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2.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 45(2): 88-95, Marzo 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-221863

RESUMO

Objetivo Con algunas de las recomendaciones de los grupos de trabajo de la SEMICYUC elaboramos un checklist y lo aplicamos en 2 periodos. Analizamos su comportamiento como herramienta de mejora en la seguridad. Diseño Estudio longitudinal, comparativo pre- y postintervención. Ámbito Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital universitario de 400 camas. Pacientes Serie de casos aleatorios en 2 periodos separados por 6 meses. Intervenciones Elaboramos un checklist con 24 indicadores seleccionados que aplicamos de forma aleatoria a 50 pacientes. La verificación fue conducida por un profesional no relacionado con el cuidado (prompter). Analizamos los resultados y el índice de cumplimiento y realizamos medidas correctoras con formación. Con 6 meses de preparación, aplicamos de nuevo el checklist aleatorio a 50 pacientes (periodo postintervención) y comparamos el índice de cumplimiento entre ambos. Resultados No observamos diferencias en características demográficas ni en la evolución entre periodos. El índice de cumplimiento en el periodo basal fue de 0,86±0,12 y en el periodo de postintervención de 0,91±0,52; p=0,023. Obtuvimos un índice de cumplimiento aceptable de los 24 indicadores, pero en el basal en 5 recomendaciones el índice de cumplimiento fue menor a 0,85. Estos incumplimientos detectados se trabajaron formativamente en la segunda fase. En el checklist postintervención observamos una mejoría en el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones. Conclusiones El checklist utilizado para comprobar el cumplimiento de una selección de recomendaciones de la SEMICYUC aplicado y moderado por un prompter fue un instrumento útil que permitió establecer puntos de mejora en la atención de los pacientes de una unidad de cuidados intensivos, aumentando la calidad y la seguridad. (AU)


Objective Based on some of the recommendations of the SEMICYUC working groups, we developed a checklist and applied it in 2 periods, analyzing their behavior as a tool for improving safety. Design A comparative pre- and post-intervention longitudinal study was carried out. Setting The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a 400-bed university hospital. Patients Random cases series in 2 periods separated by 6 months. Interventions We developed a checklist with 24 selected indicators that were randomly applied to 50 patients. Verification was conducted by a professional not related to care (prompter). We analyzed the results and compliance index and carried out corrective measures with training. With 6 months of preparation, we again applied the random checklist to 50 patients (post-intervention period) and compared the compliance indexes between the two timepoints. Results There were no differences in demographic characteristics or evolution between the periods. The compliance index at baseline was 0.86±0.12 versus 0.91±0.52 in the post-intervention period (P=.023). An acceptable compliance index was obtained with the 24 indicators, though at baseline the compliance index was<0.85 for 5 recommendations. These detected non-compliances were worked upon through training in the second phase of the study. The post-intervention checklist evidenced improvement in compliance with the recommendations. Conclusions The checklist used to assess compliance with a selection of recommendations of the SEMICYUC applied and moderated by a prompter was seen to be a useful instrument allowing us to identify points for improvement in the management of Intensive Care Unit patients, increasing the quality and safety of care. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , 34002 , Segurança , Lista de Checagem
3.
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 45(2): 88-95, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31477342

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Based on some of the recommendations of the SEMICYUC working groups, we developed a checklist and applied it in 2 periods, analyzing their behavior as a tool for improving safety. DESIGN: A comparative pre- and post-intervention longitudinal study was carried out. SETTING: The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a 400-bed university hospital. PATIENTS: Random cases series in 2 periods separated by 6 months. INTERVENTIONS: We developed a checklist with 24 selected indicators that were randomly applied to 50 patients. Verification was conducted by a professional not related to care (prompter). We analyzed the results and compliance index and carried out corrective measures with training. With 6 months of preparation, we again applied the random checklist to 50 patients (post-intervention period) and compared the compliance indexes between the two timepoints. RESULTS: There were no differences in demographic characteristics or evolution between the periods. The compliance index at baseline was 0.86±0.12 versus 0.91±0.52 in the post-intervention period (P=.023). An acceptable compliance index was obtained with the 24 indicators, though at baseline the compliance index was<0.85 for 5 recommendations. These detected non-compliances were worked upon through training in the second phase of the study. The post-intervention checklist evidenced improvement in compliance with the recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: The checklist used to assess compliance with a selection of recommendations of the SEMICYUC applied and moderated by a prompter was seen to be a useful instrument allowing us to identify points for improvement in the management of Intensive Care Unit patients, increasing the quality and safety of care.

4.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 53(3): 169-180, jul.-sept. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-185554

RESUMO

Los bipedestadores se usan como terapia preventiva de la luxación de cadera en pacientes con parálisis cerebral. Esta revisión busca evaluar la efectividad de estos en la prevención de la luxación de cadera de pacientes menores de 18 años con diagnóstico de parálisis cerebral espástica, GMFCS III-V. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en 10 bases de datos biomédicas, seleccionando ensayos clínicos aleatorios, cuasiexperimentales y estudios de cohorte. Se comparó el uso de bipedestadores con terapia física, ortesis y/o cirugías de tejido blando. Se consideró al porcentaje de migración de la cabeza femoral como resultado principal. Se evaluó el riesgo de sesgo mediante las pautas Rob 2.0 y Robins I. Como resultado del análisis de 6 estudios primarios, se obtiene que el uso de bipedestación mantuvo el porcentaje de migración de la cabeza femoral dentro de límites normales (MP: 13-23%; p<0,01), aumentó la densidad mineral ósea volumétrica trabecular vertebral (8,16mg/cm3; p=0,01), contenido mineral óseo (p=0,010) y longitud muscular de isquiotibiales (fase B1 p<0,01 y B2 p=0,03). Sin embargo, el riesgo de sesgo de estos estudios se categorizó como de alguna preocupación a moderado. Como conclusión se declara que existe evidencia limitada de la efectividad del uso de bipedestadores en la prevención de la luxación de cadera en la población de estudio, debido a la heterogeneidad metodológica y riesgo de sesgo de los estudios incluidos. Se requiere un mayor número de estudios con nivel de evidencia alto para poder generar una recomendación de su uso. Registro en PROSPERO: CRD42018087641


The standing devices are used as a preventive therapy for hip dislocation in patients with cerebral palsy. This review seeks to assess the effectiveness of standing devices in the prevention of hip dislocation of patients under 18 years old with a diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy, GMFCS III-V. A systematic search was conducted in 10 biomedical databases, selecting randomized, quasi-experimental clinical trials and cohort studies. The use of standing devices with physical therapy, orthosis and/or soft tissue surgeries was compared. The percentage of migration of the femoral head was considered as the main result. The risk of bias was assessed using the Rob 2.0 and Robins I guidelines. As a result of the analysis of 6 primary studies, it is obtained that the use of standing devices maintained the percentage of migration of the femoral head within normal limits (MP:13-23%, p<.01), increased vertebral trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (8.16mg/cm3, p=.01), bone mineral content (p=.010) and hamstring muscle length (phase B1 p<.01 and B2 p=.03). However, the risk of bias in these studies was categorized as of some concern to moderate. In conclusion, it is stated that there is limited evidence of the effectiveness of the use of standing devices in the prevention of hip dislocation in the study population, due to the methodological heterogeneity and risk of bias of the included studies. A greater number of studies with a high level of evidence are required in order to generate a recommendation for its use. Registration in PROSPERO: CRD42018087641


Assuntos
Humanos , Andadores/estatística & dados numéricos , Luxação do Quadril/prevenção & controle , Paralisia Cerebral/reabilitação , Resultado do Tratamento , Terapia por Exercício/métodos
5.
Rehabilitacion (Madr) ; 53(3): 169-180, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31370944

RESUMO

The standing devices are used as a preventive therapy for hip dislocation in patients with cerebral palsy. This review seeks to assess the effectiveness of standing devices in the prevention of hip dislocation of patients under 18 years old with a diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy, GMFCS III-V. A systematic search was conducted in 10 biomedical databases, selecting randomized, quasi-experimental clinical trials and cohort studies. The use of standing devices with physical therapy, orthosis and/or soft tissue surgeries was compared. The percentage of migration of the femoral head was considered as the main result. The risk of bias was assessed using the Rob 2.0 and Robins I guidelines. As a result of the analysis of 6 primary studies, it is obtained that the use of standing devices maintained the percentage of migration of the femoral head within normal limits (MP:13-23%, p<.01), increased vertebral trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (8.16mg/cm3, p=.01), bone mineral content (p=.010) and hamstring muscle length (phase B1 p<.01 and B2 p=.03). However, the risk of bias in these studies was categorized as of some concern to moderate. In conclusion, it is stated that there is limited evidence of the effectiveness of the use of standing devices in the prevention of hip dislocation in the study population, due to the methodological heterogeneity and risk of bias of the included studies. A greater number of studies with a high level of evidence are required in order to generate a recommendation for its use. Registration in PROSPERO: CRD42018087641.


Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral/complicações , Órtoses do Pé , Luxação do Quadril/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Densidade Óssea , Criança , Estudos de Coortes , Cabeça do Fêmur , Humanos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Valores de Referência
6.
Br J Anaesth ; 122(2): 269-276, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30686313

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Recruitment manoeuvres generate a transient increase in trans-pulmonary pressure that could open collapsed alveoli. Recruitment manoeuvres might generate very high inspiratory airflows. We evaluated whether recruitment manoeuvres could displace respiratory secretions towards the distal airways and impair gas exchange in a porcine model of bacterial pneumonia. METHODS: We conducted a prospective randomised study in 10 mechanically ventilated pigs. Pneumonia was produced by direct intra-bronchial introduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Four recruitment manoeuvres were applied randomly: extended sigh (ES), maximal recruitment strategy (MRS), sudden increase in driving pressure and PEEP (SI-PEEP), and sustained inflation (SI). Mucus transport was assessed by fluoroscopic tracking of radiopaque disks before and during each recruitment manoeuvre. The effects of each RM on gas exchange were assessed 15 min after the intervention. RESULTS: Before recruitment manoeuvres, mucus always cleared towards the glottis. Conversely, mucus was displaced towards the distal airways in 28.6% ES applications and 50% of all other recruitment manoeuvres (P=0.053). Median mucus velocity was 1.26 mm min-1 [0.48-3.89] before each recruitment manoeuvre, but was reversed (P=0.007) during ES [0.10 mm min-1 [-0.04-1.00]], MRS [0.10 mm min-1 [-0.4-0.48]], SI-PEEP [0.02 mm min-1 [-0.14-0.34]], and SI [0.10 mm min-1 [-0.63-0.75]]. When PaO2 failed to improve after recruitment manoeuvre, mucus was displaced towards the distal airways in 68.7% of the cases, compared with 31.2% recruitment manoeuvres associated with improved PaO2 (odds ratio: 4.76 (95% confidence interval: 1.13-19.97). CONCLUSIONS: Recruitment manoeuvres dislodge mucus distally, irrespective of airflow generated by different recruitment manoeuvres. Further investigation in humans is warranted to corroborate these pre clinical findings, as there may be limited benefits associated with lung recruitment in pneumonia.


Assuntos
Manuseio das Vias Aéreas/métodos , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Muco , Pneumonia Bacteriana/complicações , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Pico do Fluxo Expiratório , Estudos Prospectivos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Troca Gasosa Pulmonar , Respiração Artificial , Mecânica Respiratória , Sus scrofa , Suínos
8.
Rev. chil. cir ; 69(3): 223-229, jun. 2017. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-844364

RESUMO

Introducción: El uso de expansor mamario, previo a la reconstrucción definitiva con prótesis, no está exento de complicaciones. Las mismas no solo tienen relación con la presencia de radioterapia perioperatoria, o factores propios de las pacientes, sino que también guardan relación con la cobertura muscular íntegra del expansor mamario. Material y métodos: Revisión retrospectiva de pacientes sometidas a reconstrucción mamaria diferida utilizando una modificación de la técnica del cierre de bolsillo submuscular con celulosa oxidada regenerada NU-KNIT® de expansor mamario. Entre el 1 de enero de 2014 y el 31 de diciembre de 2015 un solo cirujano plástico (J.V.) de la Unidad de Patología Mamaria de la Clínica Alemana de Santiago realizó reconstrucción con dicha técnica en 31 pacientes. Se describe la modificación de la técnica, así como los datos demográficos, histológicos y complicaciones de la fase de expansión de las mismas. Resultados: Se realizaron 40 reconstrucciones mamarias en 31 pacientes. Se presentaron 11 seromas (27,5% del total de los expansores), 2 sufrimientos de colgajo cutáneo con dehiscencia de la herida (5% de los expansores) y una infección de la herida operatoria (2,5% de los expansores). Dos pacientes requirieron aseo quirúrgico por dehiscencia e infección. Una paciente requirió explantación del expansor (2,5% del total de los expansores). Discusión: La modificación de la técnica quirúrgica representa una alternativa segura y reproducible para lograr un cierre total del bolsillo muscular y con ello la cobertura completa del expansor, evitando así algunas de las complicaciones descritas secundarias a una cobertura insuficiente del mismo.


Introduction: The use of breast expander, prior to the final prosthetic reconstruction, is not exempt from complications. They not only relate to the presence of peri-operative radiation therapy, or patient-related issues; but also related to the muscle integrate coverage of the breast expander. Material and methods: Retrospective review of patients undergoing deferred breast reconstruction using a modification of the technique of sub muscular pocket closing with oxidized regenerated cellulose NU-KNIT TM for the breast expander. Between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2015 one plastic surgeon (J.V.), from the Breast Pathology Unit at Clínica Alemana de Santiago, performed reconstruction surgeries with this technique in 31 patients. In the present article, the technique modification, demographic data, histological data and the complications which arose during the expansion phase of the same, will be described. Results: 40 breast reconstructions were performed in 31 patients. 11 seromas (27.5% of total expanders), 2 sufferings of skin flap wound dehiscence (5% expanders) and 1 wound infection (2.5% of expanders) were presented. Two patients required surgical debridement due to surgical dehiscence and infection. One patient required explantation of the expander (2.5% of total expanders). Discussion: The modification of the surgical technique represents a safe and reproducible alternative to achieve a complete closure of the muscular pocket and thus a complete coverage of the expander, consequently; avoiding some of the secondary complications drawn from an insufficient coverage of the expander.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Implantes de Mama , Mamoplastia/métodos , Dispositivos para Expansão de Tecidos , Implante Mamário/métodos , Celulose Oxidada , Seguimentos , Complicações Intraoperatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos
9.
Arch. prev. riesgos labor. (Ed. impr.) ; 16(2): 98-99, abr.-jun. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-110819

RESUMO

Objetivos. Los pescadores que participaron en las actividades de limpieza del vertido del Prestige mostraban un aumento del riesgo de padecer síntomas respiratorios pasados entre uno y dos años después de la catástrofe; sin embargo, la persistencia a largo plazo de estos efectos sobre la salud permanecía incierta. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido evaluar la persistencia de estos síntomas respiratorios cinco años después de los trabajos de limpieza. Métodos. Subgrupos de 501 pescadores que habían estado expuestos a los trabajos de limpieza y 177 pescadores no expuestos fueron re-entrevistados por teléfono en el 2008, incluyendo las mismas preguntas utilizadas en la encuesta inicial. Las asociaciones entre la participación en los trabajos de limpieza y la presencia de síntomas respiratorios se evaluaron mediante análisis de regresión log-binomial y multinomial, ajustado por sexo, edad y tabaquismo. Resultados. Se obtuvo información de 466 (93%) pescadores expuestos y de 156 (88%) no expuestos. La prevalencia de síntomas del tracto respiratorio bajo (incluyendo sibilancias, falta de aire, tos y flema) disminuyó ligeramente en ambos grupos, pero permaneció más alta entre los expuestos (RR 1,4, IC 95%: 1,1-1,9) El riesgo de tener síntomas respiratorios persistentes(referidos tanto al inicio como durante el seguimiento) aumentó con el nivel de exposición: RR 1,7(IC 95%: 0,9-3,1) y 3,3 (IC 95%: 1,8-6,2) para los moderada y altamente expuestos, respectivamente. El riesgo en relación con la presencia de síntomas nasales y para el uso de medicación respiratoria fue de un orden similar. Conclusiones. La participación en las actividades de limpieza de los derrames de petróleo puede dar lugar a síntomas respiratorios que persisten hasta cinco años después de la exposición. Sería necesario disponer de protocolos para llevar a cabo las medidas preventivas oportunas, así como una continua vigilancia de la salud de los trabajadores que participen en actividades de limpieza en este tipo de accidentes ( AU)


Objectives. Fishermen who had participated in clean-up activities of the Prestige oil spill showed an excess risk of respiratory symptoms 1-2 years later, but the long-term persistence of these health effects is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the persistence of these respiratory symptoms 5 years after clean-up work. Methods. Subgroups of 501 fishermen who had been exposed to clean-up work and 177 non-exposed individuals were re-interviewed by telephone in 2008, including the same symptom questions as in the initial survey. Associations between participation in clean-up work and respiratory symptoms were assessed using log-binomial and multinomial regression analyses adjusting for sex, age and smoking. Results. Information from 466 exposed (93%) and 156 non-exposed (88%) fishermen was obtained. The prevalence of lower respiratory tract symptoms (including wheeze, shortness of breath, cough and phlegm) had slightly decreased in both groups, but remained higher among the exposed (RR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.9). The risk of having persistent respiratory symptoms(reported both at baseline and at follow-up) increased with the degree of exposure: RR ratio 1.7 (95% CI 0.9 to 3.1)and 3.3 (95% CI 1.8 to 6.2) for moderately and highly exposed, respectively, when compared with those without any symptoms. Findings for nasal symptoms and for respiratory medication usage were similar. Conclusions. Participation in clean-up activities of oil spills may result in respiratory symptoms that persist up to 5years after exposure. Guidelines for preventive measures and a continued surveillance of clean-up workers of oil spills are necessary(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Respiratórias/complicações , Doenças Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Infecções Respiratórias/complicações , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Fatores de Risco , Saúde Ocupacional/normas , Saúde Ocupacional/tendências , Doença Ambiental/epidemiologia , Doença Ambiental/prevenção & controle , Coleta de Resíduos Sólidos , Exposição Ambiental/análise , Exposição Ambiental/prevenção & controle , Poluentes Ambientais/isolamento & purificação
10.
Rev. esp. patol. torac ; 24(2): 159-167, abr. -jun. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-103458

RESUMO

Objetivo y finalidad del estudio: La FQ es una enfermedad crónica con impacto en la CVRS. Se ha comunicado una prevalencia elevada de síntomas depresivos y ansiosos en estos sujetos. La finalidad del estudio fue evaluar los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad en una muestra de adultos con FQ con la Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) y su posible relación con la CVRS medida con el Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire Revised para adolescentes y adultos versión Spain (CFQ-R14+ Spain). Material y método: Estudio transversal con selección prospectiva de pacientes adultos con FQ. Se recogieron datos demográficos, clínicos, radiológicos y espirométricos y completaron la escala HADS y el CFQ-R14+. Resultados: Se incluyeron 43 pacientes. El cribado fue positivo para síntomas depresivos en el 21,5% y para síntomas ansiosos en el 31%. Los síntomas psicológicos se asociaron a una edad mayor y a peor situación respiratoria. La presencia de síntomas depresivos y ansiosos se asoció a una peor calidad de vida. Tras controlar por variables demográficas (edad, sexo) y clínicas (gravedad según FEV1) se observó que el cribado positivo para depresión y para ansiedad explicó un porcentaje importante de la varianza del dominio percepción de la salud (CFQ-R14+). Conclusiones: El cribado para síntomas depresivos y/o ansiosos fue elevado en los pacientes con FQ y se asoció a una peor percepción de la salud independientemente de la función pulmonar (AU)


Objective of the study: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic disease that impacts on quality of life with regards to health (QLRH). A high prevalence of depressive and anxiety type symptoms has been reported in CF patients. The objective of this study was to assess the symptoms of depression and anxiety in an adult sample with CF using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and its possible relationship with QLRH, measured with the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire Revised for adolescents and adults in Spain (CFQ-R14+ Spain). Material and method: Transversal study with a prospective selection of adult, CF patients. Demographic, clinical, radiological and spirometric data was collected and all participants answered the HADS and CFQ-R14+ scales. Results: 43 patients were included. The group was positive for symptoms of depression in 21.5% and for symptoms for anxiety in 31%. The psychological symptoms were associated with increased age and a poor respiratory situation. The presence of depression and anxiety-related symptoms was associated to a worse quality of living. After verifying demographic (age, sex) and clinical (seriousness according to FEV1) data, it was observed that the group that was positive for depression and anxiety showed an important percentage in the variance of the perception of health (CFQ-R14+). Conclusions: The group for depression and/or anxiety-related symptoms was higher in patients with CF and was associated to an inferior perception of health, independently of pulmonary function (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Fibrose Cística/complicações , Depressão/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Prospectivos , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos
12.
ENFURO: Rev. Asoc. Esp. A.T.S. Urol ; (115): 8-13, jul.-sept. 2010. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-95275

RESUMO

Nuestro objetivo es disminuir el número de muestras rechazadas procedentes de atención primaria, favorecido por la formación de las enfermeras en la obtención de especímenes.Se diseñó un estudio cuasi experimental pretest y postest, comparando los errores preanaliticos en muestras de orina detectados en febrero de 2009 y febrero de 2010. Entre ambos periodos, se realiza un programa de formación de actualización clínica en atención primaria a las enfermeras de los puntos de extracción de especímenes.Se detectó una disminución significativa de los errores en el total de las muestras (p<0,05).Concluimos así que la realización de sesiones de actualización clínica y formación pueden contribuir al descenso de errores de muestras recibidas en el laboratorio. Esta disminución en el número de muestras rechazadas ayudará a la mejora de la gestión del gasto sanitario y de la calidad de la asistencia prestada (AU)


Our objective is to reduce the number of rejected samples from primary care, favoured by the training of nurses in obtaining specimens. Acuasi experimental survey was designed pre-test and post-test, comparing preanalitics in urine samples detected errors in February 2009 andFebruary 2010. Between both periods, is a clinical update on primary care training program points for the abstraction of specimens nurses.Found a significant decrease of errors in the total sample (p < 0.05). We thus conclude that carrying out clinical update and training sessions can contribute to the decline of samples received in the laboratory errors. This decrease in the number of rejected samples will help improve the management of expenditure on health and the quality of the assistance provided (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Erros de Diagnóstico/prevenção & controle , Urinálise/métodos , Manejo de Espécimes/métodos , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/normas
13.
Rev. esp. patol. torac ; 21(3): 146-153, jul.-sept. 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-80756

RESUMO

Objetivo: valorar el efecto de la suplementación oral de una combinación a dosis bajas de diversos ácidos grasos sobre parámetros respiratorios e inflamatorios en pacientes adultos con fibrosis quística(FQ).Método: 17 pacientes recibieron diariamente: 324 mg de ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA), 216 mg de docosahexaenoico (DHA),480 mg de linoleico (LIN) y 258 mg de gammalinolénico (GLA)durante un año. Se valoraron parámetros espirométricos, número y gravedad de las reagudizaciones respiratorias, uso de antibióticos y marcadores inflamatorios. Resultados: se ha observado un incremento de parámetros espirométricos, así como una reducción estadísticamente significativa en el número de reagudizaciones (totales y graves) y en los días totales de tratamiento antibiótico, comparado con el año previo a la suplementación. Concomitantemente se observó una reducción significativa de los niveles del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF alfa)así como un incremento de los receptores solubles del TNF alfa. Conclusiones: la suplementación con una mezcla definida de ácidos grasos durante un año parece mejorar parámetros espirométricos, clínicos (menor número de reagudizaciones y tandas de antibióticos)e inflamatorios en pacientes adultos con FQ (AU)


Objective: to evaluate the effect of a combination of low doses oral supplement of various fatty acids on respiratory and inflammatory parameters in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Method: 17 patients received: 324 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA), 216 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 480 mg of linoleicacid (LIN) and 258 mg of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) daily during a one-year period. The parameters evaluated included spirometry, number and severity of the acute respiratory attacks, use of antibiotics and inflammatory markers. Results: an increase in spirometry parameters was observed, as well as a statistically significant reduction in the number of acute respiratory attacks (total and severe) and in the total number of days of antibiotic treatment, compared with the year prior to taking the supplement. At the same time, there was a reduction in the levels of the alpha tumor necrosis factor (alpha TNF), as well as an increase of the soluble receptors of alpha TNF. Conclusions: supplements with a specific mix of fatty acids for the period of one year appears to improve spirometry, clinical (lower number of the acute respiratory attacks and rounds of antibiotics) and inflammatory parameters in adults with CF (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/administração & dosagem , Fibrose Cística/dietoterapia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Fatores de Tempo
14.
Rev. patol. respir ; 12(2): 74-77, abr.-jun. 2009. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-98123

RESUMO

Introducción. El derrame pericárdico es una entidad clínica que requiere un manejo multidisciplinar. Varios procedimientos han sido descritos para practicar una pericardiectomía parcial suficiente para garantizar el drenado óptimo y que, además, permita la toma de muestras biópsicas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar la rentabilidad de la pericardiectomía parcial mediante cirugía vídeo-toracoscópica (CVT) en los derrames pericárdicos con sospecha clínica de benignidad, valorando las indicaciones y su valor añadido frente a otras técnicas. Material y métodos. Hemos realizado pericardiectomías a 19 pacientes con sospecha clínica de benignidad por CVT. La indicación fue establecida ante la aparición de síntomas atribuibles al derrame o cuando se precisaba la toma de muestras. La presencia de signos radiológicos y/o ecográficos de pericarditis constrictiva o de inestabilidad clínica, fueron contraindicaciones para la técnica. Resultados. El diagnóstico tras estudio patológico fue de inflamación crónica en 6 casos, tuberculosis (TBC) activa en 2 y una pericarditis de origen urémico en otros 4. Etiología neoplásica no diagnosticada previamente fue establecida en 2 pacientes; en 5 casos se drenaron derrames postquirúrgicos de cirugía cardiaca. Conclusiones. La CVT resulta una técnica adecuada para el manejo diagnóstico-terapéutico de aquellos derrames pericárdicos no diagnosticados y en los postquirúrgicos. Su elevado rendimiento diagnóstico, su baja morbilidad y casi nula existencia de recidivas lo hacen especialmente indicado en casos en que se precise la toma de muestras y la supervivencia previsible sea larga (AU)


Introducción. Introduction. Pericardial effusion is a clinical disease that requires multidisciplinary management. Several procedures have been described to perform a sufficient partial pericardiectomy in order to assure optimum drainage and that would also permit biopsy samples to be obtained. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the profitability of the partial pericardiectomy through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VTS) in pericardial effusions with clinical suspicion of benignancy, evaluating its indications and its added value compared to other techniques Material and methods. We have performed pericardiectomies in 19 patients with clinical suspicions of benignancy using VTS. The indication was established due to the appearance of symptoms that could be attributed to effusion or when it was necessary to obtain samples. The presence of radiological and/or ultrasonographic signs of constrictive pericarditis or clinical instability were contraindications for the technique. Results. The diagnosis after the pathology study was chronic inflammation in 6 cases, active tuberculosis (TBC) in 2 cases and uremic pericarditis in 4 more cases. Previously undiagnosed neoplastic etiology was established in 2 patients; in 5 cases, postsurgical effusions of cardiac surgery were drained. Conclusions. VTS is an adequate technique for the diagnostic-therapeutic management of those undiagnosed pericardial effusions and in post-surgical ones. Its high diagnostic performance, low morbidity and almost null existence of relapses has made it especially indicated in cases where it is necessary to obtain samples and the foreseeable survival is long (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cirurgia Torácica Vídeoassistida/métodos , Derrame Pericárdico/diagnóstico , Pericardiectomia/métodos , Derrame Pericárdico/cirurgia , Tamponamento Cardíaco/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico
16.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 22(3): 122-124, 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-74266

RESUMO

La silicona líquida está formada por polímeros de dimetilsiloxano.El uso de esta sustancia para el aumento de tejidosblandos como es la mamoplastia de aumento, puede ocasionarla aparición de granulomas, entre otros efectos indeseables.También dificulta posteriormente el diagnóstico tempranodel cáncer de mama. La técnica diagnóstica más aceptadaes la resonancia magnética. El tratamiento sintomático y etiológicode las complicaciones (eliminar la sustancia inyectada)presenta problemas difíciles de resolver. Presentamos dos casosde complicación aguda por reacción a cuerpo extraño trasinyección intramamaria de silicona líquida(AU)


Liquid silicone is derived from dimethylsiloxane polymers.The use of this substance to augment soft tissues as breastaugmentation is associated with the appearance of granulomas,among other undesirable effects. Its use also leads toenormous difficulty in the early diagnosis of breast cancer.Magnetic resonance has become the most accepted test fordiagnosis. The symptomatic and etiological treatment (removalof injected substance) presents problems that are difficult tosolve. We present two cases of foreign body reactions as anacute complication after intramammary injection of liquid silicone(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Mamoplastia/efeitos adversos , Mamoplastia/métodos , Compostos de Silício/efeitos adversos , Granuloma/complicações , Granuloma/etiologia , Granuloma , Mamografia/instrumentação , Mamografia/métodos , Ultrassonografia Mamária , Mastectomia/métodos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico
20.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-74329

RESUMO

El sistema enzimático del citocromo P-450 es el principalresponsable del metabolismo hepático de hormonas sexuales.Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 39 años que acude aconsultas externas de Cirugía por presentar mastalgia cíclicaintensa desde hace meses, que cede coincidiendo con la tomade itraconazol y recidiva al dejar este tratamiento. Se trata deun efecto paradójico puesto que, en este caso, el itraconazolse comporta como un inductor de la isoenzima CYPA3A4 aumentandola eliminación del estradiol y no como el inhibidorque es habitualmente(AU)


The enzymatic system of the cytochrome P-450 is the mainresponsible for the hepatic metabolism of sexual hormones.We present the case of a 39 year-old patient. She went to SurgeryService because she suffered recurrent intense cyclic breastpain during several months. She started itraconazol therapyand breast pain improved, but it relapsed when sheleaved the treatment with itraconazol. This is supposed to be aparadoxical effect because in this case itraconazole behaved asan inductor of the CYPA3A4 isoenzyme increasing the eliminationof the estradiol, and it did not behave as an inhibitor ofCYPA3A4, as habitually(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450 , Doença da Mama Fibrocística/complicações , Doença da Mama Fibrocística/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Estradiol , Mamografia/normas , Mamografia
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