Salmonella serotypes isolated from nonhuman sources in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1996 through 2000.

A total of 4,581 Salmonella strains isolated from nonhuman sources, including foodstuffs associated with foodborne Salmonella outbreaks, from January 1996 through December 2000 were serotyped at the Enteropathogens Laboratory, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil. Among the 123 different serotypes identified, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) was the most prevalent (32.7%), ranking first for almost every kind of source. The next most common serotypes were Salmonella Senftenberg (10.3%), Salmonella Hadar (6.8%), Salmonella Agona (5.1%), and Salmonella Typhimurium (2.4%). Rough strains belonging to the subspecies S. enterica subsp. enterica (4.8%), S. enterica subsp. arizonae (<1%), S. enterica subsp. diarizonae (<1%), and S. enterica subsp. houtenae (<1%) were also detected. Foodstuffs (including poultry meat for consumption) contained 38.1% of the studied Salmonella strains, poultry flocks (from several farms under salmonellosis control by the owners) contained 21.7%, the environment contained 10.6%, sewage contained 9.4%, water contained 6.6%, animal feed contained 4.4%, chill water from poultry-processing operations contained 2.2%, and other sources contained 7.0%. Foodstuffs extensively contaminated with Salmonella strains were poultry meat (40%), cow meat (11%), desserts (8%), mayonnaise (6%), sausage (5%), and unpasteurized shell eggs (4%), and there were several other food sources (26%). Homemade mayonnaise was the most common vehicle for Salmonella foodborne outbreaks, and Salmonella Enteritidis was the serotype most isolated (95%) from that source. According to these data and previously published data concerning Salmonella strains isolated in São Paulo State, almost the same serotypes have predominated among nonhuman sources for the last decade.

Ocorrência de infecções pulmonares devidas ao Mycobacterium Kansasii, em São Paulo, Brasil / Pulmonary disease due to Mycobacterium Kansasii in Säo Paulo, Brasil

No período de 1984 a 1985, foram identificados, através de cultura de escarro e testes laboratoriais especializados, na Região dos municípios de Santo André, São Bernardo, Säo Caetano e Diadema, em São Paulo, 9 casos de infecção pulmonar, causada pelo Mycobacterium Kansasii. Pelo fato de algumas microbactérias causarem quadros pulmonares semelhantes ao da tuberculose e por ser o diagnóstico destas infecções, sob o ponto de vista clínico, radiológico e histológico, insuficiente para diferenciar as doenças pulmonares causadas pelos bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes, recomenda-se a realização de exames bacteriológicos completos, em diferentes áreas do Estado, em pacientes com suspeita de tuberculose, em pacientes positivos ao exame bacterioscópico e naqueles com resposta desfavorável ao tratamento específico para tuberculose (AU).