Efeito do praziquantel incorporado a lipossomas nos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento dos ovos de Schistosoma mansoni / Effect of praziquantel in liposomes on Schistosoma mansoni eggs at different development stages

A esquistossomose mansônica é causada pelo trematódeo digenético intravascular Schistosoma mansoni. Para o tratamento dessa enfermidade o praziquantel (PZQ) e a oxamniquina (OXA) são os fármacos escolhidos. Noentanto, esses fármacos apresentam limitações quanto à ação e casos de resistência ou tolerância já foram relatados. Por esse motivo, são necessários os estudos de novas alternativas que visam melhorar os fármacos já existentes, como a incorporação desses em lipossomas. Este estudo verificou a ação do praziquantel incorporado a lipossomas (lip.PZQ) sobre os ovos de S. mansoni, linhagem BH em camundongos Mus musculus (Swiss-SPF). Para tanto, foram testadas quatro doses de PZQ elip.PZQ (47; 60; 250 e 300mg/kg) sendo que parte dos camundongos foi tratada após 30 dias de infecção e outra após 45 dias. A análise do o ograma mostrou que a dose lip.PZQ 300mg/kg administrada no 45º dia de infecção foi mais eficaz, pois reduziu a oviposição pelas fêmeas de S. mansoni.

Ultrasound measurement of gastric emptying time in patients with cystic fibrosis and effect of ranitidine on delayed gastric emptying.

Intestinal dysmotility is commonly reported in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF); however, gastric motor activity has rarely been investigated. We measured with real-time ultrasonography the antral distention and gastric emptying time of a solid-liquid meal in 29 patients with CF (age range, 5 to 17 years). A significantly prolonged gastric emptying time was present in 26 patients compared with 13 healthy control subjects (age range, 5 to 16 years); an exaggerated antral distention in the fed period was also detected. The patients with CF and delayed gastric emptying were randomly allocated to receive cisapride or ranitidine for 4 weeks. Twelve patients treated with ranitidine and 11 with cisapride completed the trial. There was a marked decrease in gastric emptying time, antral distention, and dyspeptic symptomatic score in patients receiving ranitidine but not in patients treated with cisapride. We conclude that gastric dysmotility is commonly detected in patients with CF and that H2 receptor blockers are more effective than prokinetics in improving dyspeptic symptoms and gastric emptying and distention.