Effect of a Nursing intervention on the uncertainty of family members in Intensive Care

Introduction: Family members of patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit present high uncertainty level due to not knowing what is happening and to not having clear details about the related events; therefore, interventions are required to allow modulating those levels. Objective: To evaluate the effect of an educational Nursing intervention compared to conventional care on the uncertainty of family members of patients hospitalized in an ICU. Materials and methods: An experimental study with a sample comprised by 132 relatives of patients admitted to an ICU, randomly distributed in four Solomon groups (33 in each group). The Nursing intervention based on the concepts of the Uncertainty in Illness Theory was applied to both experimental groups and devised under the Whittemore and Grey parameters with three moments: assessment; education about the relative's hospitalization in the ICU; and accompaniment. This was done with pre-assessments for two groups and post-assessments for the four groups, using the PPUS-FM Uncertainty Scale. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and respective non-parametric analyses. The study took into account the ethical principles in research. Results: The family members in the experimental groups presented a lower final uncertainty level when compared to the control groups, with a difference of 73.04 points and a p-value of 0.001. Discussion: Standardized interventions and under a theoretical model allow reducing uncertainty in relatives of patients in ICUs. Conclusions: The Nursing intervention based on the Uncertainty theory allows reducing uncertainty in relatives of patients hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit.

Effects of the discharge plan on the caregiving load of people with chronic disease: Quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of an anticipated care plan, structured around hospital discharge (PC-AH-US), regarding the caregiving load of people with NTCD residing in Colombia, 2019-2021. METHOD: This is a quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-intervention measurements. It includes 1170 participants who represented 585 chronic disease patient-caregiver pairs. We compared the PC-AH-US intervention, to the regular intervention. RESULTS: The PC-AH-US intervention group showed better results in all dimensions when compared to the regular intervention group: Awareness 8.7 (SD: 0.7) and 6.8 (SD: 1.7); Acknowledgement of their unique conditions 11.3 (SD: 1.0) and 9.4 (SD: 1.8); Capacity to fulfill care tasks 8.8 (SD: 0.7) and 7.5 (SD: 1.5); Wellbeing 11.4 (SD: 0.90) and 8.87 (SD: 2.3); Anticipation 5.88 (SD: 0.4) and 4.7 (SD: 1.1) and Support Network 11.4 (SD: 0.8) and 9.9 (SD: 2.5). CONCLUSION: The PC-AH-US intervention group showed a statistically significant decrease in the caregiving load for people with NTCD (p < 00). There were no significant institutional differences in readmissions or deaths. The PC-AH-US intervention backs institutional policies meant to care for people with NTCD.

Nursing intervention to meet the family members' needs during the surgery waiting time.

OBJECTIVE: to assess the effect of a care intervention focused on meeting the needs of family members of surgical patients during the surgery waiting time, when compared to conventional care. METHOD: a study with a quasi-experimental design that was developed from December 2019 to February 2020 and included 313 family members (Intervention Group=149 and Control Group=164) from a private hospital. The intervention consisted in four moments: "knowing the surgical environment and process", "information when the surgery starts", "information when the surgery ends", and "family-patient reunion". The "satisfaction" variable was assessed through the "Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire" instrument. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The study observed the ethical principles in research. RESULTS: the family members in the Intervention Group presented greater satisfaction with Nursing care, 90.07(9.8), when compared to the Comparison Group, 78.72(16.38), with an 11.35-point increase(p=0.000). CONCLUSION: the results showed that the families that received the intervention on the patient's status during the surgery waiting time were more satisfied with Nursing care in comparison to the conventional intervention.

Escala de Convivencia con un Proceso Crónico: validación en pacientes de habla hispana con hipertensión arterial / Living with Chronic Illness Scale: validation in Spanish-speaking population with hypertension

Objetivo principal: Presentar los resultados psicométricos del estudio de validación de la Escala de Convivencia con un proceso crónico en pacientes con Hipertensión arterial (EC-HTA) en Colombia. Metodología: Estudio observacional, transversal con retest en una fracción de la muestra. Se analizaron los aspectos psicométricos de viabilidad/aceptabilidad, fiabilidad, precisión y validez de constructo. Resultados principales: Se incluyeron un total de 341 pacientes de los cuales el 68% eran mujeres con una edad media de 65 años. El 100% de los datos fueron computables. La EC-HTA presentó un valor alfa de Cronbach de 0,76. Respecto a la validez interna, para el total de la escala fue de 0,90. Conclusión principal: La EC-HTA es una escala válida y fiable para evaluar el grado de convivencia en pacientes con HTA en Colombia, siendo un instrumento clínico de gran utilidad para favorecer un cuidado centrado en la persona y no en la enfermedad. (AU)

Objective: To present the psychometric results of the validation study of the Living with Chronic illness scale in patients with hypertension (LW-hypertension) in Colombia. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study with retest. There psychometric properties of feasibility/acceptability, reliability, precision, and construct validity were analyzed. Results: A total sample of 341 patients was included, where the 68% were female with an average age of 65 years old. The 100% of the data were computable. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total scale was 0.76. Regarding internal validity for the total scale was 0.90. Conclusions: The LW-hypertension scale is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate the living with hypertension degree in Colombia, becoming a clinical and easy instrument to facilitate a person centered care and not centered just on the disease. (AU)

International psychometric validation of the Living with Chronic Illness Scale in Spanish-speaking patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

OBJECTIVES: To validate the Living with Chronic Illness (LW-CI) Scale in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN: Observational, cross-sectional validation study with retest. Acceptability, reliability, precision and construct validity were tested. SETTING: The study took place in primary and secondary specialised units of public and private hospitals of Spain and Colombia. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 612 patients with COPD assessed from May 2018 to May 2019. A consecutive cases sampling was done. Inclusion criteria included: (A) patients with a diagnosis of COPD; (B) native Spanish speaking; (C) able to read and understand questionnaires; and (D) able to provide informed consent. Exclusion criteria included: (A) cognitive deterioration and (B) pharmacological effect or disorder that could disrupt the assessment. RESULTS: The LW-CI-COPD presented satisfactory data quality, with no missing data or floor/ceiling effects, showing high internal consistency for all the domains (Cronbach's alpha for the total score 0.92). Test-retest reliability was satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.92). The LW-CI-COPD correlated 0.52-0.64 with quality of life and social support measures. The scale demonstrated satisfactory known-groups validity, yielding significantly different scores in patients grouped according to COPD severity levels. CONCLUSIONS: This has been the first validation study of the LW-CI-COPD. It is a feasible, reliable, valid and precise self-reported scale to measure living with COPD in the Spanish-speaking population. Therefore, it could be recommended for research and clinical practice to measure this concept and evaluate the impact of centred-care interdisciplinary interventions based on the patients' perspective, focused on providing holistic and comprehensive care to patients with COPD.

Validation of living with chronic illness scale in a type 2 diabetes mellitus population.

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and one of those producing greatest impact on patients' day-to-day quality of life. Our study aim is to validate the "Living with Chronic Illness Scale" for a Spanish-speaking T2DM population. METHODS: In this observational, international, cross-sectional study, 582 persons with T2DM were recruited in primary care and outpatient hospital consultations, in Spain and Colombia, during the period from May 2018 to June 2019. The properties analysed were feasibility/acceptability, internal consistency, reliability, precision and (structural) content-construct validity including confirmatory factor analysis. The COSMIN checklist was used to assess the methodological/psychometric quality of the instrument. RESULTS: The scale had an adequate internal consistency and test retest reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96, respectively). In addition, the instrument is precise (standard error of measurement = 3.34, with values < ½SD = 8.52) and correlates positively with social support (DUFSS) (rs = 0.56), quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) (rs = 0.51-0.30) and ssatisfaction with life (SLS-6) (rs = 0.50-0.38). The original 26-items version of the scale did not support totally the confirmatory factor analysis. The COSMIN checklist is favourable for all the properties analysed, although weaknesses are detected for structural validity. CONCLUSIONS: The LW-CI-T2DM is a valid, reliable and accurate instrument for use in clinical practice to determine how a person's life is affected by the presence of diabetes. This instrument correlates well with the associated constructs of social support, quality of life and satisfaction. Additional research is needed to determine how well the questionnaire structure performs when robust factor analysis methods are applied.

Psychometric Validation of the Living with Chronic Illness Scale in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.

It is necessary to develop self-reported instruments that evaluate the process of living with chronic heart failure (HF) holistically. The Living with Chronic Illness Scale-HF (LW-CI-HF) is the only available tool to evaluate how patients are living with HF. The aim is to analyse the psychometric properties of the LW-CI scale in the HF population. An international, cross-sectional validation study was carried out in 603 patients living with HF from Spain and Colombia. The variables measured were living with HF, perceived social support, satisfaction with life, quality of life and global impression of severity. The LW-CI-HF scale presented good data quality and acceptability. All domains showed high internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha coefficient ≥ 0.7. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the total score was satisfactory (0.9) in test-retest reliability. The LW-CI-HF correlated 0.7 with social support and quality of life measures. Standard error of measurement was 6.5 for total scale. The LW-CI-HF scale is feasible, reliable and valid. However, results should be taken with caution in order to be used in clinical practice to evaluate the complex process of living with HF. Further research is proposed.

Nursing intervention to meet the family members' needs during the surgery waiting time / Intervención de enfermería para satisfacer las necesidades de los familiares durante la espera quirúrgica / Intervenção de enfermagem para satisfazer as necessidades dos familiares durante a espera no centro cirúrgico

Objective: to assess the effect of a care intervention focused on meeting the needs of family members of surgical patients during the surgery waiting time, when compared to conventional care. Method: a study with a quasi-experimental design that was developed from December 2019 to February 2020 and included 313 family members (Intervention Group=149 and Control Group=164) from a private hospital. The intervention consisted in four moments: "knowing the surgical environment and process", "information when the surgery starts", "information when the surgery ends", and "family-patient reunion". The "satisfaction" variable was assessed through the "Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire" instrument. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The study observed the ethical principles in research. Results: the family members in the Intervention Group presented greater satisfaction with Nursing care, 90.07(9.8), when compared to the Comparison Group, 78.72(16.38), with an 11.35-point increase(p=0.000). Conclusion: the results showed that the families that received the intervention on the patient's status during the surgery waiting time were more satisfied with Nursing care in comparison to the conventional intervention.

Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de una intervención de cuidado centrada en satisfacer las necesidades de los familiares de pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente durante la espera quirúrgica en comparación con el cuidado convencional. Método: diseño cuasi experimental que se desarrolló durante los meses de diciembre de 2019 a febrero de 2020 que incluyó 313 familiares (grupo de intervención = 149 y grupo de control = 164) de un hospital privado. La intervención estuvo compuesta por cuatro momentos: "conocer el ambiente y proceso quirúrgicos", "información sobre el inicio de la cirugía", "información sobre elfin de la cirugía", "reencuentro familia-paciente". La variable de satisfacción se midió a través del instrumento "Cuestionario satisfacción del paciente con la calidad del cuidado de enfermería". Los datos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva y analítica. El estudio tuvo en cuenta los principios éticos en investigación. Resultados: los familiares del grupo de intervención presentaron una mayor satisfacción con el cuidado de enfermería 90,07 (9,8) comparado con el grupo de comparación 78,72 (16,38), con un aumento de 11,35 puntos (p = 0,000). Conclusión: los resultados demostraron que las familias que recibieron la intervención sobre el estado del paciente durante el tiempo de espera quirúrgico tuvieron una mayor satisfacción con la calidad del cuidado de enfermería en comparación con la intervención convencional.

Objetivo: avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção assistencial voltada para o atendimento das necessidades dos familiares de pacientes operados durante a espera no centro cirúrgico em comparação ao atendimento convencional. Método: estudo quase-experimental desenvolvido entre os meses de dezembro de 2019 e fevereiro de 2020 incluindo 313 familiares (grupo intervenção = 149 e grupo de comparação = 164) de um hospital privado. A intervenção consistiu em quatro momentos: "conhecer o ambiente e o processo cirúrgico", "informações sobre o início da cirurgia", "informações sobre o término da cirurgia", "reunião família-paciente". A variável de satisfação foi medida por meio do instrumento "Questionário de satisfação do paciente com a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem". Os dados foram analisados com estatística descritiva e analítica. O estudo levou em consideração os princípios éticos em pesquisa. Resultados: os familiares do grupo intervenção apresentaram maior satisfação com os cuidados de enfermagem 90,07 (9,8) em relação ao grupo de comparação 78,72 (16,38), com aumento de 11,35 pontos (p = 0,000). Conclusão: os resultados demonstraram que as famílias que receberam a intervenção sobre a condição do paciente durante o tempo de espera cirúrgica relataram maior satisfação com a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem se comparados à intervenção convencional.

Meaning of Receiving Artificial Nutritional Support in People in the Postoperative Period of Abdominal Surgery.

OBJECTIVES: This work sought to describe the meaning of receiving artificial nutritional support in people in the postoperative period of abdominal surgery. METHODS: This was a qualitative study of grounded theory, following the guidelines by Corbin and Strauss. The information was collected through 26 in-depth interviews with 21 participants, interned in a tier III health care hospital in the city of Tunja, Colombia. RESULTS: The study describes four categories, which account for the way in which the person experiences physical, physiological, emotional, and social changes when receiving artificial nutritional support. The categories include stopping eating and becoming artificially fed, decreasing the ability to move to recover movement, experiencing the difficulty of having artificial nutritional support, and reaching the disease to transform life. The data analysis shows that the basic surgical pathology and the artificial nutritional support are sudden events that fragment the daily life of the person. These individuals demand the mobilization of religious, family, and social resources to strengthen the person's internal and external environment and, thus, achieve the health situation. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the meanings shows how the person reflects and interprets the reality of receiving artificial nutritional support, an event that has implicit physical discomfort, emotional changes, and physical appearance, which are determinants in the behavior and practice of artificial nutrition. However, artificial nutritional support becomes for the person an alternative to live and recover the state of health.

Meaning of Receiving Artificial Nutritional Support in People in the Postoperative Period of Abdominal Surgery

Objective. This work sought to describe the meaning of receiving artificial nutritional support in people in the postoperative period of abdominal surgery. Methods. This was a qualitative study of grounded theory, following the guidelines by Corbin and Strauss. The information was collected through 26 in-depth interviews with 21 participants, interned in a tier III health care hospital in the city of Tunja, Colombia. Results. The study describes four categories, which account for the way in which the person experiences physical, physiological, emotional, and social changes when receiving artificial nutritional support. The categories include stopping eating and becoming artificially fed, decreasing the ability to move to recover movement, experiencing the difficulty of having artificial nutritional support, and reaching the disease to transform life. The data analysis shows that the basic surgical pathology and the artificial nutritional support are sudden events that fragment the daily life of the person. These individuals demand the mobilization of religious, family, and social resources to strengthen the person's internal and external environment and, thus, achieve the health situation. Conclusions. The analysis of the meanings shows how the person reflects and interprets the reality of receiving artificial nutritional support, an event that has implicit physical discomfort, emotional changes, and physical appearance, which are determinants in the behavior and practice of artificial nutrition. However, artificial nutritional support becomes for the person an alternative to live and recover the state of health.

Objetivo. Describir los significados de recibir soporte nutricional artificial en personas en periodo postoperatorio de cirugía abdominal. Métodos. Estudio cualitativo de teoría fundamentada, siguiendo los lineamientos de Corbin y Strauss. La información se recolectó a partir de 26 entrevistas en profundidad a 21 participantes internados en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención en salud de la ciudad de Tunja (Colombia). Resultados. El estudio describe cuatro categorías que dan cuenta de la forma en que la persona experimenta cambios físicos, fisiológicos, emocionales y sociales al recibir soporte nutricional artificial en el postoperatorio de cirugía abdominal: 1. dejar de comer y pasar a ser alimentado de manera artificial; 2. disminuyendo la capacidad de moverse hasta recobrar el movimiento; 3. experimentando lo difícil de tener el soporte nutricional artificial, y 4. la enfermedad llega para transformar la vida. La patología quirúrgica de base y el soporte nutrición artificial son eventos súbitos, que fragmentan la vida cotidiana de la persona. En consecuencia, demandan la movilización de recursos religiosos, familiares y sociales para el fortalecimiento del medio interno y externo de la persona y lograr así asumir la situación de salud. Conclusión. El análisis de los significados muestra cómo la persona reflexiona e interpreta la realidad de recibir soporte nutricional artificial, evento que tiene implícito molestias físicas, cambios emocionales y en la apariencia física, los cuales determinan en el comportamiento y prácticas de la persona. El soporte nutricional artificial se convierte para la persona en una alternativa para vivir y recuperar el estado de salud.

Objetivo. Descrever os significados de receber suporte nutricional artificial em pessoas no pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal. Métodos Estudo qualitativo da teoria fundamentada, seguindo as diretrizes de Corbin e Strauss. As informações foram coletadas através de 26 entrevistas em profundidade com 21 participantes, internados em um hospital de terceiro nível para atendimento de saúde na cidade de Tunja (Colômbia). Resultados O estudo descreve quatro categorias que explicam a maneira pela qual a pessoa experimenta mudanças físicas, fisiológicas, emocionais e sociais, recebendo apoio nutricional artificial no período pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal: parar de comer e se alimentar artificialmente, reduzindo a capacidade de se mover para recuperar o movimento, enfrentando a dificuldade de ter suporte nutricional artificial e levar a doença a transformar a vida. A patologia cirúrgica básica e o suporte nutricional artificial são eventos repentinos, que fragmentam o cotidiano da pessoa. Eles exigem a mobilização de recursos religiosos, familiares e sociais para fortalecer o ambiente interno e externo da pessoa e, assim, alcançar a situação de saúde. Conclusão A análise dos significados mostra como a pessoa reflete e interpreta a realidade de receber suporte nutricional artificial, um evento que implica desconforto físico implícito, mudanças emocionais e aparência física, determinantes de comportamento e prática diante da nutrição artificial. No entanto, o suporte nutricional artificial torna-se para a pessoa uma alternativa para viver e recuperar o estado de saúde.

Bienestar espiritual en el ámbito hospitalario: aportes para la humanización en salud / Spiritual well-being in the hospital environment: contributions for health humanization / Bem-estar espiritual no âmbito hospitalar: contribuições para a humanização em saúde

Resumen: El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar el bienestar espiritual (BE) del personal de enfermería y su aporte ético a la humanización en salud. El método seguido corresponde al enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal. El muestreo es no probabilístico, constituido por 148 enfermeros de dos instituciones de salud de la ciudad de Bogotá (A y B). Se aplicó instrumento SHALOM-3 para medir el bienestar espiritual (disonancia y armonía) en los dominios personal, trascendental, ambiental y comunal. En cuanto a los resultados, la evaluación del BE mostró un alto porcentaje de armonía en las dos instituciones; sin embargo, se encontraron porcentajes de disonancia en la institución B, en los dominios trascendental (16% vs 22%), ambiental (12% vs 19%) y personal (11% vs 18%). Se destaca la importancia del Bienestar Espiritual para la humanización de los servicios de salud en el ámbito hospitalario, dado que contribuye a la mejora continua y a la garantía de calidad, preocupaciones relevantes para la bioética en el estudio del clima ético en las instituciones de salud.

Abstract: The objective of this article is to determine the spiritual well-being (SW) of nursing staff and their ethical contribution to health humanization. The method followed corresponds to the quantitative, descriptive and transversal approach. The sampling is not probabilistic, consisting of 148 nurses from two health institutions in the city of Bogotá (A and B). The SHALOM-3 instrument was applied to measure spiritual well-being (dissonance and harmony) in the personal, transcendental, environmental and communal domains. Regarding the results, the evaluation of the BE showed a high percentage of harmony in the two institutions; however, percentages of dissonance were found in institution B, in the transcendental (16% vs. 22%), environmental (12% vs. 19%) and personal (11% vs. 18%) domains. The importance of Spiritual Wellbeing for the humanization of health services in the hospital field is highlighted, since it contributes to a continuous improvement and quality assurance, both relevant concerns for bioethics in the study of the ethical climate in healthcare institutions.

Resumo: O objetivo do presente artigo é determinar o bem-estar espiritual (BEE) da equipe de enfermagem e sua contribuição ética para a humanização em saúde. O método corresponde ao enfoque quantitativo, descritivo e transversal. A amostragem é não probabilística, constituída por 148 enfermeiros de duas instituições de saúde da cidade de Bogotá (A e B). Usou-se instrumento SHALOM-3 para medir o bem-estar espiritual (dissonância e harmonia) nos domínios pessoal, transcendental, ambiental e comunitário. Quanto aos resultados, a avaliação do BEE mostrou uma alta porcentagem de harmonia nas duas instituições; no entanto, encontraram-se porcentagens de dissonância na instituição B, nos domínios transcendental (16% v. 22%), ambiental (12% v. 19%) e pessoal (11% v. 18%). Destaca-se a importância do Bem-estar Espiritual para a humanização dos serviços de saúde no âmbito hospitalar, dado que contribui para a melhora contínua e a garantia de qualidade, preocupações relevantes para a bioética no estudo do clima ético nas instituições de saúde

An Experience of an Individual With a Chronic Wound in an Open Abdomen: A Grounded Theory.

The open abdomen (OA) surgical technique has become an option for treating complex abdominal injuries; however, complications leading to late closure conditions might arise. In these cases the wound must be left open, which greatly impacts the patient's life. OBJECTIVE: The author aims to describe the experiences of individuals with a chronic OA wound. METHODS: Qualitative design using grounded theory was utilized. This study was carried out with a group of 28 adults who were treated with OA technique and whose wound had remained open for more than a month in duration and only received outpatient wound care. Data were collected through open interviews and examined under continuous comparison. The average age of the respondents was 45 years, and their wound, treated with OA due to severe abdominal infection, remained open between 2 months and 8 years. RESULTS: An emergent theory was developed to describe how people facing this experience undergo a process of 4 stages: 1) finding an OA wound upon waking, 2) feeling desperate about the healing process and the limitations involved, 3) regaining control of their life, and 4) taking advantage of their second chance at life with an OA wound. CONCLUSION: This study provides insight for nurses and other health care professionals into the experiences of patients with a chronic OA wound and proposes an emerging theory based on the conceptualization of these experiences.

Intervención Enfermera sobre el nivel de conocimientos del paciente en cuidados postquirúrgicos / Nurse intervention on the level of knowledge of the patient in post-surgical care / Intervenção enfermeira do nível de conhecimento no atendimento ao paciente pós-cirúrgico

Objetivo: Evaluar una intervención enfermera sobre el nivel de conocimientos de los pacientes sobre los cuidados postquirúrgicos en un hospital de II nivel de complejidad. Materiales y métodos: Proyecto de gestión del cuidado utilizando como referente metodológico el marco lógico adaptado. Se formuló una estructura conceptual-teórico-empírica para la investigación, que artículo los conceptos de Adaptación de Roy, educación de la teoría de la incertidumbre en la enfermedad de Mishel y se formularon los indicadores empíricos a partir de los diagnósticos, clasificación de resultados y las intervenciones enfermeras para dar solución al problema de la práctica. La muestra estuvo conformada por 101 pacientes adultos, con riesgo quirúrgico I y II, que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente y permanecían hospitalizados. Se aplicaron como instrumentos de recolección de información previo y posterior a la intervención una valoración verbal de los sentimientos sobre la cirugía y evaluación de conocimientos sobre los cuidados posquirúrgicos. La intervención incluyó educación personalizada, proyección de videos y explicación con folletos. Resultados: El uso de la intervención permitió mejorar los resultados con relación al nivel de conocimientos en actividad, dieta, cuidados de la herida y los signos y síntomas de infección, pasando de un nivel de conocimientos inicial nulo o bajo (1, 2) a un nivel sustancial o extenso (4 o 5), según la escala de resultados. Conclusión: La intervención educativa es efectiva al mejorar el nivel de conocimientos de los pacientes con relación a los cuidados posquirúrgicos, así como los pacientes le asignan un significado positivo a la cirugía y la describen como una oportunidad. Este estudio resalta el uso de conocimiento disciplinar en la práctica de enfermería.

Objective: To evaluate a nursing intervention regarding the level of knowledge of the patients in postsurgical care in a hospital of level 2 of complexity. Materials and Methods: Project of care management using as a methodological reference the adapted logical framework, a conceptual -theoretical- empirical structure was formulated for the research that articulated the concepts of Roy's adaptation model, education of the Mishel uncertainty of illness theory and empirical indicators were formulated from the diagnoses, classification of results, and nursing interventions to resolve the problem of practice. The sample was made of 101 adult patients, with surgical risk I y II that were surgically intervened and remained hospitalized. The instruments applied for the collection of pre and post intervention were a verbal assessment of the feelings about the surgery and an evaluation of knowledge about postsurgical care. The intervention included personalized education, video projections and explanation with brochures. Results: The use of intervention allowed the results to improve with relation to the level of knowledge in activity, diet, care of the wound and the signs and symptoms of infection, going from an initial level of knowledge null or low (1,2) to a substantial or extensive level (4 or 5), according to this scale of results. Conclusion: The educative intervention is effective for the improvement of knowledge of the patients with relation to the postsurgical care, as well as patients that give a positive significance to the surgery and describe it as an opportunity. This study highlights the use of disciplinary knowledge in the practice of nursing.

Objetivo: Avaliar uma intervenção de enfermagem sobre o nível de conhecimentos dos pacientes sobre os cuidados pós-cirúrgicos num hospital de II nível de complexidade. Materiais e métodos: Projeto de gestão do cuidado utilizando como referente metodológico o marco lógico adaptado. Formulou-se uma estrutura conceptual -teórico-empírica- para a pesquisa que articulou os conceitos de Adaptação de Roy, educação da teoria da incerteza na doença de Mishel e se formularam os indicadores empíricos a partir dos diagnósticos, classificação de resultados e as intervenções de enfermagem para dar solução ao problema da prática. A amostra esteve conformada por 101 pacientes adultos, com risco cirúrgico I e II, que foram operados cirurgicamente e permaneciam hospitalizados. Aplicaram-se como instrumentos de recolecção de informação antes e após à intervenção uma valoração verbal dos sentimentos sobre a cirurgia e avaliação de conhecimentos sobre os cuidados pós-cirúrgicos. A intervenção incluiu educação personalizada, projeção de vídeos e explicação com folhetos. Resultados: O uso da intervenção permitiu melhorar os resultados com relação ao nível de conhecimentos em atividade, dieta, cuidados da ferida e os signos e sintomas da infecção, passando de um nível inicial de conhecimentos nulo ou baixo (1,2) a um nível substancial ou extenso (4 ou 5), segundo a escala de resultados. Conclusão: A intervenção educativa é efetiva ao melhorar o nível de conhecimentos dos pacientes com relação aos cuidados pós-cirúrgicos, assim como os pacientes lhe assignam um significado positivo à cirurgia e a descrevem como uma oportunidade. Este estudo ressalta o uso do conhecimento disciplinar na prática de enfermagem.

Vivencia de la persona en el proceso de tener una herida crónica por abdomen abierto / Experience of the person in the process of having a chronic open abdominal wound

Las personas sometidas a la técnica quirúrgica de abdomen abierto debido a la severidad de la infección, pueden permanecer con la herida abierta por más de seis semanas, necesitando de un cierre por segunda intención. Ello condiciona una lenta recuperación y cambios en la vida que aún no han sido descritos. Los objetivos fueron la descripción de los significados y la comprensión de la experiencia de tener una herida crónica por abdomen abierto, luego se planteó una propuesta teórica que describe esta vivencia. Para ello, se empleó una metodología cualitativa utilizando la teoría fundamentada, guiado por Corbin y Strauss. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad a 28 personas adultas con herida por abdomen abierto, que estaban en casa, y requerían cierre por formación de tejido de granulación, quienes solo recibían curación ambulatoria. En los resultados se encontró que la edad de los informantes fue en promedio de 45 años, habían permanecido con la herida abierta de dos meses hasta ocho años, la principal causa de la herida fue peritonitis. Luego del análisis de los datos surgen seis categorías: Recuperando la vida luego de estar en riesgo de morir, aprendiendo a movilizarme hasta lograr recuperar la independencia, necesitando de la ayuda de otros, viviendo lo duro de tener la herida, teniendo que curar una herida terrible en el estómago, y cambiando la relación con mi pareja. Se concluye con un postulado teórico que permite comprender como las personas que tienen esta experiencia viven un proceso de cuatro etapas que va desde la sorpresa que implica despertar con una herida terrible en el estómago, pasando por la desesperación al ver la limitación y los cambios que tienen, hasta decidir retomar el control y vivir la segunda oportunidad. Estos hallazgos son un aporte novedoso al conocimiento de la enfermería que apoyará la cualificación del cuidado de las personas que tienen una herida por abdomen abierto.

People undergoing open abdomen surgical techniques due to the severity of an infection, may remain with an open abdomen for more than six weeks, needing a second surgical procedure to close the wound. This condition denotes a slow recovery process and several life changes that have not yet been described. The objectives were to describe the meaning and understanding of the experience of having a chronic wound open abdomen, then a theoretical proposal that describes this experience was raised. In order to do so, a qualitative methodology was employed by using Grounded Theory, guided by Corbin and Strauss. Depth interviews were conducted with 28 adults with an open abdominal chronic wound. All of them were treated with ambulatory therapy and required second intention closing by granulation tissue formation in order to heal. The results found that the age of respondents was 45 years on average, they had remained with their open abdominal wounds for a period between two months and eight years, and the leading cause of their injury was mainly associated to peritonitis. After analyzing data arising six categories: The categories that were identified include: Retrieving life after being at risk of dying, Learning To Mobilize By Myself; Living The Strain Of Having The Wound; Having To Heal A Terrible Wound In The Stomach; Needing The Help Of Others; And Changing The Relationship With My Partner. It concludes with a theoretical postulate for understanding how people who have this experience are undergoing a process of four stages ranging from the surprise that involves waking up with a terrible wound in the stomach, through despair to see the limitations and changes that have, decide to take control and live the second chance. These findings are a novel contribution to the knowledge of nursing skills that support the care of people who have open abdominal wound.