RESUMO
Carotid artery stenosis due to arteriosclerosis increases the risk of cerebral ischemia via embolic phenomena or reduced blood flow. The changes in cerebral perfusion that may occur after treatment are not clearly understood. This study evaluated the changes in cerebral microcirculation following carotid angioplasty with stenting (CAS) under cerebral protection with filters using ultrafast gradient echo (GRE) perfusion weighted imaging (PWI) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Prospectively, 21 cervical carotid stenosis patients, mean age 69.95 years, underwent MRI 12 h before and 72 h after CAS. PWI parameters were collected for statistical analysis: cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT) and time to peak (TTP). Statistical analysis was applied to absolute parameters and to values normalized against those from the contralateral parenchyma. The main finding of this study was improved hemodynamics for the normalized data after CAS, shown by reduced MTT (p<0.001) and TTP (p=0.019) in the territory fed by the middle cerebral artery ipsilateral to the CAS. Absolute data showed increased blood volume in the cerebral hemispheres after CAS, which was more accentuated on the stent side (p=0.016) than the contralateral side (p=0.029). Early improvements in cerebral perfusion, mainly seen in the normalized data, were clearly demonstrated in the timing parameters - TTP & MTT - after CAS.
Assuntos
Angioplastia , Estenose das Carótidas/patologia , Estenose das Carótidas/terapia , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Stents , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Volume Sanguíneo , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagem , Isquemia Encefálica/patologia , Estenose das Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Angiografia Cerebral , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microcirculação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
SUMMARY: A 42-year-old woman presented with headache, galactorrhoea, marked hyperprolactinemia and normal neurologic examination. CT, MR and MR-angiography showed an intracavernous carotid artery aneurysm with minimal displacement of the pituitary stalk. Treatment by embolisation using GDC coils allowed exclusion of the aneurysm. Galactorrhoea resolved and serum prolactin levels fell to normal after eight months. Followup MR showed absence of the aneurysm, although the discrete mass effect persisted, suggesting that hyperprolactinaemia was due to pulsatility.
RESUMO
A 56-year-old female with unstable angina, presented an acute embolic ischaemic stroke of right medium cerebral artery during elective coronary angiography. Complete patency was achieved after an intraarterial infusion of rt-PA (60mg/60min) with important functional improvement.
Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica/tratamento farmacológico , Embolia e Trombose Intracraniana/tratamento farmacológico , Ativadores de Plasminogênio/uso terapêutico , Ativador de Plasminogênio Tecidual/uso terapêutico , Doença Aguda , Cineangiografia , Feminino , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The authors describe 5 cases of primary lymphomas of the brain in patients without immunodeficiency. All the cases were non-Hodgkin tumors. The preoperative period lasted a few months. Postoperative course was bad in three cases and good in two others. Best means for diagnosis was CT. Routine histological and also immunohistological preparations were carried out in all cases to establish the diagnosis.