Association of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index With Adverse Event and Treatment Duration in Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients With Colorectal Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM: In recent years, the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) has been reported as a predictor of prognosis in many patients with cancer. This study investigated the association of preoperative GNRI with the occurrence of adverse events and duration of treatment with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPOX), a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, in 59 patients with colorectal cancer from September 2019 to April 2022. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cut-off value of 100.9 was used to categorize patients into high and low GNRI groups. RESULTS: The incidence of grade ≥2 leukopenia (p=0.03), and all grades peripheral neuropathy (p=0.04) were significantly more frequent in the low GNRI group. Analysis of factors influencing treatment duration by univariate and multivariate Cox regression proportional hazards models showed a significant difference in GNRI (p=0.0097). CONCLUSION: GNRI, a nutritional indicator assessed before the start of treatment, influences the occurrence of adverse events and duration of treatment with CAPOX as adjuvant chemotherapy. To complete CAPOX therapy, preoperatively, it is important to assess the patients' nutritional status using the GNRI and to actively intervene in nutritional therapy.

Correlation between antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance: A multicenter study using the Japan Surveillance for Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology (J-SIPHE) system in Hokkaido, Japan.

BACKGROUND: The Japan Surveillance for Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology (J-SIPHE) system aggregates information related to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) measures in participating medical institutions nationwide and is intended to be used for promotion of AMR measures in participating facilities and their communities. This multicenter study aimed to determine the usefulness of the J-SIPHE system for evaluating the correlation between antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in Hokkaido, Japan. METHODS: Data on antibiotic use and detection rate of major resistant Gram-negative bacteria at 19 hospitals in 2020 were collected from the J-SIPHE system, and data correlations were analyzed using JMP Pro. RESULTS: The detection rate of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was significantly positively correlated with carbapenem use (Spearman's ρ = 0.551; P = .015). There were significant positive correlations between the detection rate of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli and the use of piperacillin/tazobactam, carbapenems, and quinolones [ρ = 0.518 (P = .023), ρ = 0.76 (P < .001), and ρ = 0.502 (P = .029), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first multicenter study to investigate the correlation between antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance using the J-SIPHE system. The results suggest that using this system may be beneficial for promoting AMR measures.