Factors related to the knowledge and skills of evidence-based practice among nurses worldwide: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Promoting evidence-based practice (EBP) among nurses may be a valuable component of improving health care. However, a comprehensive analysis of the factors associated with the knowledge and skill EBP in nurses has not been performed to date. This is essential for facilitating the acquisition of relevant knowledge and skills to effectively implement EBP. AIMS: The aim of the study was to determine the factors related to the knowledge and skills of EBP among nurses. METHODS: We searched various literature databases up to October 25, 2021, for relevant studies that investigated the factors associated with the knowledge and skills of EBP in nurses. The authors, year of study, country, study design, study subject information, instruments used for the assessment EBP knowledge and skills, use of multivariable analysis, and factors significantly associated with the knowledge and skills of EBP among nurses were extracted from each eligible study and collated to identify commonly reported factors. RESULTS: We identified 47 eligible studies conducted in a wide range of countries. Nine articles applied multivariable analyses, and 38 articles did not perform any multivariable analyses. The factors related to the knowledge and skill levels of EBP among nurses were classified into two categories: personal and work-environment factors. In the nine articles that conducted multivariable analysis, personal factors, which included educational level, participation in EBP education, and experience conducting research, and work-environment factors, such as resources and organizational support for EBP, were related to the knowledge and skills of EBP among nurses. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: Our review highlighted educational level, participation in EBP education, experience conducting research, and resources and organizational support for EBP as important factors that are associated with the knowledge and skills of EBP in nurses worldwide. Focusing on these factors may help improve nurses' understanding of EBP and facilitate the implementation of EBP.

Relationship between communicative and critical health literacy, health information sources, and participation in health checkups among middle-aged Japanese community residents.

We assessed the relationship between health literacy and participation in health checkups among middle-aged Japanese community residents. Additionally, we explored the health information sources related to participation in health checkups among those with low, medium, and high health literacy. This mail survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted in 2020 and included 33,902 community residents with National Health Insurance (NHI), aged 40-64 years from five cities in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Of these, 12,446 (36.7%) agreed to participate in the survey. After exclusion of those with regular visits to medical institutions and those with missing data, the analysis included 3582 participants. Health literacy was measured by the Communicative and Critical Health Literacy (CCHL) scale, and participants were classified into three groups (low, medium, and high health literacy groups) by the tertiles of CCHL scale score. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for non-participation in health checkups were 1.20 (95% CI 1.01-1.43, p = 0.039) in the medium health literacy group and 1.47 (95% CI 1.20-1.80, p < 0.001) in the low health literacy group compared with the high health literacy group. Additionally, some health information sources were associated with participation in health checkups in the medium and high health literacy groups, whereas none of the health information sources were associated with participation in health checkups in the low health literacy group. We believe that it is important to develop materials and interventions aimed at low health literacy populations to promote participation in health checkups.