El uso de la tomografia computarizada de haz volumétrico en odontologia / The use of cone beam computed tomography in dentistry

Hace algunos años que fue desarrollada una nueva tecnología en la Radiología Odontológica, denominada ?Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Volumétrico", trayendo diversas ventajas sobre los tomógrafos médicos y convencionales e implicando cambios en relación a los actuales medios de diagnóstico, ayudando en la correcta determinación de la topografía de las estructuras óseas de los maxilares y evitando distorsiones encontradas en el examen radiográfico panorámico. Hay varias especialidades que pueden ser utilizados en odontología, empleados principalmente en las áreas de cirugía Buco-maxilo-facial, patología oral, ortodoncia, periodoncia y endodoncia. Estudios recientes han demostrado la importancia de este tipo de Tomografía Computarizada para aumentar la capacidad de diagnóstico por imagen, con una potencia de mayor resolución y menos artefactos en la imagen generada. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es informar al lector acerca de la tomografía computarizada de haz de volumen, haciendo hincapié en el desarrollo de este tipo de examen adicional de imágenes de Odontología en la actualidad.

Há alguns anos, foi desenvolvida uma nova tecnologia em Radiologia Odontológica, chamado de "Tomografia computadorizada de feixe volumétrico", trazendo muitas vantagens sobre tomografia convencional e médica, o que resultou em mudanças em relação aos atuais métodos de diagnóstico, com auxílio na determinação correta das estruturas de topografia o osso do maxilar, evitando as distorções encontradas no exame radiográfico panorâmico. Existem diversas especialidades odontológicas que podem empregar esse exame de imagem, especialmente as áreas de cirurgia e traumatologia buco-maxilo-facial, patologia oral, ortodontia, periodontia e endodontia. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado a importância deste tipo de Tomografia Computadorizada para aumentar a capacidade de diagnóstico por imagem, com um poder maior de resolução e menos artefatos na imagem gerada. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é informar o leitor sobre a tomografia computadorizada de feixe volumétrico, enfatizando o desenvolvimento deste tipo de exame de imagem adicional em Odontologia hoje.

Treatment of condylar fractures: A retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate routine alterations in patients submitted to treatment of unilateral fractures of the mandibular condyle. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 30 patients of both sexes submitted to surgical and nonsurgical treatment. All patients answered an evaluation questionnaire on perception of the Oral Impact on Daily Performances (OIDP) and underwent physical and imaging examination. The following aspects were evaluated in temporo mandibular join (TMJ) physical examination: maximum mouth opening, left/right lateral movements and protrusive movements. Vertical height measurements of right and left mandibular branches were evaluated by means of orthopantomography. Lateromedial and anteroposterior displacements were measured using Hirtz's axial radiography. Evaluation of diameter of the mandibular fossa and height of the glenoid fossa were measured by hypocycloidal tomography. RESULTS: A minority (13.3%) answered the questions on OIDP positively, with a similar rate for both treatments. With regard to the vertical height variable, average vertical height was similar for both treatments. However, comparing fractured and nonfractured sides, the difference observed was statistically significant for both treatments. On the basis of the statistical results of this study, for both treatments there were no significant alterations in the maximum mouth opening variable, with an average of 43.35 mm for open treatment and 44 mm for closed treatment. CONCLUSION: In the present study there were no significant differences between open and closed treatment of unilateral fractures of the mandibular condyle.

Treatment of condylar fractures: A retrospective cohort study

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Objective: Evaluate routine alterations in patients submitted to treatment of unilateral fractures of the mandibular condyle. Patients and methods: The sample consisted of 30 patients of both sexes submitted to surgical and nonsurgical treatment. All patients answered an evaluation questionnaire on perception of the Oral Impact on Daily Performances (OIDP) and underwent physical and imaging examination. The following aspects were evaluated in temporo mandibular join (TMJ) physical examination: maximum mouth opening, left/right lateral movements and protrusive movements. Vertical height measurements of right and left mandibular branches were evaluated by means of orthopantomography. Lateromedial and anteroposterior displacements were measured using Hirtz’s axial radiography. Evaluation of diameter of the mandibular fossa and height of the glenoid fossa were measured by hypocycloidal tomography. Results: A minority (13.3%) answered the questions on OIDP positively, with a similar rate for both treatments. With regard to the vertical height variable, average vertical height was similar for both treatments.However, comparing fractured and nonfractured sides, the difference observed was statistically significant for both treatments. On the basis of the statistical results of this study, for both treatments there were no significant alterations in the maximum mouth opening variable, with an average of 43.35 mm for open treatment and 44 mm for closed treatment. Conclusion: In the present study there were no significant differences between open and closed treatmentof unilateral fractures of the mandibular condyle