RESUMO
This article presents a mechanical model that can be used to understand the foot, to help develop methods of treatment of foot pathology, and to provide direction for future research in foot mechanics and pathology. The anatomy and mechanical function of the windlass mechanism of the foot are analyzed using principles of mechanical engineering. The principles of force couples and free-body diagrams are explained and then applied to the foot. The relationship of the windlass mechanism to plantar fasciitis or heel spur syndrome, hallux abducto valgus, and hallux limitus is discussed.
Assuntos
Pé/fisiologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Fasciite/fisiopatologia , Hallux Limitus/fisiopatologia , Hallux Valgus/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Modelos Estruturais , Amplitude de Movimento ArticularRESUMO
The measurement of center of pressure has been widely used in the evaluation of foot function. This article will describe center of pressure and indicate how it can be used to calculate moments about the joint axes of the foot. Various uses of center of pressure described in the literature will be examined. A model based on the use of the location of center of pressure relative to the location of the subtalar joint axis will be proposed as a theoretical explanation of selected foot pathologies and their treatment.
Assuntos
Doenças do Pé/fisiopatologia , Pé/fisiologia , Pé/fisiopatologia , Modelos Biológicos , Articulação Talocalcânea/fisiologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Humanos , Pressão , Pronação , Projetos de PesquisaRESUMO
This article reviews the basic mechanics of rotations and motions and applies them to various characteristics of shoe design. What is known about the biomechanical consequences of midsole cushioning, midsole geometry, and flexibility is reviewed and some advice for clinicians in helping their patients choose shoes is given.
Assuntos
Pé/fisiologia , Sapatos , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Marcha , HumanosRESUMO
Twenty-three patients with clinical Stage IA-IIIB Hodgkin disease underwent extended-field radiotherapy, including the intact spleen. In 17 of those patients, there was little evidence of renal dysfunction resulting from partial irradiation of the left kidney, which is inherent in such treatment. While isotopic images revealed an anatomic defect in the upper pole of the left kidney in one-third of the patients, dynamic studies showed that this anatomic alteration was not accompanied by any demonstrable dysfunction. Consistently normal serum BUN and creatinine levels in all patients tended to affirm that conclusion.
