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1.
G3 (Bethesda) ; 8(3): 945-952, 2018 03 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29339406

RESUMO

Jinchuan yak, a newly discovered yak breed, not only possesses a large proportion of multi-ribs but also exhibits many good characteristics, such as high meat production, milk yield, and reproductive performance. However, there is limited information about its overall genetic structure, relationship with yaks in other areas, and possible origins and evolutionary processes. In this study, 7,693,689 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by resequencing the genome of Jinchuan yak. Principal component and population genetic structure analyses showed that Jinchuan yak could be distinguished as an independent population among the domestic yak population. Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that the decay rate of Jinchuan yak was the lowest of the domestic yak breeds, indicating that the degree of domestication and selection intensity of Jinchuan yak were higher than those of other yak breeds. Combined with archaeological data, we speculated that the origin of domestication of Jinchuan yak was ∼6000 yr ago (4000-10,000 yr ago). The quantitative dynamics of population growth history in Jinchuan yak was similar to that of other breeds of domestic and wild yaks, but was closer to that of the wild yak. No significant gene exchange between Jinchuan and other domestic yaks occurred. Compared with other domestic yaks, Jinchuan yak possessed 339 significantly and positively selected genes, several of which relate to physiological rhythm, histones, and the breed's excellent production characteristics. Our results provide a basis for the discovery of the evolution, molecular origin, and unique traits of Jinchuan yak.


Assuntos
Evolução Molecular , Variação Genética , Genoma , Genômica , Filogenia , Seleção Genética , Animais , Cruzamento , Bovinos , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Fluxo Gênico , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Genômica/métodos , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Anotação de Sequência Molecular , Fenótipo , Filogeografia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 13(9): 11455-11470, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23109865

RESUMO

The Jinchuan yak is a new yak population identified in Sichuan, China. This population has a special anatomical characteristic: an additional pair of ribs compared with other yak breeds. The genetic structure of this population is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the maternal phylogeny of this special yak population using the mitochondrial DNA variation. A total of 23 Jinchuan yaks were sequenced for a 823-bp fragment of D-loop control region and three individuals were sequenced for the whole mtDNA genome with a length of 16,371-bp. To compare with the data from other yaks, we extracted sequence data from Genebank, including D-loop of 398 yaks (from 12 breeds) and 55 wild yaks, and whole mitochondrial genomes of 53 yaks (from 12 breeds) and 21 wild yaks. A total of 127 haplotypes were defined, based on the D-loop data. Thirteen haplotypes were defined from 23 mtDNA D-loop sequences of Jinchuan yaks, six of which were shared only by Jinchuan, and one was shared by Jinchuan and wild yaks. The Jinquan yaks were found to carry clades A and B from lineage I and clade C of lineage II, respectively. It was also suggested that the Jinchuan population has no distinct different phylogenetic relationship in maternal inheritance with other breeds of yak. The highly haplotype diversity of the Pali breed, Jinchuan population, Maiwa breed and Jiulong breed suggested that the yak was first domesticated from wild yaks in the middle Himalayan region and the northern Hengduan Mountains. The special anatomic characteristic that we found in the Jinchuan population needs further studies based on nuclear data.


Assuntos
Bovinos/genética , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Haplótipos/genética , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Bovinos/anatomia & histologia , China , Feminino , Mitocôndrias/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia
3.
Zoolog Sci ; 23(3): 229-34, 2006 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16603815

RESUMO

Sixteen polymorphic primers screened from 100 random primers were selected to analyze the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) of 540 domesticated black goats (Capra hircas) from 9 different geographical populations in Sichuan Province of China. After the test, 170 entirely repeatable RAPD markers representing goat polymorphisms were obtained from the 16 polymorphic primers, the lengths of the markers ranging from 0.1 to 2.5 kb. The genetic distance among the black goat populations ranges from 0.1051 to 0.2978. The similarity coefficient (0.9002) between Jintang and Lezhi black goats was the highest in the 9 populations, followed by the coefficient (0.8953) between Jialing and Yinshan goats, while that between Jiangan and Huili goats was found to be the lowest (0.7424). The coefficient of differentiation among population genes (Gst) was 0.2766, indicating a comparatively low degree of differentiation among the black goat populations. A UPGMA dendrogram constructed from similarity coefficients showed that the two populations from Huili and Baiyu, which are found mostly on the Western Sichuan plateau and in mountainous areas, clustered together, and the other seven populations formed another group. It can also be clearly seen that the Huili and Baiyu populations are very special, and must have been closely related in the past, even though their link with the other populations is quite weak as a result of genetic communication. The results of the experiment offer some crucial scientific data useful for the breeding of black goats.


Assuntos
Variação Genética , Genética Populacional , Cabras/classificação , Cabras/genética , Filogenia , Animais , Sequência de Bases , China , Análise por Conglomerados , Primers do DNA , Demografia , Feminino , Amplificação de Genes , Masculino , Peso Molecular , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico
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