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Pharm. care Esp ; 22(5): 288-305, 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-201390

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El papel de los inhibidores del cotransportador de sodio-glucosa (iSGLT-2) o gliflozinas en pacientes mayores está aún por definir, por su minoritaria representación en ensayos clínicos y mayor riesgo de hipovolemia y reducción de la función renal. OBJETIVO: Conocer la prevalencia de control estricto de la glucemia y tensión arterial y la función renal de los pacientes mayores de 75 años tratados con iSGLT-2 en los centros de salud de la Dirección Asistencial Noroeste del Servicio Madrileño de Salud. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo observacional. Se identificaron pacientes ≥ 75 años con más de nueve envases dispensados de gliflozinas durante 2017. La variable principal fue el valor registrado de la última hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c). Otras variables: valor y numero de determinaciones de tasa de filtrado glomerular (TFG), media de los tres últimos registros de presión arterial (PA), fármacos concomitantes, presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) y de infección del tracto urinario o micosis genital. RESULTADOS: 189 pacientes; 52% hombres; mediana de edad 80 años (76-95). 46% utilizaba dapagliflozina. El 23% tenía HbA1c < 6,5%. TFG medio= 65,02 ml/min (IC95% 61,72-68,31); PAS media=128 mmHg (IC95% 125-131) y PAD=71,49 mmHg (IC95% 69,83-73,15). En 31 pacientes (20%) la PA media era inferior a 120/80 mmHg. El 93% utilizaban otros antidiabéticos orales o insulina, el 47% diuréticos, 9% AINE y 68% fármacos del sistema renina-angiotensina. El 33% tenían ECV establecida y 19% presentó infección genitourinaria. CONCLUSIONES: Más de un 20% de los mayores de 75 años que utiliza iSGLT2 podría presentar problemas de seguridad relacionados con este tratamiento antidiabético


BACKGROUND: The role of sodium-glucose transporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) or gliflozins is still undefined in elderly patients due to under-representation in clinical trials and increasing risk of hypovolemia and renal function reduction. OBJECTIVES: Determinate the prevalence of strict glycaemic control, blood pressure and renal function in patients ≥ 75 years on gliflozins treatment in the Primary Care Centers on the northwest zone of Madrid Health Service. METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study. We identified patients ≥ 75 years on ≥ nine gliflozins containers dispensed during 2017. The primary outcome was obtained by analysing the last glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value recorded. Other secondary outcomes included evaluating value and determinations of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), average of the last three blood pressure (BP) records, co-prescribed medication, established cardiovascular disease (CVD) and urinary tract infections or genital mycotic infections. RESULTS: We analysed data from 189 patients. 52% were men and the median age was 80 years (76-95). 46% were on dapagliflozin treatment. HbA1c was <6.5% in 23% of the patients. Mean GFR was 65.02 mL/min (95% CI 61.72-68.31); mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 128 mmHg (95% CI 125-131) and 71.49 mmHg (95% CI 69.83- 73.15), respectively. Mean BP was ≤120/80 mmHg in 20% of the patients. Co-prescribed medication: other oral antidiabetics or insulin (93%), diuretics (47%), NSAIDs (9%) and renin-angiotensin system drugs (68%). Established CVD was observed in 33% and genitourinary infection in 19%. CONCLUSIONS: More than 20% of patients ≥ 75 years treated with SGLT-2i may have hypoglucemic and hypotension issues with regards to SGLT2i antidiabetic treatment


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Inibidores do Transportador 2 de Sódio-Glicose/uso terapêutico , Segurança do Paciente , Glicemia , Pressão Arterial/fisiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular/efeitos dos fármacos , Índice Glicêmico , Hipoglicemia/complicações , Hipoglicemia/tratamento farmacológico , Polimedicação , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco
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