RESUMO
RET/PTC oncogene activation occurs in about 20% of human thyroid papillary carcinomas. However, it is not known yet whether it is an early or late event in the process of thyroid carcinogenesis. Here we demonstrate, by using a combined immunohistochemical and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction based approach, that RET/PTC activation is present in 11 out of 26 occult thyroid papillary carcinomas analysed. Therefore, we conclude that it represents an early event in the process of thyroid cell transformation.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Papilar/genética , Proteínas de Drosophila , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/genética , Proto-Oncogenes , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/genética , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/genética , Sequência de Bases , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-retRESUMO
A population-based case-control interview study was designed to test the hypothesis that dietary iodine or the consumption of goitrogenic vegetables increases the risk of thyroid cancer. A total of 191 histologically confirmed cases (64 percent female) and 441 matched controls from five ethnic groups in Hawaii were available for analysis. Among women, intake of seafood (especially shellfish), harm ha (a fermented fish sauce), and dietary iodine were associated with an increased risk of cancer, whereas consumption of goitrogenic (primarily cruciferous) vegetables was associated with a decreased risk. Non-dietary risk factors included miscarriage (especially at first pregnancy), use of fertility drugs, family history of thyroid disease, obesity, and work as a farm laborer. The odds ratio for the combined effect of a high iodine intake and a first-pregnancy miscarriage was 4.8 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 1.2-19.2); and for high iodine intake and use of fertility drugs 7.3 (95 percent CI = 1.5-34.5). Among men, positive associations were found for obesity, work as a farm laborer, and a past history of benign thyroid disease. Although this study identified several dietary and non-dietary risk factors for thyroid cancer, it could not fully explain the exceptionally high incidence rates among Filipino women in Hawaii.
Assuntos
Dieta/efeitos adversos , Iodo/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Havaí/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/complicações , Filipinas/etnologia , Fatores de Risco , Frutos do Mar , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/complicações , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/etiologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , VerdurasAssuntos
Bilirrubina/metabolismo , Adulto , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Taxa de Depuração Metabólica , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Tempo de Protrombina , Animais , Bovinos , Hematologia/métodos , Humanos , Coelhos , TromboplastinaRESUMO
A pathology review of breast cancers in Japanese and Caucasian women indicates more numerous in situ carcinomas in the Japanese. Carcinomas with uniform nuclei were also more numerous among Japanese. Japanese women showed more extensive lymphocytic infiltrates adjacent to their tumors than did Caucasian women, and also showed more conspicuous sinus histiocytosis in tumor-free lymph nodes. Fewer Japanese women had lymph node metastases and those with metastases were less likely to have three or more nodes involved. Of these differences only those relating to local invasion, nuclear grade, lymphocytic infiltration, and sinus histiocytosis were statistically significant, but the demonstrated differences are internally consistent with differences in breast cancer incidence and mortality in the two races. Since the two races share the same medical care system and similar environments, the basis of these differences is probably a genetic modulation of hormonal balance and/or immunologic response.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Feminino , Havaí , Humanos , Japão/etnologia , Metástase Linfática , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , População BrancaAssuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/citologia , Adulto , Antígenos de Bactérias/análise , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/análise , Proteínas do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/análise , Criança , Cloretos/análise , Glucose/análise , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Lactatos/análise , Ácido Láctico , Neoplasias Meníngeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Meníngeas/secundário , Meningite/diagnósticoRESUMO
In Fukuoka, Japan, infiltrating duct carcinoma predominated among 213 breast cancer cases, age 45 to 74. Lobular and medullary carcinomas were infrequent. About thirty three percent of the women had marked productive fibrosis, based on the UICC code type. Both rough margin and productive fibrosis of the cancer increased with age of the patients. On the contrary, most of accompanying hyperplastic lesions decreased with age. The difference was significant for cystic formation between 10-year age groups of 45-54 and 55-64 (chi 2 = 6.61, p less than 0.02). Hormone receptors of 115 of the cases were independently measured and characterized according to histologic patterns manifesting host reaction (stromal cell infiltration and lymph node histiocytosis). Positive estrogen receptors were more frequent among ductal carcinomas with slight or no cellular reaction than those with extensive cellular reaction. The same pattern was also present for progesterone and androgen receptors. The extent of sinus histiocytosis in lymph nodes without metastasis was also inversely correlated with the presence of these hormone receptors. The correlation was significant for androgen receptor (chi 2 = 5.31, p less than 0.05). Positive estrogen receptor was more common among ductal carcinomas with prominent fibrosis than among those with minimal fibrosis.