RESUMO
PURPOSE: To assess which cataract operation technique involves least risk of postoperative endophthalmitis, when performed in a population living in poor hygiene conditions. METHODS: This retrospective clinical study evaluated 2446 cases at the Eye Clinic of the Komotini General Hospital, Greece, between January 1998 and January 2001. RESULTS: Endophthalmitis arose in 12/1055 patients (1.13%) after extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and in 8/1391 after phacoemulsification (0.57%). The mean time to onset of endophthalmitis was 23 and 73 days respectively after phacoemulsification and ECCE. This difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Endophthalmitis develops considerably later after ECCE than phacoemulsification. Thus it would appear that hygiene conditions have a stronger effect in patients operated with the ECCE technique. In order to reduce the risk of endophthalmitis after cataract extraction in patients living in substandard conditions, phacoemulsification is proposed as preferable to ECCE.