Number processing and calculation in Brazilian children aged 7-12 years.

Numerical cognition is based on two components - number processing and calculation. Its development is influenced by biological, cognitive, educational, and cultural factors. The objectives of the present study were to: i) assess number processing and calculation in Brazilian children aged 7-12 years from public schools using the Zareki-R (Battery of neuropsychological tests for number processing and calculation in children, Revised; von Aster & Dellatolas, 2006) in order to obtain normative data for Portuguese speakers; ii) identify how environment, age, and gender influences the development of these mathematical skills; iii) investigate the construct validity of the Zareki-R by the contrast with the Arithmetic subtest of WISC-III. The sample included 172 children, both genders, divided in two groups: urban (N = 119) and rural (N = 53) assessed by the Zareki-R. Rural children presented lower scores in one aspect of number processing; children aged 7-8 years demonstrated an inferior global score than older; boys presented a superior performance in both number processing and calculation. Construct validity of Zareki-R was demonstrated by high to moderate correlations with Arithmetic subtest of WISC-III. The Zareki-R therefore is a suitable instrument to assess the development of mathematical skills, which is influenced by factors such as environment, age, and gender.

Number processing and calculation in Brazilian children aged 7-12 years

Numerical cognition is based on two components - number processing and calculation. Its development is influenced by biological, cognitive, educational, and cultural factors. The objectives of the present study were to: i) assess number processing and calculation in Brazilian children aged 7-12 years from public schools using the Zareki-R (Battery of neuropsychological tests for number processing and calculation in children, Revised; von Aster & Dellatolas, 2006) in order to obtain normative data for Portuguese speakers; ii) identify how environment, age, and gender influences the development of these mathematical skills; iii) investigate the construct validity of the Zareki-R by the contrast with the Arithmetic subtest of WISC-III. The sample included 172 children, both genders, divided in two groups: urban (N = 119) and rural (N = 53) assessed by the Zareki-R. Rural children presented lower scores in one aspect of number processing; children aged 7-8 years demonstrated an inferior global score than older; boys presented a superior performance in both number processing and calculation. Construct validity of Zareki-R was demonstrated by high to moderate correlations with Arithmetic subtest of WISC-III. The Zareki-R therefore is a suitable instrument to assess the development of mathematical skills, which is influenced by factors such as environment, age, and gender (AU)

La cognición numérica se basa en dos componentes: el procesamiento numérico y el cálculo. Su desarrollo está influenciado por factores biológicos, cognitivos, educativos, y culturales. Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: a) evaluar el procesamiento numérico y el cálculo en niños brasileños de entre 7-12 años de escuelas públicas utilizando el Zareki-R (batería de pruebas neuropsicológicas para el procesamiento numérico y el cálculo en niños, revisada por von Aster y Dellatolas, 2006) con el fin de obtener datos normativos para los hablantes de portugués, b) determinar cómo el medio ambiente, la edad y el género influyen en el desarrollo de estas habilidades matemáticas, y c) investigar la validez de constructo del Zareki-R en contraste con el subtest de Aritmética WISC-III. La muestra incluyó a 172 niños evaluados por el Zareki-R, niños de ambos sexos, divididos en dos grupos: urbano (N = 119) y rural (N = 53). Los niños de origen rural presentaron puntuaciones más bajas en un aspecto de procesamiento numérico, los niños de 7-8 años demostraron una puntuación inferior global que los mayores; los varones presentaron un rendimiento superior tanto en el procesamiento numérico como en el cálculo. La validez del constructo del Zareki-R fue demostrada por las correlaciones de alta a moderada con el subtest de Aritmética WISC-III. El Zareki-R por lo tanto, es un instrumento adecuado para evaluar el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas, que está influenciado por factores como el medio ambiente, la edad y el género (AU)

Cognitive and emotional effects of occupational stress in nursing professionals / Efeitos cognitivos e emocionais do estresse ocupacional em profissionais de enfermagem / Efectos cognitivos y emocionales del estrés ocupacional en profesionales de enfermería

OBJECTIVE: Investigating the indicators of stress, anxiety, depression and the cognitive changes in members of the nursing team at Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Assis SP. METHODS: 66 nursing professionals participated in the study, evaluated by psychological and cognitive tracking instruments. RESULTS: The stress experience was not homogenous in the nursing team; high scores in the depression tracking were associated to low cognitive scores. CONCLUSION: Nursing auxiliaries and technicians were affected by stress. Therefore, worker's healthcare should be provided for the whole nursing team.

OBJETIVOS: Investigar, de forma integrada, possíveis indicadores de alterações cognitivas, depressão, ansiedade e agentes estressores ocupacionais em auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem e enfermeiros de diversos setores da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Assis-SP, por meio de instrumentos de rastreio psicológico e cognitivo. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 66 profissionais de enfermagem, avaliados por instrumentos de rastreio psicológico e cognitivo. RESULTADOS: A experiência de estresse não foi homogênea na equipe de enfermagem; escores altos no rastreio de depressão foram associados a escores cognitivos baixos. CONCLUSÃO: Auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem e enfermeiros foram afetados pelo estresse, portanto, atenção à saúde do trabalhador deve ser oferecida a toda a equipe de enfermagem.

OBJETIVOS: Investigar, de forma integrada, posibles indicadores de alteraciones cognitivas, depresión, ansiedad y agentes estresores ocupacionales en auxiliares y técnicos de enfermería así como de enfermeros de diversos sectores de la Santa Casa de Misericordia de Asís-SP, por medio de instrumentos de rastreo psicológico y cognitivo. MÉTODOS: Participaron en el estudio 66 profesionales de enfermería, evaluados por instrumentos de rastreo psicológico y cognitivo. RESULTADOS: La experiencia de estrés no fue homogénea en el equipo de enfermería; los escores altos en el rastreo de depresión fueron asociados a escores cognitivos bajos. CONCLUSIÓN: Los auxiliares y técnicos de enfermería y enfermeros se vieron afectados por el estrés por lo que la atención a la salud del trabajador, debe ser ofrecida a todo el equipo de enfermería.