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[Iodine levels and intake in a population of healthy pregnant women]. / Concentraciones de yodo y su ingesta en una población de mujeres embarazadas sanas.

OBJECTIVE: To identify iodine levels in the first two trimesters of pregnancy in women attending the primary care center (PCC) of Orihuela (Alicante, Spain), and their relationship with food intake and vitamin supplements. METHOD: We performed a descriptive prospective study of pregnant women who had a first appointment at the PCC midwifery service in November and December 2005. The variables studied were urinary iodine levels through isolated sample collections, epidemiological variables, and the frequency of intake of iodine-related food and vitamin supplements. The variables were collected using a structured questionnaire administered through a face-to-face interview with the research team in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 104 women. Of these, 71.6% had iodine deficiency in the first trimester of pregnancy. This percentage was reduced to 30.6% in the second trimester. Statistically significant differences were found in intake of mollusks and vitamin supplements in relation to urinary iodine excretion. CONCLUSIONS: The mean value of urinary iodine excretion in the pregnant women examined revealed a slight deficiency in iodine intake in the first trimester, which can represent a risk for fetal development.

Concentraciones de yodo y su ingesta en una población de mujeres embarazadas sanas / Iodine levels and intake in a population of healthy pregnant women

Objetivo. Conocer las concentraciones de yodo en los 2 primeros trimestres de gestación de las embarazadas atendidas en el Centro de Atención Primaria (CAP) de Orihuela (Alicante), y su relación con el consumo de alimentos y suplementos vitamínicos. Método. Estudio descriptivo prospectivo. Se estudiaron las embarazadas que acudieron en su primera visita a la consulta de las matronas del CAP los meses de noviembre y diciembre de 2005. Las variables estudiadas fueron: determinación de yodo en orina (se recogieron muestras aisladas de orina), variables epidemiológicas, frecuencia de consumo de alimentos relacionados con el yodo y de suplementos vitamínicos. Éstas se recogieron a través de un cuestionario estructurado, administrado mediante entrevista personal por el equipo de investigación el primer y segundo trimestres de gestación. Resultados. Se obtuvo una muestra de 104 mujeres. Un 71,6% presentó deficiencia de yodo en el primer trimestre, y se observó una disminución de la deficiencia de un 30,6% en el segundo trimestre. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto al consumo de moluscos y suplementos vitamínicos en relación con la excreción de yodo en orina. Conclusiones. El valor medio de la excreción urinaria de yodo de las gestantes estudiadas muestra una deficiencia leve en la ingesta de yodo durante el primer trimestre, lo que puede suponer un riesgo para el desarrollo fetal

Objective. To identify iodine levels in the first two trimesters of pregnancy in women attending the primary care center (PCC) of Orihuela (Alicante, Spain), and their relationship with food intake and vitamin supplements. Method. We performed a descriptive prospective study of pregnant women who had a first appointment at the PCC midwifery service in November and December 2005. The variables studied were urinary iodine levels through isolated sample collections, epidemiological variables, and the frequency of intake of iodine-related food and vitamin supplements. The variables were collected using a structured questionnaire administered through a face-to-face interview with the research team in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Results. The sample consisted of 104 women. Of these, 71.6% had iodine deficiency in the first trimester of pregnancy. This percentage was reduced to 30.6% in the second trimester. Statistically significant differences were found in intake of mollusks and vitamin supplements in relation to urinary iodine excretion. Conclusions. The mean value of urinary iodine excretion in the pregnant women examined revealed a slight deficiency in iodine intake in the first trimester, which can represent a risk for fetal development