There was no significant difference for the progressive tearing between the treatments (longitudinal = 18.56N/mm; transversal = 21.90N/mm). The leather demonstrated a content of 3.8 percent of chromium oxide, 15.1 percent of grease, and pH and difference value of 3.5 and 0.5, respectively. The values in the resistance and physical-chemical tests shown by the leather indicate that it may be used for clothing and leather artifacts in general.(AU)

Testes físico-mecânicos e físico-químicos do couro da tilápia vermelha / Physical-mechanical and physical-chemical tests of red tilapia leather

Realizaram-se testes físico-mecânicos e físico-químicos em couro de tilápia vermelha (Oreochromis spp.) a fim de testar a sua resistência. As amostras foram distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com dois tratamentos: no T1, procedeu-se à retirada do corpo-de-prova no sentido longitudinal e, no T2, à retirada do corpo-de-prova no sentido transversal. Para os testes de determinação da resistência à tração, alongamento e rasgamento progressivo, foi utilizado o dinamômetro EMIC, com velocidade de afastamento entre as cargas de 100 ± 20mm/min, em ambiente climatizado (± 23ºC e UR do ar de 50 por cento), por 24 horas. A espessura do couro variou de 0,61 a 0,75mm, mas não houve diferença entre os sentidos analisados. O couro apresentou maior resistência à tração no sentido transversal, 25,89N/mm², (P<0,01), comparado ao sentido longitudinal, 14,20 N/mm². O alongamento foi significativamente (P<0,05) maior no sentido longitudinal, 80,8 por cento, em relação ao transversal, 62,6 por cento. Não houve diferença para o rasgamento progressivo entre os tratamentos. O couro apresentou teor de óxido de cromo de 3,8 por cento, graxa de 15,1 por cento e pH e cifra diferencial de 3,5 e 0,5, respectivamente. Os valores nos testes de resistência e físico-químicos apresentados pelo couro indicam que ele pode ser utilizado para a confecção de vestuário e artefatos de couro em geral.

Physical-mechanical and physical-chemical tests were carried out on red tilapia leather. They were distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments: T1 = longitudinal body of proof; T2 = transversal body of proof. It was used the EMIC dynamometer for the tests of resistance to traction and elongation and the progressive tearing, with the speed of 100±20mm/min away between the charges, in an acclimatized room (±23ºC and relative humidity of 50 percent) during 24 hours. The thickness of the analyzed leathers ranged from 0.61 to 0.75mm, without differing between the analyzed ways. The leather demonstrated a higher resistance to traction in the transversal direction (25.89N/mm²) (P<0.01), when compared to the longitudinal one (14.20N/mm²). However, the elongation was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the longitudinal direction (80.8 percent) when compared to the transversal (62.6 percent). There was no significant difference for the progressive tearing between the treatments (longitudinal = 18.56N/mm; transversal = 21.90N/mm). The leather demonstrated a content of 3.8 percent of chromium oxide, 15.1 percent of grease, and pH and difference value of 3.5 and 0.5, respectively. The values in the resistance and physical-chemical tests shown by the leather indicate that it may be used for clothing and leather artifacts in general.

Avaliação muscular isocinética da articulação do joelho em atletas das seleções brasileiras infanto e juvenil de voleibol masculino / Isokinetic muscle evaluation of the knee joint in athletes of the Under-19 and Under-21 Male Brazilian National Volleyball Team

O salto vertical é inerente à prática do voleibol e demanda grande capacidade de geração de força e trabalho da musculatura envolvida, principalmente do músculo quadríceps. Devido a esta demanda, desequilíbrios entre os músculos extensores e flexores podem estar presentes, levando à sobrecarga das estruturas musculotendíneas da articulação do joelho. Sendo assim, torna-se necessário o estabelecimento de parâmetros de função muscular relacionados a esta articulação em atletas de voleibol. Portanto o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, através de dinamometria isocinética, torque máximo, trabalho máximo, razão agonista/antagonista e índice de fadiga de flexores e extensores de joelho em duas categorias do voleibol. Os testes isocinéticos de flexão e extensão do joelho foram realizados no modo concêntrico-concêntrico, na posição sentada, nas velocidades de 60 e 300°/s em 36 atletas (20 da categoria Infanto-Juvenil e 16 da Juvenil). Os dados possibilitaram estabelecer parâmetros de função muscular da articulação do joelho em atletas das Seleções Brasileiras Infanto-Juvenil e Juvenil de Voleibol Masculino do ano de 2003. Estes atletas apresentaram valores de torque máximo e trabalho máximo normalizados pela massa corporal para quadríceps superiores às médias da população de atletas e não-atletas. Quando comparadas as categorias, os atletas juvenis apresentaram significativamente valores maiores de razão agonista/antagonista e trabalho máximo de flexores de joelhos na velocidade de 60°/s. Além disso, a razão agonista/antagonista foi inferior ao valor de referência esperado em ambas as categorias, caracterizando a predominância da musculatura extensora sobre a flexora. O índice de fadiga encontra-se próximo ao esperado para a maior parte dos atletas. O presente estudo pode servir de base para comparações em futuros estudos que avaliem a função muscular isocinética de atletas de voleibol.

The vertical jump is a basic volleyball practice that demands a high ability to generate strength and work in the muscles involved, mainly in the quadriceps muscle. Due to such demand, muscle imbalances between extensor and flexor muscles may be present, causing an overloading on the muscle-tendinous structures of the knee joint. Thus, the establishment of normal parameters for the muscle function related to that joint in volleyball athletes is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess through isokinetic dynamometry the peak torque, work peak, agonist/antagonist ratio, and fatigue index of the flexor and extensor of the knee among both volleyball athlete population. The isokinetic flexion and extension tests of the knees were performed in the concentric-concentric seat mode at 60 and 300°/sec. velocity in thirty-six athletes (20 under 19-under 21, and 16 under 21). The data allowed to set the parameters for the muscle function of the knee joint among athletes of the 2003 Under 19-Under 21 and Under 21 Brazilian National Team Selection of Male Volleyball. Athletes presented peak torque and work peak values normalized by the body mass to the upper quadriceps to the mean normal values for the athletes and non-athletes populations. Compared to other categories, the under 21 athletes presented significantly higher values for the agonist/antagonist ratio, and peak work ratio of the knee flexors at 60°/sec. velocity. Furthermore, the agonist/antagonist ratio was lower than the reference value expected for both categories, thus characterizing predominance in the extensor musculature over the flexor musculature. The fatigue index was close to what would be expected for the majority of athletes. The present study may be useful as comparison basis for future studies aiming evaluate the isokinetic muscle function in volleyball players.

El salto vertical es inherente a la práctica del voleibol y demanda la gran capacidad de generación de fuerza y trabajo de la musculatura comprendida, principalmente del músculo quadríceps. Debido a esta demanda, los desequilibrios entre los músculos extensores y flexores pueden estar presentes, sumando a ello, la carga excesiva de las estructuras músculo-tendíneas de la articulación de la rodilla. Por estos motivos resulta necesario, el establecimiento de parámetros de función muscular relacionados con esta articulación en atletas del voleibol. Por consiguiente el objetivo del estudio presente fue evaluar, a través de la dinamometria isocinética, el patrón del torque máximo, trabajo máximo, razón agonista/antagonista y el índice de fatiga de los flexores y extensores de la rodilla en dos categorías del voleibol. Los tests isocinéticos de flexión y extensión de las rodillas fueron cumplidas de la manera concéntrico-concéntrica, en la posición asiento, en las velocidades de 60 y 300°/s en 36 atletas (20 de la categoría Infanto-juvenil y 16 del juvenil). Los datos hicieron posible establecer parámetros de función muscular de la articulación de la rodilla en atletas de las Selecciones brasileñas Infanto-Juvenil y Juvenil de Voleibol Masculino del año 2003. Estos atletas presentaron los valores de torque máximo y el trabajo máximo normalizados por la masa corpórea para el quadríceps superior a los promedios de la población de los atletas y no-atletas. Cuando se compararon las categorías, los atletas juveniles presentaron valores más grandes de relación agonista/antagonista y de trabajo del máximo de flexores de rodillas significativamente en la velocidad de 60°/s. Además de esto, la relación agonista/antagonista era inferior al valor de la referencia esperado en ambas categorías, caracterizando el predominio de la musculatura extensora sobre la flexora. El índice de fatiga está cerca de lo esperado para la mayoría de los atletas. El estudio...

Estudios descriptivos de morbilidad oral y antecedentes odontológicos en pacientes infectados por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana VIH, en estadios II, III y IV pertenencias al programa de atención al Sida del hospital regional Simón Bolívar en el período comprendido entre febrero y mayo de 1992 / Descriptive studies of oral morbility and dental antecedents in patients infected by Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV, in II, III and IV stages pertaining to the Program of attention to AIDS of the Simon Bolivar Hospital, from Febrary to May, 1992

El propósito del presente estudio fue describir las alteraciones orales encontradas en pacientes VIH+ en diferentes estadios de acuerdo a las clasificaciones de OMS. Se pretendió también identificar los antecedentes odontológicos los últimos seis meses de estos pacientes. De 514 pacientes que habían asistido al programa de atención al sida del hospital Simón Bolivar hasta mayo de 1992, se avaluaron 56 en diferentes estudios. En estudios tempranos la única alteración encontrada en algunos de los pacientes fueron las linfoadenopatías. Las alteraciones en tejidos blandos fueron aparentes es estado IV, siendo las candidiasis oral la patología más observada, seguida por la leoucoplasia vellosa.El herpes simple, úlceras inespecíficas, el eritema difuso de paladar blando y el sarcoma de keposi fueron observadas en menor proporción .De 56 pacientes, 44 fueron interrogados sobre sus antecedentes odontológicos y todos los pacientes habían asistido a consulta odontológicas en los últimos 6 meses. El 40 conocía su diagnóstico y lo reportaron al odontólogo. El 20 conocía su diagnóstico y el 10 lo informaron y el 38 no conocía su diagnóstico cuando asistieron a la consulta. El 86 de los odontólogos que trataron l a los pacientes utilizaron medidas completas de bioseguridad y el 14 tomaron medidas incompletas o no las tomaron, observándose un gran impacto de la prevención al Sida en el medio odontológico.

Conjugacion de hierro con difenilhidantoinato sodico. / Iron binding with sodium diphenylhydantoinate

Se pretende demostrar la union de la difenilhidantoina (DFH) y el difenilhidantoinato sodico (DFH-Na) con hierro (59 Fe y Fe) mediante un procedimiento radiometrico y uno colorimetrico. La ciclohexanona extrae totalmente el DFH-Na y DFH desde pH 2.0 hasta pH 13.0. En amortiguador de fosfatos se disolvieron 0.1 micrograma de 59 Fe, 59 Fe (0.1 micrograma) -DFH (0.1 micrograma) y 59 Fe (0.1 micrograma) DFH (1.0 micrograma/ml). Se seleccionaron valores de pH 2.0, 7.0 y 9.0. Solamente 28 por ciento del 59 Fe se desplazo hacia la ciclohexanona (Cx) a pH 9.0; en cambio, pasaron 30.5 y 95.9 por ciento (p < 0.00l) a la Cx a pH 7.5 y 9.0 en presencia de DFH -Na utilizados, unicamente se encontraron 12 +/- 4 micrograma/ml en solucion salina glucosada (S.S.G.) y en amortiguadora de fosfatos (PO4), ajustados a pH 6.4. En S.S.G. se encontraron 1.5 y 0.67 por ciento de union; en cambio, de hierro se encontraron unidos a DFH y DFH-Na en fosfatos 0.5 y 0.7 por ciento. Mediante ambos procedimientos queda comprobada la union de Fe a DFH

Epiteliomas basocelulares: incidencia segun sexo, edad, localizacion y variantes anatomoclinicas. / Basocellular epithelioma: incidence in relation to sex, age, localization and anatomo-clinical variants

Se estudiaron los epiteliomas basocelulares vistos en un periodo de tiempo (40 meses), segun su incidencia en sexo, edad, localizacion y variantes anatomoclinicas.Se hace referencia a la clasificacion clinica e histopatologica y se describen las formas mas comunes hallados en este trabajo. Se comparan nuestros resultados con los de otros autores

Tratamiento de melanomas con tamoxifen. / Treatment of melanomas with tamoxifen

Se presentan 9 casos de melanoma tratados con Tamoxifen, solo o asociado a DTIC. En cuatro de ellos el tratamiento postquirurgico fue precaucional. Otros 4 presentaron metastasis; 2 de ellos murieron poco despues de iniciado el tratamiento; los otros 2 se hallan en remision estando en tratamiento desde hace 1 y 3 anos. En un paciente no operado, el tratamiento comenzo hace 2 anos, hallando-se actualmente en estado estacionario favorable. El tamoxifen se administro en forma permanente en dosis de 30 mg diarios. No se observaron reacciones adversas.dosis de 30 mg diarios. No se observaron dosis de 30 mg diarios. No se observaron dosis de 30 mg diarios. No se observaron reacciones adversas